[{"subject":"NYCU Study Shows Clearer Left-Turn Lanes Cut Unsafe Driving by More Than 60%","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-09-03","detailContent":"\r\n
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A fully shadowed left-turn lane featuring an offset design. (Source: Google Maps)
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Edited by Chance Lai
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Many motorists know the feeling: The lane they thought would continue straight suddenly becomes left-turn-only, forcing them to make an abrupt lane change. At poorly designed intersections, that moment of confusion can lead to traffic violations, congestion and crashes. \r\n \r\nNew research from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) suggests that clearer road design could prevent much of that risk. After an unshadowed left-turn lane at an intersection in Taichung was converted into a fully shadowed design with clear channelization and a gradual transition zone, unsafe driving behaviors fell by 62.3%. \r\n \r\nWrong-lane maneuvers — including through traffic mistakenly entering the left-turn lane and drivers turning left directly from a through lane — dropped by an even more dramatic 94.2%. \r\n \r\nWhen a Through Lane Suddenly Becomes a Turn Lane \r\n \r\nExclusive left-turn lanes are intended to separate turning vehicles from through traffic, helping motorists follow traffic signals and enter the correct lanes safely and efficiently. At many intersections in Taiwan, however, left-turn lanes have traditionally used an “unshadowed” design. In this configuration, the innermost through lane may abruptly become a left-turn-only lane as it approaches the intersection. \r\n \r\nDrivers who did not intend to turn are then pressured to change lanes at the last moment or to continue straight from a turn-only lane. The result can be sudden lane changes, traffic violations, congestion and an increased risk of collisions. \r\n \r\nProfessor Kun-Feng Wu of NYCU’s Department of Transportation and Logistics Management led a research team that examined more than 160,000 vehicle trajectories at an intersection in Taichung. \r\n \r\nUsing millimeter-wave radar and computer vision technology, the researchers analyzed how motorists behaved before and after the left-turn lane was redesigned. The fully shadowed layout created a clearly separated turn lane with channelizing markings and a gradual transition area, making the road’s intended path easier to recognize. Following the redesign, unsafe behaviors such as abrupt lane changes and crossing double solid white lines declined by 62.3%. \r\n \r\nRoad Markings That Reduce Mental Strain \r\n \r\nA separate study by the team examined whether dotted extensions — guide markings placed in the transition area leading into an exclusive left-turn lane — could help motorists enter the correct lane.
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\r\nResearchers tracked the eye movements of 30 participants and found that drivers viewing roads with dotted extensions did not need to shift their attention as frequently toward surrounding vehicles or their side mirrors. They were also less likely to feel uncertain about whether a left-turn lane was present. Instead, drivers were better able to focus on vehicles ahead and follow their intended route, reducing cognitive load and stress. \r\n \r\nTogether, the two studies show that clear pavement markings and intuitive lane design can help motorists understand how the road ahead will change. This reduces uncertainty over questions such as “Can I turn left here?” or “Where does the left-turn lane begin?” \r\n \r\nDesigning Roads Around Human Limitations \r\n \r\n“We should not simply blame drivers for improper behavior,” Wu said. “We need to understand their needs, limitations and capabilities.” Road design should involve more than laying asphalt, he added. It must also take into account the limits of human attention and cognition. \r\n \r\nDotted extensions make lane boundaries and travel directions easier to interpret, while fully shadowed left-turn lanes reduce the need for last-minute lane changes and split-second decisions. Together, these features allow motorists to understand the road layout at a glance. \r\n \r\nAs more intersections across Taiwan undergo lane reconfiguration, the findings provide evidence that human-centered road design can offer clear, intuitive visual guidance. By reducing driver uncertainty, stress and traffic violations, better-designed roads can add another critical layer of protection for everyone who uses them. \r\n \r\nDotted extensions leading into an exclusive left-turn lane. (Source: Google Maps)
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1544943667171561472&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Researchers Develop Ultrathin Metasurface for Brighter AR Displays","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-08-24","detailContent":"\r\n
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The study was featured on the cover of Nano Letters.
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Edited by Chance Lai
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Researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have developed an ultrathin nonlocal metasurface capable of precisely controlling red, green, and blue (RGB) light using a single nanoscale layer. The breakthrough could significantly reduce the size of optical systems while improving image quality, color fidelity, and energy efficiency. \r\n \r\nThe technology could accelerate the development of lightweight augmented reality (AR) glasses, compact microdisplays, smartphone cameras, and other next-generation optical devices. The study was published online in Nano Letters on March 2, 2026. It was subsequently selected for the cover of the journal's April 1, 2026 issue, highlighting its significance in nanophotonics and nonlocal metasurfaces. \r\n
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\r\nWan-Tzu Kuo (left), a graduate student at NYCU's Institute of Photonics, and Associate Professor Yao-Wei Huang (right) of the Institute of Photonics. \r\n \r\nRethinking AR Optics \r\n \r\nDespite rapid advances in augmented reality, today’s AR headsets remain constrained by bulky optical components, limited image quality, and unwanted light leakage that can expose virtual content to bystanders. These challenges have become increasingly important as AR expands beyond entertainment into healthcare, education, industrial training, and smart manufacturing. \r\n \r\nTo address these limitations, NYCU researchers designed a two-dimensional topology-optimized nonlocal metasurface that enables independent and highly efficient manipulation of RGB light within a single-layer nanostructure. \r\n \r\n“Conventional optical designs often struggle to balance color purity, spectral selectivity, and energy efficiency when handling multiple wavelengths simultaneously,” said Associate Professor Yao-Wei Huang of NYCU's Department of Photonics. “Our design overcomes these limitations by achieving high-Q narrowband resonances and highly efficient reflective diffraction for red, green, and blue light within a single ultrathin device.” \r\n \r\nThe approach provides improved color fidelity, higher optical efficiency, and effective suppression of unwanted light leakage.
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\r\nA Simpler Design with Greater Manufacturing Potential \r\n \r\n“Instead of relying on conventional multi-component optical architectures, our design uses a single planar freeform structure to support multiple resonant modes,” said Wan-Tzu Kuo, a graduate student at NYCU's Institute of Photonics. “This allows us to simplify the optical system without sacrificing performance.” \r\n \r\nThe simplified architecture provides a practical route toward scalable manufacturing of compact photonic devices. \r\n \r\n“Two-dimensional topology optimization greatly expands the design space, enabling nearly independent control of different wavelengths,” Huang said. “This improves spectral selectivity while minimizing optical crosstalk and unwanted light leakage, making the technology especially attractive for compact AR displays.” \r\n \r\nFor wearable devices such as AR glasses, the technology offers another advantage: virtual images can be directed only to the intended viewer, helping protect user privacy by preventing others from seeing displayed content. \r\n \r\nDemonstrating Next-Generation AR Displays \r\n \r\nTo validate the technology, the researchers integrated the metasurface into a free-space AR prototype. Experiments generated bright virtual images with high color purity and high image quality that closely matched theoretical simulations. \r\n \r\nThe results demonstrate the feasibility of applying the ultrathin metasurface to next-generation AR display systems, offering a promising solution for lightweight, high-resolution, and energy-efficient optical devices. \r\n \r\nAs demand grows for more compact, intelligent, and immersive optical technologies, the NYCU team’s design offers a new approach to overcoming longstanding trade-offs among size, image quality, and efficiency. The researchers believe the platform could help advance next-generation wearable displays and integrated photonic devices, bringing high-performance optics closer to everyday consumer devices. \r\n \r\nMembers of the research team.
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Maintaining strength, balance and mobility may help older adults preserve independence and age more healthily, an NYCU-led study suggests. \r\n(Photo credit: Pexels)
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Edited by Chance Lai
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A seven-year study of 13,423 adults aged 65 and older in Taiwan found that those in the top 20% of overall fitness had a 61% lower risk of death from any cause than those in the bottom 20%. \r\n \r\nResearchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) conducted the study in collaboration with colleagues from Chung Yuan Christian University, National Taiwan University of Sport and several other academic institutions. The study, titled “Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults,” was published on August 10 in JAMA Network. \r\n \r\nThe association remained significant after the researchers accounted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, body mass index and chronic health conditions. The findings suggest that healthy aging depends not only on preventing disease but also on maintaining strength, balance and mobility. \r\n
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\r\nLi-Lin Liang, an associate professor at NYCU’s Institute of Public Health, led the cross-university research team behind the seven-year study. \r\n \r\nSimple Tests Offer a Broader Picture of Health \r\n \r\nThe researchers analyzed data from adults aged 65 and older who completed standardized fitness assessments in Taiwan between 2015 and 2016. Their health records were tracked through the end of 2022, with a median follow-up of seven years. During that period, 1,631 participants, or 12.2% of the study population, died. \r\n \r\nParticipants completed seven functional fitness tests covering four areas: cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, and balance and agility. The tests included stepping in place for two minutes, performing repeated arm curls and chair stands, reaching forward from a seated position, reaching behind the back, standing on one leg with the eyes open, and rising from a chair to walk around a marker before sitting down again. \r\n \r\nRather than measuring athletic performance, these exercises reflect abilities that older adults rely on in daily life, such as standing up without assistance, walking safely and maintaining balance. \r\n \r\nBalance, Mobility and Leg Strength Stand Out \r\n \r\nBalance and agility showed the strongest associations with survival, followed by lower-body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Compared with participants in the lowest-performing 20%, those in the highest-performing group on the 8-foot up-and-go test had a 59% lower risk of death. The test requires participants to rise from a chair, walk 8 feet, turn around, return and sit back down. \r\n \r\nTop performers on the one-leg stance test had a 50% lower risk of death, while those who performed best on the chair-stand test had a 45% lower risk. Participants with the best results on the two-minute step test had a 42% lower risk. \r\n \r\nThe findings highlight the importance of maintaining the ability to stand, walk and respond to changes in balance. These abilities are central to independent living and may also help reduce the risk of falls, fractures and related complications.
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\r\nOlder Adults Do Not Need to Become Athletes \r\n \r\nThe relationship between fitness and mortality was not always linear. For several measures, mortality risk declined most sharply as participants moved beyond the lowest fitness levels, with the reduction leveling off at higher levels. \r\n \r\nThis suggests that older adults may not need to achieve exceptional fitness to see a meaningful difference. Moving from a low to a moderate level of fitness may offer the greatest potential benefit. “The findings are especially meaningful for older adults who may feel that it is too late to improve their health,” said Li-Lin Liang, an associate professor at NYCU’s Institute of Public Health and a co-corresponding author of the study. \r\n \r\n“Even if someone starts with limited physical capacity, becoming more active and gradually improving strength, balance and mobility may bring meaningful health benefits. \r\n \r\nLooking Beyond a List of Diseases \r\n \r\nLiang said the findings support a more comprehensive view of healthy aging. Health assessments should consider not only which diseases an older person has but also how much “physiological reserve” that person retains. Physiological reserve refers to the body’s capacity to maintain function, respond to stress and recover from illness or injury. An older adult may have one or more chronic conditions yet remain physically capable and independent. \r\n \r\n“An older adult may have a chronic disease but still be able to walk a considerable distance and maintain good balance and muscle strength,” Liang said. “That person has a very different level of physiological reserve from someone whose mobility has already declined substantially,” Liang added that physical fitness is a valuable indicator of overall health because it reflects the status of more than one organ or disease. Instead, it captures the combined effects of daily functioning, disease burden and physiological aging. \r\n \r\nRethinking What It Means to Age Well \r\n \r\nBecause the study was observational, it identified an association but could not prove that better fitness directly extends life. Fitness was also measured only once, and information on certain factors, including participants’ smoking history, was unavailable. \r\n \r\nDespite these limitations, the consistency of the findings across multiple fitness measures underscores the value of looking beyond disease diagnoses when assessing the health of older adults. Liang said the results support continued efforts to promote fitness among older adults and incorporate simple functional assessments into routine care. Such tests could help health professionals detect declining mobility earlier and develop strategies to preserve strength, balance and independence. \r\n \r\nThe study offers a practical message: Healthy aging does not require becoming an athlete. For older adults, retaining the ability to rise from a chair, stand steadily and walk with confidence may be a more meaningful goal—and those starting at the lowest fitness levels may have the most to gain from taking the first step. \r\n \r\nBetter performance in balance, mobility, lower-body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a substantially lower mortality risk among older adults.
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1539691013784735744&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Research Team Earns Second Consecutive ISCA Acceptance with Energy-Efficient AI Breakthrough","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-08-13","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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Professor Tsung-Tai Yeh (left) and members of NYCU’s Computer Architecture and System Lab at the ISCA 2025 poster session
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Edited by Chance Lai
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In computer science, the International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA) is often described as the “Olympics of computer architecture.” Known for its highly selective review process, ISCA showcases some of the world’s most forward-looking advances in hardware design and chip architecture. Taiwan’s presence at the conference has remained limited over the past decade, averaging fewer than one paper per year. Yet a research team led by Professor Tsung-Tai Yeh of the Department of Computer Science at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has now secured acceptances for two consecutive years. \r\n \r\nProfessor Yeh’s team will return to ISCA in 2026 with its Omni-LUT research, following the team’s presentation of AQB8 at ISCA 2025. Together, the two studies address two major challenges facing the technology industry: the soaring memory demands of AI and the high power consumption of high-fidelity graphics. \r\n \r\nSolving the Data-Movement Bottleneck \r\n \r\nOne of the industry’s biggest bottlenecks is the sheer volume of data that modern computing workloads must move. Professor Yeh explains that both large language models (LLMs) and ultra-realistic 3D rendering rely on frequent transfers of enormous amounts of data between processors and memory. \r\n \r\nLike vehicles caught in a traffic jam, these transfers consume substantial time and energy, slowing systems and generating heat. Reducing data movement without sacrificing accuracy has therefore become a key priority for the semiconductor and AI industries. \r\n \r\nOmni-LUT: Redefining Long-Context AI \r\n \r\nThrough Omni-LUT, the team is pushing the boundaries of long-context processing for LLMs. Microsoft Research previously proposed using lookup tables (LUTs) with ultra-low-precision quantization to replace conventional computations and reduce the hardware footprint. However, the technology faced difficulties in quantizing the key-value (KV) cache. \r\n \r\nBecause the KV cache is generated dynamically during model inference, it cannot be easily preprocessed. Its memory requirements also grow rapidly as context length increases, particularly when models handle very long documents. \r\n
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\r\n \r\nProfessor Yeh’s team developed a new quantization mechanism—different from Google's approach—that integrates seamlessly with LUT accelerators. The breakthrough significantly eases the memory pressure created by the KV cache, enabling long-context AI workloads to run faster and more reliably on conventional hardware. \r\n \r\nAQB8: Cinematic Graphics with Lower Power Consumption \r\n \r\nIn 3D rendering, ray tracing produces lifelike visuals by simulating the paths of countless light rays. However, the process requires intensive computation and frequent data transfers. Even today’s most powerful graphics cards can struggle with such workloads. \r\n \r\nWith AQB8, Professor Yeh’s team departed from conventional high-precision computing frameworks. The team developed an algorithm that represents data at lower precision with virtually no loss in visual quality. By sharply reducing data movement, AQB8 could enable mobile devices to render cinematic-quality graphics while consuming less power. \r\n \r\nThe work attracted considerable interest from leading global chipmakers last year because of its potential to reduce energy use without sacrificing visual fidelity. \r\n \r\nFuture Horizons: From Quantum Computing to Cybersecurity \r\n \r\nProfessor Yeh is now extending the team’s two core research areas—ray-tracing accelerator architecture and hardware-aware quantized compression—to new applications. The team is adapting ray-tracing techniques for quantum circuit simulation while applying memory-compression methods to information security. \r\n \r\nA related project by the team received a 2025 Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship in East Asia. The project uses quantization-based compression to improve the efficiency of homomorphic encryption, potentially allowing AI systems to process encrypted data rapidly while preserving privacy. \r\n \r\nWith papers presented at ISCA in consecutive years, the NYCU team has demonstrated that Taiwan’s strengths extend beyond world-class semiconductor manufacturing to the hardware-software co-design expertise needed to shape the future of AI, quantum computing, and cybersecurity. \r\n
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文圖/資訊人院刊 \r\n在計算機科學界，有一座被譽為「電腦架構奧林匹克」的聖殿——ISCA（國際電腦架構交談會）。這項會議的入選門檻極高，代表了全球硬體設計與晶片架構的最前瞻思維。過去十年，整個台灣在該會議的發表量寥寥可數，平均一年不到一篇。然而，這項學術天花板，在近兩年被陽明交通大學資訊工程系葉宗泰教授的研究團隊連續打破。 \r\n \r\n葉宗泰老師團隊憑藉 Omni-LUT 研究再次挺進 ISCA 2026，這不僅是該團隊連續第二年插旗這座聖殿，更是在機器人頂級會議 ICRA 同時發表了突破性成果。這項成就背後，關鍵在於這兩篇論文分別解決了當前科技界最頭痛的兩個問題：「AI 太吃記憶體」與「高畫質運算太耗電」。 \r\n \r\n產業界當前最頭痛的痛點是資料搬移量過大導致的運算瓶頸。葉教授深入淺出地指出，無論是當紅的大語言模型（LLM）還是追求極致真實的 3D 影像渲染技術，核心難題都在於必須頻繁地在晶片與記憶體之間搬動龐大資料。這就像交通堵塞一樣，耗費了絕大部分的電力與時間，導致運算又慢又發燙。因此，如何「搬動更少的資料」卻能達到同樣精準的結果，成為未來半導體與 AI 產業最關鍵的技術轉型方向，這也是當前全球科技巨頭都在競爭的技術制高點。 \r\n \r\n在針對大語言模型的 Omni-LUT 研究中，團隊挑戰了當前長文本處理的極限。雖然先前 Microsoft Research 已提出利用「查表法」（Look-up Table）搭配超低精度量化來取代傳統計算，藉此縮減晶片面積，但該技術尚未能解決「KV Cache」的量化難題。由於 KV Cache 是在模型執行時動態生成的，難以預先處理，導致在面對超長文件時，記憶體需求仍會急劇攀升。葉老師團隊針對這一缺口，研發出與 Google 策略不同、且能與查表加速器完美契合的新型量化機制，並改良了硬體架構。這項突破讓 AI 在處理超長文本時，能大幅降低 KV Cache 對記憶體的壓迫，讓長文本運算在常規硬體上跑得更快、更穩。
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而在 3D 影像渲染領域，光線追蹤技術雖然能生成逼真影像，卻因需要模擬海量光線並頻繁搬移資料，即便是當前市面上最高階的顯示卡運算起來也相當吃力。葉老師團隊研發出的 AQB8 技術，突破了業界過去習慣的高精度計算框架，找到了一套全新的算法，能將資料大幅降至低精度卻幾乎不失真。這項技術透過大幅減少資料搬移量，讓行動裝置也能以低功耗跑出電影等級的細緻畫面，去年在國際展示時更吸引了多家晶片大廠的高度關注，驚訝於這項能顯著降低功耗且不影響影像品質的新型算法。 \r\n \r\n展望未來，葉宗泰老師正積極將這兩項核心技術——「光線追蹤加速架構」與「硬體感知量化壓縮」——推向更寬廣的應用領域。團隊目前嘗試將光線追蹤的加速邏輯轉化為量子電腦電路模擬的利器，並同步將記憶體壓縮技術投入資訊安全領域。葉老師與Qualcomm合作的創新計畫已榮獲 2025 Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship in East Asia ，其目標是利用量化壓縮特性優化「同態加密」的運算效率，讓 AI 在處理加密資料時，既能保證隱私不外洩，又能維持極高的運算速度。連續兩年插旗 ISCA，證明了台灣團隊不僅具備世界級的晶片製造實力，更有能力在「軟硬體協同設計」上定義未來的算力規則，並將這套節能高效的架構推展至量子運算與數位安全等更多元的應用場景。 \r\n
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Professor Wen-Hao Chang’s team at NYCU’s Department of Electrophysics has developed a high-performance monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) top-gate transistor, addressing a longstanding interface challenge in two-dimensional semiconductors.
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Edited by Chance Lai
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Researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), in collaboration with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. (TSMC) and Academia Sinica, with support from the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), have cleared a major hurdle in the development of two-dimensional semiconductors. \r\n \r\nThe team created a high-performance top-gate transistor using a single layer of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂). Despite its atom-scale dimensions, the device delivers high transconductance, extremely low leakage current and stable operation — a combination that has long proved difficult to achieve in 2D electronics. The findings were reported in Nature Electronics, marking an important step toward integrating 2D semiconductors into practical chip technologies. \r\n \r\nWhy Atom-Thin Semiconductors Matter \r\n \r\nThe collaboration brought together teams led by Professor Wen-Hao Chang of NYCU’s Department of Electrophysics and Academia Sinica’s Research Center for Applied Sciences, Dr. Iuliana P. Radu of TSMC, and Professor Tsung-En Lee of NYCU’s Department of Semiconductor Engineering. The project was supported by the NSTC’s Angstrom Semiconductor Initiative and the Taiwan Chip-based Industrial Innovation Program’s project on Key Technologies for Integrating Next-Generation Semiconductor Materials and Devices. \r\n \r\nFrom smartphones and computers to the next generation of artificial intelligence devices, modern electronics require chips that can process more information while consuming less power. For decades, the semiconductor industry has achieved this goal by shrinking silicon transistors. But as conventional silicon technology approaches its physical limits, researchers worldwide are seeking new materials to continue advancing chip performance. \r\n \r\nTwo-dimensional semiconductors are among the most promising candidates. Because they can be as thin as a single atomic layer, they offer exceptional control over electrical current even at extremely small dimensions. That makes them a potential pathway to extend transistor scaling and sustain the progress associated with Moore’s law. But being extraordinarily thin also makes these materials highly sensitive. \r\n \r\nTo control the flow of current through a transistor, engineers must place an ultrathin insulating layer — known as a gate dielectric — on top of the semiconductor. Doing so on a 2D material is a little like laying a film over an exceptionally delicate sheet of paper: The process can easily damage or disrupt the surface underneath. Those imperfections scatter electrons as they move through the material, reducing speed and undermining device performance. The industry has therefore faced a persistent trade-off between making the insulating layer thinner and preserving efficient electron transport.
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\r\n \r\nAn Atomic-Scale Fix for the Interface Problem \r\n \r\nInstead of searching for another semiconductor material, the research team redesigned the interface itself. Using a technique known as epitaxial interface engineering, the researchers deposited an ultrathin layer of aluminum directly onto monolayer MoS₂ under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions. They then carefully oxidized the aluminum to create an aluminum oxide layer measuring about 0.42 nanometers thick. \r\n \r\nThe atomically thin oxide forms a high-quality foundation for the growth of subsequent dielectric materials. It also improves the interface between the MoS₂ channel and the gate dielectric, helping electrons travel with less interference. \r\n \r\nThe resulting transistor combines an aggressively scaled dielectric structure with high transconductance — a measure of how effectively the gate voltage controls the device's current. Even at very small dimensions, the transistor demonstrated performance that ranks among the world’s leading MoS₂ devices, while maintaining extremely low leakage current and strong operational stability. \r\n \r\nThe results suggest that precise control of interfaces could help move 2D semiconductors beyond laboratory demonstrations and closer to real-world chip applications. \r\n \r\nBuilding a Platform for the Post-Silicon Era \r\n \r\n“The real competition in 2D semiconductors will not be about materials alone — it will be about interface engineering,” Chang said. \r\n \r\nHe said the broader value of the research lies in its potential to serve as a platform technology applicable to various 2D semiconductor materials. If successfully integrated with existing semiconductor manufacturing processes, the approach could support a new generation of faster, more energy-efficient electronic devices and help lay the groundwork for chip technologies in the post-silicon era. \r\n \r\nThe achievement also highlights Taiwan’s ability to connect government-backed research programs with academic expertise and industrial capabilities. With support from the NSTC, the collaboration combined the research strengths of NYCU and Academia Sinica with TSMC’s semiconductor expertise. \r\n \r\nNYCU will continue advancing research in next-generation semiconductor materials and devices while strengthening partnerships with government agencies and industry, helping turn fundamental scientific discoveries into technologies with practical impact.
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1536199167263641600&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Unveils Scalable Peptide Manufacturing Platform for Next-Generation Therapeutics","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-07-29","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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Conceptual illustration of the solid-phase peptide ligation platform. The technology is designed to simplify the manufacturing of structurally complex peptides while supporting scalable production and future therapeutic applications.
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Edited by Chance Lai
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Researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Kaohsiung Medical University have developed an advanced Solid-Phase Peptide Ligation Platform that could help overcome one of the biggest manufacturing bottlenecks limiting next-generation peptide therapeutics. Led by Associate Professor Hui-Ting Chen of NYCU’s Department of Pharmacy and Distinguished Professor Chia-Lin Kao of Kaohsiung Medical University, the team designed the platform to integrate peptide fragment synthesis and ligation within a single solid-phase system, enabling more efficient and scalable production of structurally complex peptides. \r\n
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As GLP-1 weight-loss drugs reshape the global pharmaceutical market and precision medicine continues to advance, peptide therapeutics have become one of the fastest-growing areas of drug development. Hundreds of peptide-based drug candidates are currently in clinical development worldwide. Yet many promising candidates fail to advance beyond process development because long-chain, cyclic and chemically modified peptides remain notoriously difficult to manufacture, resulting in low yields, complex purification processes and high production costs. The new platform is designed to address these longstanding manufacturing challenges and help accelerate the translation of promising peptide candidates toward clinical and industrial development.
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The platform recently received the 22nd National Innovation Award, recognizing the team’s contributions to advanced peptide manufacturing while highlighting Taiwan’s growing capabilities in pharmaceutical process innovation and translational research. \r\n
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\r\nSchematic comparison of conventional solid-phase peptide synthesis and the newly developed ligation platform, illustrating a streamlined workflow for producing complex peptides with fewer purification steps. \r\n \r\nOvercoming Manufacturing Challenges for Complex Peptides \r\n \r\nPeptide therapeutics have become an important class of medicines because of their high target specificity and generally favorable safety profiles. They are widely used to treat diabetes, obesity, cancer and numerous chronic diseases. Among the most prominent examples are long-acting GLP-1 therapeutics, many of which contain more than 30 amino acids together with lipid conjugations and non-natural amino acid modifications. While these structural features enhance therapeutic performance, they also make manufacturing significantly more challenging. \r\n \r\nAccording to Kao, conventional peptide synthesis methods often experience declining reaction efficiency when producing long-chain or heavily modified peptides. Lower yields, increased byproduct formation and more complicated purification procedures not only raise manufacturing costs but also make large-scale production and quality consistency more difficult.
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\r\nAt the core of the new platform is an integrated solid-phase workflow that combines peptide fragment synthesis and ligation within a single reaction system. By eliminating many of the separation and purification steps required in conventional manufacturing processes, the platform streamlines production while improving both efficiency and product quality. \r\n \r\nThe technology is compatible with a broad range of structurally demanding peptides—including long-chain, cyclic, amphiphilic and chemically modified molecules. Compared with existing approaches, it delivers higher synthesis efficiency and product purity while reducing unwanted byproducts. Its versatility makes it suitable for both laboratory research and industrial-scale manufacturing. \r\n \r\nBeyond improving research efficiency, the platform also offers strong potential for large-scale production. By shortening the timeline from early-stage discovery to preclinical development, it could help accelerate the commercialization of next-generation peptide therapeutics. \r\n \r\n“Many peptide drug candidates fail not because of molecular design, but because they are too difficult to manufacture efficiently,” Chen said. “Our goal was to build a platform that makes complex peptides easier to produce at scale and easier to translate into real-world therapeutics.” \r\n \r\nBridging Academic Innovation and Industrial Translation \r\n \r\nChen said that successful biotechnology innovation requires more than promising drug concepts—it also depends on manufacturing technologies capable of translating laboratory discoveries into real-world products. The team’s modular fragment design strategy and solid-phase ligation technology enable researchers and pharmaceutical developers to evaluate peptide drug candidates more efficiently, accelerating preclinical research while reducing manufacturing risks during process development. \r\n \r\nBeyond technology development, the researchers have actively strengthened connections between academia and industry. The platform supports the synthesis of specialized peptides, synthetic intermediates, impurity reference standards and customized peptide products, providing technical services for academic laboratories, biotechnology startups, contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs), and pharmaceutical companies developing structurally complex peptides. Receiving the 22nd National Innovation Award recognizes the team’s long-term commitment to advancing peptide synthesis technologies while underscoring NYCU’s strengths in pharmaceutical sciences, process engineering and translational research. \r\n \r\nLooking ahead, the researchers plan to validate the platform at larger manufacturing scales while expanding international collaborations and industry partnerships. By serving as a bridge between academic innovation and biopharmaceutical manufacturing, they hope to help bring more next-generation peptide therapeutics from the laboratory to clinical development while strengthening Taiwan’s role in advanced peptide manufacturing and precision medicine.
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1532262291188224000&init=Y","expFile":"NYCU Unveils Scalable Peptide Manufacturing Platform for Next-Generation Therapeutics"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"HHRI and NYCU Unveil Silicon Photonic Breakthrough for Next-Generation AI Data Centers","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-07-27","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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A concept illustration of ultra-high-speed optical data transmission. The proof-of-concept silicon photonic transmitter achieved 34.132 Tbit/s through a single optical fiber—equivalent to transferring thousands of high-definition movies in just one second.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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As artificial intelligence models become larger and more computationally demanding, the next bottleneck in AI is no longer processing power alone—it is how quickly massive amounts of data can move between chips, servers and entire data centers. \r\n \r\nResearchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and the Hon Hai Research Institute (HHRI) have developed a high-capacity silicon photonic transmitter that combines a quantum-dot comb laser, wavelength-division multiplexing and multicore fiber technologies to increase optical data transmission. The proof-of-concept system achieved an aggregate transmission capacity of 34.132 Tbit/s through a single optical fiber, providing a promising architecture for future AI data centers and co-packaged optics (CPO). The study was published in Optics Express. \r\n \r\nReplacing Electrons With Light \r\n \r\nThe rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) and generative AI has transformed the architecture of modern AI data centers, where thousands—or even tens of thousands—of GPUs work together to train and deploy increasingly sophisticated models. As computing power continues to scale, however, the volume of data exchanged between processors grows even faster. Moving data efficiently has therefore become one of the industry’s greatest engineering challenges. \r\n \r\nTo overcome this bottleneck, the semiconductor industry has increasingly turned to silicon photonics, which uses light instead of electrical signals to transmit data at much higher speeds. Unlike conventional copper interconnects, which consume more power, generate more heat and suffer greater signal loss over longer distances, optical communication can carry substantially more information with significantly higher energy efficiency. As a result, silicon photonics is widely regarded as one of the key enabling technologies for next-generation AI infrastructure. \r\n \r\nThe joint NYCU–HHRI research team sought to increase transmission capacity further while reducing the number of optical components required, creating a simpler, more compact and energy-efficient optical transmission architecture. \r\n \r\nOne Laser, One Fiber, 34.132 Tbit/s \r\n \r\nOne of the team’s key innovations is the use of an ultra-broadband quantum-dot comb laser. Conventional optical communication systems typically require multiple independent lasers to generate different wavelengths. In contrast, the new transmitter uses a single laser to stably produce 23 distinct optical wavelengths, greatly simplifying the optical architecture. \r\n \r\nThe system can be likened to a single light source generating 23 independent high-speed optical channels, each capable of carrying data simultaneously without interfering with the others. By replacing multiple lasers with a single light source, the design reduces system complexity while easing challenges related to packaging, thermal management and device control. \r\n \r\nEach wavelength employs PAM4 (Pulse Amplitude Modulation 4-level), enabling transmission at 212 Gbit/s while carrying twice as much information as conventional binary modulation within the same bandwidth. The researchers further expanded system capacity by incorporating a seven-core multicore optical fiber. Unlike conventional optical fibers, which contain only a single transmission path, multicore fibers integrate multiple independent cores within one fiber, allowing several data streams to travel simultaneously.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nBy combining 23 wavelength channels with seven spatial cores, the transmitter simultaneously employs wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and space-division multiplexing (SDM), dramatically increasing overall throughput. Together, the system achieved an aggregate transmission capacity of 34.132 Tbit/s through a single optical fiber. To validate the architecture, the team successfully transmitted data over 2 kilometers of optical fiber while maintaining excellent signal integrity. \r\n \r\nThe researchers emphasize that the current work represents a proof of concept demonstrating the feasibility of the integrated architecture. Before commercialization, additional advances in device packaging, long-term reliability and scalable manufacturing will still be required. \r\n \r\nToward the Next Generation of AI Infrastructure \r\n \r\nBeyond boosting transmission capacity, the researchers also designed specialized high-frequency electrodes within the silicon photonic chip to suppress electromagnetic interference generated during simultaneous multi-channel operation, further improving signal integrity. \r\n \r\nThe technology could contribute to the development of co-packaged optics (CPO), an emerging architecture that places optical components much closer to AI processors and network switches. By shortening electrical transmission distances, CPO can significantly reduce power consumption and latency while overcoming one of the major performance bottlenecks in future AI computing systems. \r\n \r\nAs AI models continue to grow, demand for faster and more energy-efficient optical interconnects will only increase. By combining advanced silicon photonics with innovative optical transmission architectures, the collaboration between NYCU and HHRI demonstrates Taiwan’s growing leadership in silicon photonics and high-speed optical communications, while laying the groundwork for the next generation of AI data center infrastructure. \r\n \r\nThe research was led by Hao-Chung Kuo, director of the Semiconductor Research Institute at HHRI, and Chi-Wai Chow, distinguished professor at NYCU, together with researchers from both institutions. The project was supported by Taiwan’s National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) and the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), with additional research collaboration from the team led by Chair Professor Wood-Hi Cheng at National Chung Hsing University. \r\n \r\nA schematic illustration of co-packaged optics (CPO), where optical engines are integrated closer to AI processors to shorten electrical interconnect distances, improving bandwidth, energy efficiency and signal integrity.
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1531507835001638912&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU, MacKay Memorial Hospital Develop Brainwave Monitoring Method for More Precise Anesthesia","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-07-20","detailContent":"\r\n
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Researchers from NYCU’s Institute of Brain Science and MacKay Memorial Hospital pose for a group photo.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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When patients undergo general anesthesia, they lose consciousness—but does that also mean the brain stops responding to pain? \r\n \r\nA five-year collaborative study by National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and MacKay Memorial Hospital suggests the answer is more complex. Rather than simply inducing unconsciousness, effective anesthesia requires carefully balancing two distinct processes: suppressing consciousness while maintaining appropriate pain control. \r\n \r\nThe interdisciplinary research team has identified a novel electroencephalography (EEG) biomarker—known as delta–alpha phase-amplitude coupling (PAC)—that more accurately reflects the brain’s response to painful stimuli during surgery than conventional monitoring methods. The findings were published in the April issue of Anesthesiology. \r\n
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\r\nThe wearable EEG device developed by Professor Terry B.-J. Kuo and his team at NYCU’s Institute of Brain Science enables real-time brainwave monitoring during anesthesia. \r\n \r\nA More Objective Measure of Pain Under Anesthesia \r\n \r\nDuring surgery, anesthesiologists continuously adjust anesthetic and analgesic medications to keep patients unconscious while preventing excessive physiological stress caused by surgical stimulation. \r\n \r\nTraditionally, these adjustments rely largely on indirect physiological indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure, pharmacological models, and clinical experience. However, because patients respond differently to surgery and anesthetic drugs, these measures cannot always accurately reflect how the brain is processing pain. \r\n \r\nThe new study demonstrates that PAC provides a more direct and objective indicator of the balance between nociception—the brain’s processing of harmful stimuli—and analgesia, enabling clinicians to optimize anesthetic dosing with greater precision. \r\n \r\nWearable Brainwave Device Enables Real-Time Monitoring \r\n \r\nThe study was made possible through a lightweight wearable EEG system developed by Professor Terry B.-J. Kuo and his team at NYCU’s Institute of Brain Science. \r\n \r\nDesigned specifically for the demanding environment of operating rooms, the device combines miniaturized hardware with advanced signal-processing algorithms capable of filtering surgical noise while continuously capturing high-quality brainwave signals. \r\n \r\nAccording to Kuo, the system allows individualized, real-time assessment of brain activity, providing anesthesiologists with an objective reference when determining whether additional anesthetic or analgesic medication is needed. \r\n \r\nSuch precision may help reduce the risk of intraoperative awareness, postoperative delirium, and potential long-term cognitive decline—particularly among elderly patients and other high-risk surgical populations.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nToward Precision Anesthesia \r\n \r\nDr. Tzu-Chun Wang, senior attending anesthesiologist at MacKay Memorial Hospital and a doctoral researcher at NYCU’s Institute of Brain Science, said precision anesthesia begins well before surgery. \r\n \r\nBefore an operation, anesthesiologists evaluate factors including a patient’s age, medical history, medications, allergies, and surgical procedure to determine an individualized anesthesia plan. During surgery, medications are continuously adjusted based on physiological monitoring, while postoperative recovery is supported through Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols involving multidisciplinary teams including surgeons, nurses, and nutrition specialists. \r\n \r\nThe newly identified PAC biomarker adds another layer of objective information, helping clinicians better distinguish between adequate unconsciousness and adequate pain control—two physiological states that are often assumed to occur together but are governed by different neural mechanisms. \r\n \r\nEngineering Medicine Driving Clinical Innovation \r\n \r\nSpeaking on behalf of the collaborative project, NYCU President Chi-Hung Lin said advances in medical technology continue to expand the possibilities for understanding one of science’s greatest frontiers—the human brain. \r\n \r\n“This collaboration exemplifies the spirit of Engineering Medicine by bringing together engineering, neuroscience, and clinical medicine,” Lin said. “Through close integration across disciplines, we are gaining deeper insight into how the brain functions and creating technologies that can improve patient care.” \r\n \r\nMackay Memorial Hospital Superintendent Wen-Han Chang emphasized that anesthesiologists play a critical role throughout surgery, noting that even small adjustments in medication dosage require careful judgment and extensive clinical expertise to ensure both patient safety and surgical success. \r\n \r\nExpanding Beyond the Operating Room \r\n \r\nBuilding on their long-standing collaboration, NYCU and Mackay Memorial Hospital are continuing to translate neuroscience research into clinical practice. \r\n \r\nThe team is now extending the wearable brainwave monitoring technology to intensive care settings, where objective brain activity measurements may further improve the management and neurological outcomes of critically ill patients. \r\n \r\nAs precision medicine continues to reshape modern healthcare, the researchers believe brain-guided anesthesia represents an important step toward safer, more personalized surgical care. \r\n \r\nDr. Tzu-Chun Wang (right) and Professor Terry B.-J. Kuo, whose teams collaborated on the precision anesthesia study. \r\n
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1529055076138618880&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Could Gut Bacteria Help Protect the Brain? NYCU Study Links Microbiome to Alzheimer’s Biomarkers","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Communication and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-07-01","detailContent":"
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A conceptual illustration depicts the gut-brain axis and highlights the association between Akkermansia muciniphila, gut microbial communities, and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers. The study suggests that gut microbiome composition may be linked to amyloid-beta accumulation and brain health.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Scientists have long known that the trillions of microbes living in the human gut influence metabolism, immunity, and cardiovascular health. A new study now suggests they may also be closely connected to one of the world’s most devastating neurological disorders. \r\n \r\nResearchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have found that older adults with higher levels of Akkermansia muciniphila—a next-generation probiotic increasingly recognized for its health benefits—show significantly lower levels of amyloid-beta accumulation in the brain, a key biological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. \r\n \r\nPublished in Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, the study analyzed stool samples, Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, and brain imaging data from 439 older adults. While the findings do not prove that gut bacteria prevent Alzheimer’s disease, they provide compelling new evidence that the gut microbiome may play a far greater role in brain aging than previously understood. \r\n
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\r\nThe study identifies a significant association between gut microbial composition and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, providing new insights into the gut-brain axis while highlighting the need for further research to establish causality. \r\n \r\nLooking Beyond the Brain \r\n \r\nFor decades, Alzheimer’s research has focused primarily on what happens inside the brain, particularly the buildup of amyloid-beta plaques. New drugs designed to remove these deposits have offered renewed hope for patients, but scientists are increasingly asking whether the disease may begin much earlier—and outside the brain itself. \r\n \r\nOne of the strongest candidates is the gut microbiome. Through immune, metabolic, and neural pathways, the trillions of microorganisms inhabiting the digestive tract communicate continuously with the brain, forming what researchers describe as the gut-brain axis. \r\n \r\nAmong these microbes, Akkermansia muciniphila has attracted growing attention. Previous animal studies have linked the bacterium to improved metabolism, reduced inflammation, and enhanced memory, suggesting it may help protect cognitive function. \r\n \r\nA More Detailed View of the Gut Microbiome \r\n \r\nRather than grouping bacteria into broad taxonomic categories, the NYCU team used high-resolution genomic sequencing to identify microbes at the species level, allowing researchers to distinguish subtle but potentially important biological differences.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThe analysis identified 59 bacterial species associated with either mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease. Interestingly, even closely related bacteria appeared to play different roles: some species were more abundant in cognitively healthy participants, while others were enriched in individuals with cognitive decline. \r\n \r\nThe researchers also found that these microbes operate as interconnected communities rather than in isolation. Interactions among bacterial species may alter key metabolic functions—including pathways involved in branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis—that are associated with amyloid accumulation and neurodegeneration. \r\n \r\nThese findings suggest that it is the overall balance of the gut ecosystem, rather than any single bacterial species, that may influence brain health. \r\n \r\nToward Personalized Strategies for Dementia Prevention \r\n \r\nProfessor Yi-Fang Chuang of NYCU’s Institute of Public Health, who led the study, said the research represents an important step toward understanding how gut microbes may contribute to Alzheimer’s disease. \r\n \r\n“Although we observed a clear association between the gut microbiome and Alzheimer’s biomarkers, the underlying biological mechanisms remain to be clarified,” Chuang said. “Future longitudinal studies will be needed to determine whether microbial changes contribute to disease progression or are themselves a consequence of neurodegeneration.” \r\n \r\nShe added that gut microbial composition varies considerably across populations because of differences in genetics, diet, and lifestyle. Consequently, findings from Western populations cannot always be generalized to Asian communities. \r\n \r\nBy establishing one of Taiwan’s most comprehensive datasets linking gut microbiomes, brain imaging, and Alzheimer’s biomarkers, the study provides a valuable resource for future dementia research and opens new possibilities for developing microbiome-based strategies to predict, prevent, and eventually slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. \r\n \r\n \r\nProfessor Yi-Fang Chuang led the study, which combines microbiome analysis, brain imaging, and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers to advance dementia research.
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Illustration of NYCU's patented Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technology, which intelligently redirects wireless and satellite signals around obstacles to improve coverage, reduce interference, and deliver more stable connectivity in crowded urban environments, remote regions, and emergency response scenarios.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In an era where constant connectivity has become an everyday expectation, reliable wireless communication is no longer a luxury—it is essential. Yet many people are familiar with a frustrating experience: taking a few steps around a corner or entering another room, only to see their signal strength suddenly drop. \r\n \r\nResearchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have developed a new communication technology designed to solve these signal dead zones and deliver more stable wireless connections in complex environments. \r\n \r\nThe innovation, recently granted a patent, was developed by Associate Professor Jiun-Hung Yu of NYCU's Institute of Communications Engineering. The technology is based on a Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), a smart reflective system capable of dynamically directing wireless signals toward users and devices. \r\n
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\r\nResearch team discussing the development and testing of the RIS-enabled smart communication system, which is designed to improve wireless signal coverage and connection stability in complex environments. \r\n \r\nTurning Obstacles into Communication Assets \r\n \r\nUnlike conventional wireless networks, where walls and buildings often block or weaken signals, RIS technology transforms surrounding surfaces into active components of the communication system. The intelligent surfaces can be installed on indoor walls and ceilings, building facades, glass windows, digital billboards, or even mounted on uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs). By intelligently reflecting and steering wireless signals, the system can reduce signal loss, minimize interference, and improve overall connection quality. \r\n \r\nYu compares the technology to a "smart mirror" that continuously identifies the locations of signal sources and users, then redirects signals to where they are needed most. "Instead of allowing signals to disappear after hitting obstacles, the system turns those obstacles into teammates," Yu explained. "Walls no longer become barriers—they become part of the communication network." \r\n \r\nThe technology is particularly valuable in environments where large numbers of users are connected simultaneously, such as transportation hubs, concert venues, sports arenas, and major public events, where network congestion often degrades communication quality.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nExpanding Connectivity Beyond Traditional Networks \r\n \r\nBeyond terrestrial wireless communication, the patented technology also shows significant potential for satellite communication systems. By precisely redirecting satellite signals toward users on the ground, RIS-enabled networks could help improve coverage in remote regions, mountainous areas, offshore locations, and disaster-affected zones where conventional communication infrastructure may be limited or unavailable. \r\n \r\nThe enhanced coverage and reliability could support a wide range of critical applications, including emergency response operations, telemedicine services, distance learning programs, and digital infrastructure development in underserved communities. Researchers believe the technology could play an important role in narrowing the digital divide by providing more consistent internet access to rural and remote populations. \r\n \r\nBuilding the Foundation for Future 6G Networks \r\n \r\nAs global demand for high-capacity wireless networks continues to grow, intelligent surface technologies are increasingly viewed as a key enabler of next-generation communications. \r\n \r\nThe patented RIS system could contribute to the evolution of 5G, emerging 6G networks, and future satellite communication architectures. By enabling smarter and more efficient signal propagation, the technology may also support the expansion of smart cities, autonomous systems, and large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) applications. \r\n \r\nWith its ability to transform ordinary surfaces into intelligent communication infrastructure, the innovation demonstrates how future networks may become not only faster but also more adaptive, resilient, and accessible. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Jiun-Hung Yu (center) poses with members of his research team following the successful patent registration of their Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) communication technology.
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1513453364086575104&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU–TVGH Team Uses Decellularized Umbilical Cord Matrix to Regenerate Periodontal Tissue","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-06-01","detailContent":"\r\n
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Researchers from NYCU and TVGH developed a regenerative therapy based on decellularized human umbilical cord tissue. In an animal model of periodontal disease, the biomaterial promoted simultaneous regeneration of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament without the use of stem cells or conventional bone grafts, demonstrating its potential as a next-generation treatment for periodontal tissue repair.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Periodontal disease affects more than 80% of adults in Taiwan and remains one of the leading causes of tooth loss worldwide. Once the tissues supporting the teeth are damaged, rebuilding them is notoriously difficult. Now, a collaborative research team from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH) has demonstrated a promising new regenerative approach using decellularized human umbilical cord tissue. \r\n \r\nIn an animal study, the researchers successfully promoted both alveolar bone regeneration and periodontal ligament repair — two critical components required to restore the structures that anchor teeth in place. The findings were published in Biomaterials Science and selected as the journal’s cover story (Read more). The research has also received a Gold Medal at the Tokyo International Innovation and Invention Exhibition in Japan, highlighting growing international interest in regenerative medicine technologies. The team has secured a Taiwanese patent and is currently pursuing international patent protection. \r\n
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\r\nA decellularized Wharton’s jelly matrix derived from human umbilical cord tissue, developed as a biomaterial scaffold for periodontal tissue regeneration. \r\n \r\nA Persistent Challenge in Dental Medicine \r\n \r\nPeriodontal disease develops when bacterial infection spreads into deeper tissues surrounding the teeth. Over time, the periodontal ligament deteriorates, periodontal pockets deepen, and alveolar bone is progressively lost. Without treatment, the condition can eventually lead to tooth loss. \r\n \r\nFor patients with moderate-to-severe disease, treatment often requires flap surgery combined with bone graft materials and barrier membranes to help rebuild lost bone. However, achieving true periodontal regeneration remains challenging because successful treatment requires the simultaneous reconstruction of both alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. \r\n \r\n“Restoring only the bone is not enough,” researchers noted. “The ligament that connects the tooth to the surrounding bone must also regenerate if functional support is to be recovered.” \r\n \r\nTurning Umbilical Cord Tissue into a Regenerative Scaffold \r\n \r\nThe study was led by Professor Yu-Show Fu of NYCU’s Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology in collaboration with Dr. Cheng-Fong Chen of the Department of Orthopedics, Dr. Wen-Liang Lo of the Department of Stomatology, and Dr. Chang-Ching Yeh of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at TVGH. \r\n \r\nThe researchers developed a biomaterial derived from decellularized Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous connective tissue found within the human umbilical cord. By removing living cells while preserving the extracellular matrix structure, the team created a natural scaffold capable of supporting tissue regeneration.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThe material was implanted into periodontal defects surrounding mandibular molars in rats with periodontal disease. Remarkably, the treatment stimulated new bone formation and promoted repair of the periodontal ligament without the addition of stem cells or conventional bone graft materials. \r\n \r\nThe findings suggest that the umbilical cord-derived matrix itself may provide biological signals that guide tissue repair and regeneration. \r\n \r\nRegenerating Two Critical Structures at Once \r\n \r\nOne of the most significant findings of the study was the ability to regenerate both alveolar bone and periodontal ligament simultaneously. \r\n \r\nCurrent regenerative treatments often struggle to restore the complex architecture surrounding teeth, as different tissue types must heal in a coordinated manner. The NYCU-TVGH team’s approach appears capable of supporting this process, potentially overcoming a major limitation of existing therapies. \r\n \r\nResearchers believe the technology could eventually expand beyond periodontal disease treatment to address a broader range of bone and soft-tissue defects. \r\n \r\nExpanding the Potential of Regenerative Medicine \r\n \r\nProfessor Fu’s research group has long explored the therapeutic potential of umbilical cord-derived biomaterials. Previous studies have investigated the use of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to treat pulmonary fibrosis. The latest work shifts the focus toward cell-free regenerative medicine, demonstrating how decellularized umbilical cord matrices can be harnessed to stimulate tissue repair. \r\n \r\nWhile further studies are needed to establish safety, efficacy, and clinical feasibility in humans, the researchers believe the technology represents a promising step toward next-generation regenerative therapies. \r\n \r\nIf future clinical trials confirm these results, the approach could provide a new treatment option for millions of patients affected by periodontal disease and other conditions involving bone loss and tissue degeneration. \r\n \r\nThe research team poses for a group photo with Shuu-Jiun Wang (right), Dean of the NYCU College of Medicine. From left: Dr. Cheng-Fong Chen, Dr. Wen-Liang Lo, graduate student Yu-Heng Cheng, Professor Yu-Show Fu, and Dr. Chang-Ching Yeh.
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1510905342974758912&init=Y","expFile":"Cover image from Biomaterials Science (Vol. 12, Issue 24, 2024)."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU, Academia Sinica, and NTHU Develop “EcoDecibel” Sensors to Map Urban Noise in Real Time","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-05-25","detailContent":"\r\n
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The portable EcoDecibel “small ears” sensors were developed by the research team for real-time urban noise monitoring.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Noise pollution has become an unavoidable part of life in modern cities. From the constant hum of traffic to late-night construction and densely packed residential streets, urban sound is everywhere — yet much of it remains difficult to monitor in real time. \r\n \r\nNow, researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Academia Sinica, and National Tsing Hua University (NTHU) have developed a portable, low-cost sensing system called EcoDecibel that could change how cities understand and manage environmental noise. \r\n \r\nThe lightweight device functions like a network of “small ears” distributed across the city. Installed on roadsides, campuses, and residential buildings, the sensors continuously capture ambient sound levels and transmit the data to cloud-based AI systems that generate real-time noise maps. \r\n \r\n \r\nNoise monitoring map of Sanzhi District, New Taipei City. \r\n \r\nGiving Cities the Ability to Hear \r\n \r\nTraditional noise monitoring typically relies on professional-grade instruments installed at only a limited number of fixed locations. While highly accurate, such systems are expensive to deploy and often unable to fully reflect the complexity of urban soundscapes across different neighborhoods and daily environments. \r\n \r\nTo address this challenge, the research team developed a compact, high-sensitivity sensing module that can be flexibly deployed in public spaces. Because the sensors are inexpensive and portable, multiple units can operate simultaneously across an area, allowing cities to build what researchers describe as a distributed “listening network.” \r\n \r\nPowered by standard mobile battery packs, the devices can be installed almost anywhere — from roadside utility poles to community spaces and school campuses. The collected audio data is transmitted to cloud computing resources provided by Chunghwa Telecom, where AI models analyze sound patterns and generate visualized “noise hotspot” maps for environmental monitoring and urban planning. \r\n \r\nCompared with conventional monitoring equipment that can cost tens or even hundreds of thousands of Taiwan dollars, each EcoDecibel sensor costs only around NT$1,000 (US$30), making large-scale deployment significantly more feasible. The system has already been tested in several districts across northern Taiwan, including Sanzhi in New Taipei City and Linkou, Guishan, and Luzhu in Taoyuan. According to the research team, the lightweight sensors achieved measurement accuracy comparable to Taiwan’s official environmental noise monitoring standards.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nMapping the Health Impact of Noise \r\n \r\nBeyond inconvenience, researchers say environmental noise is increasingly recognized as a public health issue linked to sleep disruption, mental stress, cardiovascular disease risk, and children’s learning performance. \r\n \r\nWen-Chi Pan, director of the Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at NYCU’s College of Medicine and the project’s lead integrator, said the ability to continuously record environmental sound over long periods could provide an important foundation for future health studies and environmental governance. The project was also designed to address a key limitation of traditional monitoring systems: their inability to capture neighborhood-level differences in real time. \r\n \r\n“We wanted to make environmental data closer to people’s real daily lives,” said Ling-Jyh Chen, a research fellow at Academia Sinica’s Institute of Information Science who led the hardware development. Chen noted that the concept resembles Taiwan’s widely recognized “AirBox” PM2.5 monitoring initiative, which drew international attention for its citizen-based environmental sensing model. Like AirBox, EcoDecibel aims to make environmental data more immediate, localized, and accessible to the public. \r\n \r\nInstead of relying on only a few centralized monitoring stations, the distributed sensing approach reveals how noise shifts across neighborhoods and throughout the day. Min-Hsuan Lee, an assistant professor in the PhD Program in Biomedical Intelligent Systems at NTHU and a co-investigator on the project, said the system could help make environmental management “more immediate and more precise.” \r\n \r\nListening to the Future of Cities \r\n \r\nThe EcoDecibel system was developed with additional support from Chunghwa Telecom’s smart analytics platform and cloud computing infrastructure, as well as technical assistance from the Optoelectronics Research Laboratories at Industrial Technology Research Institute. \r\n \r\nAs cities worldwide continue to seek more sustainable and data-driven approaches to environmental management, the researchers hope that networks of these “small ears” can eventually expand into more communities — helping to make urban noise easier to understand, visualize, and manage. \r\n \r\nFrom left: Min-Hsuan Lee, assistant professor in the PhD Program in Biomedical Intelligent Systems at NTHU; Wen-Chi Pan, director of the Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at NYCU; and Ling-Jyh Chen, research fellow at the Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1508367402763554816&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Study Links IVF Births to Higher Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in Children","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-05-19","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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As assisted reproductive technologies become increasingly common worldwide, a new study from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) suggests that children conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF) may face a higher risk of congenital heart disease compared with those conceived naturally, with multiple gestations emerging as a key contributing factor. \r\n \r\nThe findings, published in Human Reproduction under the title “Fertility status and risk of pediatric cardiovascular diseases: a population-based nested case-control study,” provide large-scale population evidence that could help inform reproductive medicine practices and future public health policies. \r\n \r\nNationwide Analysis of More Than 1.8 Million Parent-Child Pairs \r\n \r\nThe study was led by Professor Li-Yin Chien of NYCU’s Institute of Community Health Care, College of Nursing, in collaboration with public health researchers across Taiwan. Using Taiwan’s national health databases from 2004 to 2017, the research team analyzed more than 1.8 million parent-child pairs. Children were categorized based on their parents’ fertility status into three groups: natural conception, subfertility, and IVF conception. Researchers then tracked cardiovascular disease outcomes among children from birth to age 13. \r\n \r\nThe results showed that children conceived through IVF, as well as those born to parents with subfertility, had a significantly higher risk of congenital heart disease than naturally conceived children. The findings suggest that underlying fertility-related factors themselves may also influence long-term health outcomes in offspring. By contrast, the study did not observe significant differences in the incidence of other pediatric cardiovascular diseases between the fertility groups. \r\n \r\nMultiple Gestations Identified as a Major Factor \r\n \r\nResearchers further identified multiple gestations as a major mechanism underlying the increased risk. According to the study, more than half of the association between IVF conception and congenital heart disease could be explained by multiple gestations. The findings point to the possible indirect impact of multiple embryo transfer strategies, which are still commonly used in assisted reproductive treatments.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nBased on these results, the research team supports single embryo transfer as a safer reproductive strategy to reduce potential health risks in newborns. The researchers also recommend fetal echocardiography screening for women carrying multiple gestations to enable earlier detection and intervention for congenital heart abnormalities. \r\n \r\nBalancing Awareness Without Causing Panic \r\n \r\nProfessor Chien noted that as assisted reproductive technologies continue to expand globally, the proportion of babies born through IVF is steadily increasing. She said the study’s nationwide analysis offers important evidence to help healthcare professionals and families make more comprehensive assessments during reproductive planning and prenatal care. \r\n \r\nAt the same time, she emphasized that although the relative risk was higher, the overall incidence of congenital heart disease remains relatively low, and parents should not be overly alarmed. The research team plans to continue long-term follow-up studies to better understand whether IVF conception may also influence cardiovascular health later in adulthood. \r\n \r\nProfessor Li-Yin Chien (left) and her research team found that children conceived through IVF may face a higher risk of congenital heart disease than those conceived naturally.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1506193371926892544&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU-Led International Study Finds Early Anti-Herpes Treatment May Reduce Dementia Risk","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-05-11","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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A new international study led by NYCU found that early treatment with anti-herpes antiviral medications may help reduce the risk of dementia.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Cold sores caused by stress, recurring herpes outbreaks, and shingles — commonly known in Taiwan as “皮蛇” — are often seen as temporary but troublesome conditions. Now, a large international study led by researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, and Yuan Ze University suggests that early treatment with anti-herpes antiviral medications may also help protect long-term brain health. The findings, published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease under the title “Anti-herpetic Treatment Reduces Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” provide new evidence supporting a link between chronic viral infection and dementia risk. \r\n \r\nGrowing Evidence Behind the “Infection Hypothesis” \r\n \r\nAccording to the World Alzheimer Report, the global dementia population is projected to exceed 130 million by 2050. Increasingly, researchers have turned their attention to the so-called “infection hypothesis,” which suggests that chronic viral infections may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. \r\n \r\nHuman herpes viruses are among the most widespread latent viruses worldwide. These include herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2), which commonly cause cold sores, and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which causes shingles. Once infected, the viruses remain dormant in the nervous system for life and may reactivate during periods of stress or weakened immunity. \r\n \r\nPrevious studies have detected HSV-1 DNA within amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients, raising concerns that chronic viral infection and immune responses may accelerate brain inflammation, amyloid accumulation, and neuronal damage — all of which are linked to dementia progression. \r\n \r\nCross-National Analysis of More Than 10 Million Older Adults \r\n \r\nThe study was led by Yi-Fang Chuang, together with medical student Syuan-Ting Chang and an interdisciplinary research team. Drawing on large-scale healthcare databases from Taiwan, the United States, the United Kingdom, and six additional countries, the researchers analyzed medical records from more than 10.36 million adults aged 50 and older to examine the association between antiviral medications for herpes and dementia risk.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThe team found that individuals who had received antiviral treatment showed an overall reduction in dementia risk of approximately 10%. Among patients with clinically confirmed herpes virus infections and more pronounced symptoms, early antiviral intervention was associated with a risk reduction of up to 23%. \r\n \r\nResearchers believe repeated herpes virus reactivation may continuously trigger neuroinflammatory responses, gradually damaging brain function over time and acting as a hidden contributor to dementia development. By suppressing viral activity during the early stages of infection, antiviral medications may help reduce neurological damage and provide a potential protective effect against dementia. \r\n \r\nToward Future Dementia Prevention Strategies \r\n \r\nAlthough the study is observational, the consistency of the findings across multiple countries provides strong real-world evidence for a link between viral infection and dementia risk. \r\n \r\nThe research team hopes that future clinical trials will further evaluate whether combining antiviral therapies, vaccination strategies, and high-risk screening programs could form a more comprehensive dementia prevention framework. \r\n \r\nYi-Fang Chuang (left), professor in NYCU’s Master’s Program in Public Health, and medical student Syuan-Ting Chang pose for a photo following the research collaboration.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1503641015012036608&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Matsu’s “Blue Tears” Inspire NYCU Breakthrough in Next-Generation Luminescent Materials","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-05-06","detailContent":"\r\n
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The silicone material was found to emit blue fluorescence under compression or stretching, showing potential future applications in optoelectronic displays, biomedical imaging sensors, and wearable devices.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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The glowing blue waves known as the “Blue Tears” of the Matsu Islands attract thousands of visitors each year, turning Taiwan’s offshore coastline into a dreamlike sea of light. Now, the natural phenomenon has inspired researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) to develop a new class of non-toxic, heavy-metal-free luminescent materials that could pave the way for future display, sensing, and wearable technologies. \r\n \r\nThe study was led by Associate Professor Ming-Chia Li from NYCU’s Department of Biological Science and Technology. Inspired by the mysterious blue glow produced by marine microorganisms, Li’s team discovered a soft, transparent silicone material capable of emitting blue fluorescence when stretched or compressed. The findings were published in the international journal JACS Au as part of a collaborative study between NYCU and Associate Professor Tomoyasu Hirai’s research team at Osaka Institute of Technology in Japan. \r\n
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\r\nAssociate Professor Ming-Chia Li demonstrates the luminescent silicone material in his laboratory at NYCU. \r\n \r\nA Serendipitous Discovery Inspired by Nature \r\n \r\nThe breakthrough emerged unexpectedly during laboratory testing. While experimenting with newly developed silicone-based materials, graduate students in Li’s lab noticed that the flexible material began emitting light under mechanical stress. The phenomenon immediately reminded the researchers of Matsu’s iconic Blue Tears — a natural bioluminescent display created when microscopic marine organisms emit light after being disturbed by ocean waves. \r\n \r\nUnlike traditional luminescent materials, the silicone itself does not inherently glow. Instead, fluorescence is generated when specific molecules within the material come into closer proximity, forming clustered structures.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nLi’s team compared the process to dancers gathering on a ballroom floor. As the molecules gradually approach one another, they rotate and move in coordinated patterns like a waltz, allowing light to emerge and travel through the material. Researchers say the mechanism represents an entirely new strategy for producing light, opening the door to flexible, environmentally friendly optical materials. \r\n \r\nToward Glasses-Free 3D Displays and Wearable Devices \r\n \r\nOne of the material’s most significant features is its ability to generate circularly polarized light (CPL), a key technology widely regarded as critical for next-generation 3D imaging and advanced display systems. The research team said the soft, stretchable material could eventually be applied to optoelectronic displays, biomedical imaging sensors, and wearable electronics. \r\n \r\nCurrent 3D display systems typically rely on external glasses to create depth perception. CPL-based materials, however, can emit rotating light directly, potentially enabling more natural and immersive three-dimensional visuals without additional viewing equipment. Researchers also noted that the technology could help reduce energy consumption while enabling future electronic devices to become thinner, lighter, and more flexible. \r\n \r\nThe study highlights Taiwan’s growing capabilities in advanced polymer and optical materials research while pointing toward new possibilities for sustainable display technologies and next-generation biosensing applications. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Ming-Chia Li and members of his research team at NYCU. The study was conducted in collaboration with researchers from Osaka Institute of Technology in Japan.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1501432767689265152&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Study Finds Belly Fat May Signal Hidden Heart Failure Risk—Even at Normal Weight","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-04-23","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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An NYCU study finds that visceral fat may drive systemic inflammation, accounting for approximately 25% to 33% of the increased risk of heart failure over time.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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A research team led by Professor Hao-Min Cheng of the College of Medicine at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has found that where fat is stored in the body—rather than how much a person weighs—may be a critical predictor of heart failure risk. The findings show that abdominal fat can significantly increase the likelihood of developing heart failure, even among individuals with a normal body mass index (BMI). The study was presented at the American Heart Association EPI|Lifestyle Scientific Sessions 2026 in Boston. \r\n \r\nWaist Size Outperforms BMI in Predicting Heart Failure Risk \r\n \r\nThe study analyzed data from the Jackson Heart Study—one of the largest long-term cohort studies of cardiovascular health among African American populations in the United States—covering 1,998 adult participants. The findings showed that abdominal fat was more strongly associated with heart failure risk than overall body weight. Individuals with larger waist circumferences or higher waist-to-height ratios faced increased risk—even when their BMI remained within a healthy range. \r\n \r\n“These findings suggest that BMI alone may not be enough to identify individuals at risk,” said Szu-Han Chen, lead author of the study and a medical student at NYCU. “Monitoring waist size may provide a more sensitive and accessible way to detect hidden cardiovascular risk early.” \r\n \r\nInflammation Drives Risk from Abdominal Fat \r\n \r\nResearchers identified inflammation as a major biological pathway connecting abdominal fat and heart failure. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers were associated with a higher likelihood of developing heart failure over time, accounting for approximately one-quarter to one-third of the observed risk.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThe findings are consistent with previous research from the American Heart Association, which highlights systemic inflammation as a key contributor to cardiovascular disease. \r\n \r\nImplications for Early Detection and Prevention \r\n \r\nOver a median follow-up period of 6.9 years, 112 participants in the study developed heart failure. Higher levels of abdominal fat and inflammation were consistently associated with increased risk, while BMI alone showed no significant predictive value. \r\n \r\nThe results suggest that incorporating simple measures such as waist circumference into routine health assessments could improve early detection of cardiovascular risk—particularly for individuals who may appear healthy based on BMI alone. \r\n \r\nWhile further research is needed to explore specific subtypes of heart failure and potential interventions, the study underscores a clear message: the number on the scale may not tell the full story—your waistline could be a more important indicator of future heart health.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1496506402007420928&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Develops Humidity-Resistant Catalyst to Tackle Ozone Pollution in Subtropical Climates","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-04-22","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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A humidity-resistant catalyst developed by NYCU efficiently converts harmful ozone (O₃) into oxygen (O₂) even in indoor environments, overcoming the performance limitations caused by moisture.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Spring and autumn mark peak ozone seasons in Taiwan, when prolonged exposure to elevated ozone levels is linked to increased risks of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Yet many conventional ozone-decomposing catalysts lose effectiveness in humid environments—a critical limitation in subtropical regions. \r\n \r\nNow, a research team led by Professor Kuo-Pin Yu at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has developed a novel humidity-resistant catalyst capable of efficiently breaking down ozone even under high-moisture conditions, offering a promising solution tailored to Taiwan’s climate. \r\n
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\r\nGraphical illustration of a MOF-derived carbon-supported CeO₂/Co/Co₃O₄ heterojunction for humidity-resistant ozone removal. The catalyst maintains ~99% O₃ removal at 50% RH and ~92% efficiency at 75% RH, enabled by carbon protection and defect-rich active sites that promote O₃ adsorption, activation, and decomposition. \r\n \r\nFrom Protective Shield to Hidden Pollutant \r\n \r\nOzone is often associated with the protective layer in the upper atmosphere. At ground level, however, it is a harmful secondary pollutant formed when emissions react under sunlight. As daylight hours lengthen in spring and ultraviolet radiation intensifies, photochemical reactions accelerate ozone formation. \r\n \r\nThese ozone molecules can infiltrate indoor spaces through air circulation. In addition, modern office equipment such as laser printers can act as unexpected indoor sources of ozone, further elevating exposure risks. \r\n \r\nAccording to the World Health Organization, the recommended maximum for an eight-hour average ozone concentration is 100 micrograms per cubic meter. However, indoor environments such as offices and classrooms frequently exceed this threshold. \r\n \r\nOvercoming the Humidity Barrier \r\n \r\nAmong existing ozone mitigation strategies, catalytic decomposition is considered one of the most effective. However, moisture has long been a major obstacle, as water molecules tend to occupy active sites on catalysts, significantly reducing their efficiency.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nTo address this challenge, Professor Yu’s team turned to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)—nanoporous crystalline materials composed of metal clusters and organic linkers. Known for their exceptionally high surface area, tunable pore sizes, and versatile chemical properties, MOFs have attracted global attention for applications ranging from energy storage and gas separation to catalysis and water desalination. \r\n \r\nA “Water-Repellent Jacket” for Catalysts \r\n \r\nThe team employed an advanced “MOF-on-MOF” strategy, assembling two distinct MOF structures like building blocks and coating the composite with a protective carbon layer. This design allows electrons to move efficiently within the material while preventing water molecules from occupying active catalytic sites. \r\n \r\nExperimental results show that the new catalyst achieves a 99% ozone removal rate at room temperature and 50% relative humidity. Even under 75% humidity, it maintains an impressive 92% efficiency. \r\n \r\nProfessor Yu likened the innovation to “wearing a water-repellent jacket,” explaining that the carbon coating shields the catalyst from moisture while also enhancing electrical conductivity, which facilitates the activation of oxygen molecules. This dual function enables stable ozone decomposition even in Taiwan’s hot and humid environment. \r\n \r\nToward Real-World Applications \r\n \r\nLooking ahead, the research team envisions broad applications for the technology. Potential uses include integration into air purifiers, deployment in hospitals, schools, and public transportation systems, and incorporation into building ventilation and filtration systems. \r\n \r\nBy bridging advanced materials science with real-world environmental challenges, the breakthrough underscores NYCU’s role in developing practical solutions for healthier living environments in a changing climate. \r\n \r\nProfessor Kuo-Pin Yu (left) and Master’s student An-Yu Wang from the Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1496414120344293376&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Study Identifies Key Gene Linking Gut Microbiota, Circadian Rhythm, and Metabolic Disease","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-04-12","detailContent":"\r\n\r\n
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The gut is not only a digestive organ—it also influences systemic metabolism and immune function through the “gut–liver axis.”
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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A research team at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) identified a key gene, Nfil3, that regulates liver immunity and metabolism under high-fat diet stress, offering new insights into fatty liver disease, obesity, and related disorders. \r\n \r\nBuilding on this discovery, the team led by Assistant Professor Li-Ling Wu of NYCU’s Institute of Physiology and Microbiota Research Center published their findings in the Journal of Translational Medicine. \r\n \r\nA Molecular Switch in the Gut–Liver Axis \r\n \r\nExpanding on these insights, Wu’s team demonstrated that Nfil3 is a critical regulator within the so-called “gut–liver axis,” a biological pathway through which the gut microbiota communicates with the liver to influence systemic metabolism and immune responses. \r\n \r\n“The gut is not just a digestive organ—it is a central hub of the immune system,” Wu said. “When the gut is out of balance, the effects extend far beyond digestion, impacting the entire body.” \r\n \r\nModern lifestyle factors—like high-fat diets and irregular sleep—destabilize this system. The study finds that Nfil3 integrates signals from both diet and disrupted biological clocks, shaping the body’s response to metabolic stress. \r\n \r\nGene Deletion Reduces Obesity and Liver Fat \r\n \r\nIn experimental models, the researchers observed that removing Nfil3 led to striking metabolic improvements. Even when fed a high-fat diet, mice lacking the gene showed reduced weight gain, more stable blood glucose levels, and lower liver fat accumulation. \r\n \r\nThese results highlight Nfil3's active role in promoting obesity and fatty liver disease when the body faces metabolic stress. \r\n \r\nProbiotics Show Similar Protective Effects \r\n \r\nThe study found a promising therapy: multi-strain probiotics, such as VSL#3, improved gut microbiota—boosting good bacteria and reducing those linked to inflammation.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThe metabolic effects of probiotic supplementation resembled those observed in Nfil3-deficient models. \r\n \r\n“This indicates that gut microbes can remotely regulate systemic metabolism through this key pathway,” Wu explained. \r\n \r\nToward Precision Treatment of Metabolic Disease \r\n \r\nThis research reveals that gut microbiota, circadian rhythms, and immune metabolism connect through Nfil3, advancing our understanding of metabolic disease mechanisms. \r\n \r\nWu described Nfil3 as a master "control switch" that integrates both dietary and biological clock signals to affect health. \r\n \r\nLooking ahead, she said, the treatment of metabolic diseases may move beyond conventional dietary interventions toward more precise strategies that target the gut microbiota and restore healthy biological rhythms. \r\n \r\n“Future therapies will focus on how to rebalance the body’s internal ecosystem,” Wu said, “and regain control over metabolic health.” \r\n \r\nAssistant Professor Li-Ling Wu (front row, center) and her research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1494201129108508672&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"From Rocket Science to Wound Care: NYCU Prof. Jong-Shinn Wu Translates Aerospace Plasma Tech into Biomedical Breakthrough","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-04-07","detailContent":"\r\n
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A group photo of Jong-Shinn Wu and his research team.
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Edited by Chance Lai
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Known in Taiwan as the “Rocket Uncle,” Jong-Shinn Wu—Director General of the Taiwan Space Agency (TASA) and a professor of mechanical engineering at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU)—is bringing aerospace-grade innovation back down to Earth. \r\n \r\nIn his latest cross-disciplinary breakthrough, Wu and his research team have successfully adapted low-temperature plasma technology—originally developed for aerospace applications—into the biomedical field. By integrating plasma science with micro- and nano-bubble technology, the team has developed a novel system capable of both sterilizing and accelerating the healing of chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers and pressure sores. \r\n \r\nA “Rocket-Grade” Solution for Chronic Wounds \r\n \r\nThe patented technology, known as a “dual-module plasma microbubble water system,” introduces a two-stage therapeutic mechanism: sterilization followed by tissue regeneration. \r\n \r\nIn the first stage, oxygen-based reactive species, such as ozone (O₃), effectively suppress harmful pathogens. In the second stage, nitrogen-based reactive species, such as nitric oxide (NO), promote tissue repair and regeneration. This dual-action process enables a “one-step” solution for both infection control and wound healing, as researchers describe. \r\n \r\nThe innovation is particularly promising for difficult-to-treat chronic wounds, offering the potential to improve clinical care and patient recovery outcomes. \r\n \r\nBreaking Through the Limits of Conventional Plasma Technology \r\n \r\nPlasma technology has long been widely used in aerospace engineering, particularly in coating processes for rockets and satellites. Wu, who has spent years advancing plasma applications at NYCU, began exploring its biomedical potential after encountering micro- and nano-bubble technologies during his research. \r\n \r\nConventional plasma-activated water systems typically rely on oxygen-based reactive species, which provide strong antibacterial effects but are limited in broader biomedical applications. To overcome this constraint, Wu’s team pioneered a “dual-mode dynamic plasma” system that combines both oxygen- and nitrogen-based reactive species.
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\r\n \r\nBy precisely controlling the ratio of these reactive components, the system can generate tailored compositions suited for different applications. When integrated with micro- and nano-bubble water, the result is a biocompatible and highly versatile platform for medical use. \r\n \r\nBeyond Wound Care: Expanding Applications Across Industries \r\n \r\nBeyond chronic wound treatment, the technology demonstrates significant cross-sector potential. Possible applications include dermatological therapies, aesthetic medicine, and health maintenance, as well as high-standard sterilization processes for food and agricultural products. \r\n \r\nThe development highlights the growing role of plasma technology not only in aerospace, but also in healthcare and industrial innovation. \r\n \r\nBridging Space Technology and Human Health \r\n \r\nFrom rocket propulsion systems to human-centered medical care, Wu’s work exemplifies how advanced technologies can be translated across disciplines to address real-world challenges. \r\n \r\nLooking ahead, the NYCU team plans to accelerate technology transfer and expand industry-academia collaboration, aiming to bring biomedical plasma applications into clinical and commercial use—turning “rocket-grade” innovation into tangible healthcare solutions. \r\n \r\nNYCU Professor Jong-Shinn Wu extends his expertise beyond aerospace, translating plasma technology into innovative solutions for wound care
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1491061424527511552&init=Y","expFile":"The research team demonstrates the generation of plasma-activated microbubble water."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Study Redefines Battery Design, Boosting Capacity by 167% for Next-Generation EVs","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2026-03-30","detailContent":"\r\n
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Electric vehicle (EV) battery life and charging speed remain among the most critical concerns for consumers worldwide. Now, a research team at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has unveiled a breakthrough that could reshape the future of battery technology. \r\n \r\nLed by Professor Yu-Sheng Su of NYCU’s International College of Semiconductor Technology, the team has developed a novel lithium-ion battery design that increases capacity by 167%, offering a promising new direction for EV power systems and large-scale energy storage applications. The study has been published in the international journal Small Structures. \r\n \r\nRethinking a “Safe but Limited” Battery Material \r\n \r\nAt the heart of the breakthrough is lithium titanate (LTO, Li₄Ti₅O₁₂)—a material long regarded as one of the safest anode options in lithium-ion batteries. \r\n \r\nUnlike many conventional battery materials, LTO undergoes almost no volume expansion during charging and discharging. This structural stability translates into exceptional cycle life and thermal safety, making it particularly suitable for applications that require frequent, fast charging, such as electric transportation and grid-scale energy storage. \r\n \r\nHowever, LTO has historically faced a major limitation: low energy density, which means it can store less energy than other materials, restricting its adoption in EV markets. \r\n \r\nChallenging a Core Assumption in Battery Design \r\n \r\nSeeking to overcome this limitation, Professor Su’s team at the BEST Lab (Battery Energy Semiconductor Technology Lab) revisited a fundamental assumption in lithium-ion battery design: that the electrolyte must contain lithium ions for the battery to function. Their findings challenge this long-held belief. \r\n \r\nThe researchers demonstrated, for the first time systematically, that LTO can operate effectively even in a sodium-ion electrolyte—without lithium ions present in the electrolyte itself. Under specific conditions, the battery exhibited enhanced capacity, improved cycling stability, and superior rate performance compared to conventional lithium-based systems.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nA Subtle Structural Shift Unlocks Higher Capacity \r\n \r\nAccording to Su, the key lies in a hybrid design combining lithium metal with a sodium-ion electrolyte. \r\n \r\nWhile lithium ions remain the primary charge carriers responsible for energy storage, sodium ions play a crucial supporting role. A small number of sodium ions enter the LTO crystal structure, causing a slight and reversible lattice expansion. \r\n \r\nThis process is like creating extra space on a tightly packed bookshelf—making it easier to insert and remove books. Similarly, the expanded lattice allows lithium ions to move more freely, increasing the material’s overall storage capacity without compromising its inherent stability. \r\n \r\nImplications for EVs and Energy Systems \r\n \r\nThe innovation offers a rare combination of advantages: high safety, long lifespan, fast charging capability, and significantly increased capacity. Beyond performance gains, the approach may also deliver economic benefits. Compared to lithium, sodium is more abundant and cost-stable, suggesting that partially replacing lithium salts in electrolytes could reduce long-term costs and ease supply chain pressures—particularly for large-scale batteries and energy storage systems. \r\n \r\nAs the global push toward electrification accelerates, the NYCU study provides a compelling glimpse into how rethinking fundamental design principles can unlock the next generation of energy technologies. \r\n \r\nProfessor Yu-Sheng Su (right, first) with his laboratory research team.
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Many people in Taiwan are aware that hepatitis B and C viruses are major risk factors for liver cancer. However, new research shows that even individuals without these infections may still face a significantly increased risk—driven by genetic variation. \r\n \r\nA research team led by Professor Mei-Hsuan Lee at the Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), has uncovered critical genetic factors linked to liver cancer risk in non-viral populations. By integrating data from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI), Taiwan Biobank, and the Taiwan Liver Cancer Network (TLCN), the team analyzed genomic, clinical, and longitudinal health data from more than 70,000 Taiwanese adults. The study was published in the international journal JHEP Reports. \r\n \r\nGenetic variants linked to up to a threefold increase in risk \r\n \r\nThe study identified variants in the PNPLA3 and SAMM50 genes as significant contributors to liver cancer susceptibility. Individuals carrying multiple risk variants were found to have a 2.6 to 3.4 times higher likelihood of developing liver cancer over time. \r\n \r\nImportantly, the findings challenge long-standing assumptions about liver cancer risk. Even in the absence of fatty liver disease—a condition often associated with metabolic dysfunction—these genetic variants independently elevated cancer risk. \r\n \r\n“Liver cancer is no longer just a viral disease,” said Prof. Lee. “Our findings highlight that genetic and metabolic pathways play equally critical roles. In the future, genetic risk profiling could be incorporated into public health strategies for early identification and prevention.”
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\r\n \r\n \r\nOne of Asia’s largest studies on non-viral liver cancer \r\n \r\nThe study is among the few globally—and one of the largest in Asia—to specifically examine liver cancer risk in individuals without hepatitis B or C infection. By excluding viral cases and focusing on so-called “non-viral liver cancer,” the researchers were able to establish a clearer understanding of genetic susceptibility. \r\n \r\nWith nearly a decade of follow-up data, the study provides robust longitudinal evidence with both clinical and public health relevance, laying the groundwork for more precise risk prediction models. \r\n \r\nCross-institutional collaboration showcases Taiwan’s precision medicine strength \r\n \r\nThe research was led by NYCU’s Institute of Clinical Medicine, in collaboration with Academia Sinica, the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative, the Taiwan Biobank, the Taiwan Liver Cancer Network, and multiple medical centers. \r\n \r\nThe study highlights Taiwan’s global competitiveness in integrating large-scale biobank resources, data science, and precision medicine.
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From left: Professors Wen-Hsiao Peng, Teng-Hu Cheng, Lua Kim Boon, and Jen-Hui Chuang.
A cross-disciplinary research team led by Professor Jen-Hui Chuang of the Department of Computer Science at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), along with Professors Lua Kim Boon, Teng-Hu Cheng, and Wen-Hsiao Peng, won the 2025 "Future Tech Award" for their "High-Efficiency Distributed Electric Propulsion Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) UAV Technology." \r\n \r\nThis technology is a core output of the Ministry of Science and Technology's "Resilient Homeland – Smart Safety Environment and Disaster Prevention System Constructed with Smart UAVs" project. It not only enhances the UAV's endurance and stability but also opens up new possibilities for Urban Air Mobility (UAM) and disaster response applications. \r\n \r\nBreaking Traditional Design Frameworks: Innovative Propulsion Technology Enhances Flight Efficiency \r\n \r\nThe team broke through the design limitation of traditional Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) UAVs, which require two separate propulsion systems, by proposing a "Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP)" architecture. The system combines controllable pitch propeller modules with a servo control mechanism, enabling a single platform to perform multi-mode flight, including takeoff, hovering, transition, and high-speed cruising. This significantly reduces structural weight, lowers drag, and improves energy efficiency. This innovation demonstrates Taiwan's independent R&D capabilities in high-level aerodynamic control. \r\n \r\nIn wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations, the wake generated by the distributed propellers guides the airflow to closely adhere to the main wing surface, delaying boundary layer separation and suppressing stall, resulting in a more than three-fold increase in the lift coefficient. The team further optimized propeller size and configuration to improve the lift-to-drag ratio and flow field uniformity. The counter-rotating wingtip design weakens vortices and reduces induced drag, making the overall flight more stable and energy-efficient. \r\n
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AI Smart Control: Making UAVs Smarter and Safer \r\n
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In addition to structural innovation, the team incorporated an AI sensing and decision-making system, enabling the UAV to possess real-time environmental awareness and autonomous flight capabilities. The system can dynamically adjust the thrust direction and rotational speed distribution based on airflow changes and mission requirements to maintain a stable flight attitude, making it particularly suitable for sudden weather changes or complex terrain. Intelligent control allows the UAV to perform high-risk tasks in disaster sites or low-altitude urban environments, balancing safety and efficiency. \r\n \r\nModular design is another key feature. Each propulsion module can be independently controlled and quickly maintained, allowing for flexible configuration adjustments based on mission payload, giving it high expandability and cross-platform integration potential. The all-electric drive structure also boasts advantages such as low noise, zero emissions, and simple maintenance, aligning with global net-zero and green aviation development trends.
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Multi-Domain Applications: From Smart Cities to Disaster Relief \r\n
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This technology, with its advantages of high endurance, high stability, and multi-mode control, can be widely applied in fields such as Urban Air Mobility, disaster relief, and energy inspection.
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Urban Air Mobility (UAM): It can serve as a core vehicle for short-range shuttle services, air taxis, and low-altitude logistics, offering both low noise and high safety features.
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Disaster Response: The system can autonomously identify mission requirements and quickly deploy to areas with disrupted traffic or difficult terrain to perform aerial photography, transportation, and communication tasks.
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Inspections and Monitoring: This technology can also support smart agriculture and energy facility inspection, carrying sensors and AI edge computing modules for farmland monitoring, crop analysis, wind farm, and power tower inspection. Furthermore, it can combine GPS and visual navigation for high-efficiency patrol and material transport in remote areas and national defense monitoring missions, showcasing the potential for Taiwan's independent disaster prevention technology applications.
This technology was granted an invention patent (Certificate No.: TWI890115B) by the Intellectual Property Office in July 2025, titled "Fixed-Wing UAV and its Propeller Assembly." The system uses a servo motor to drive a rod mechanism, axially rotating to adjust the propeller direction, automatically changing the thrust vector according to different flight modes. The propeller modules are distributed along the wing's leading edge and can instantaneously fine-tune their angle based on airflow conditions, providing both energy-saving and stability benefits. This innovative structure breaks the limitations of fixed-wing UAVs in VTOL and transition flight, laying the core foundation for the team's "Distributed Electric Propulsion" system \r\n
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Cross-Disciplinary Integration: Building a Next-Generation Smart Flight Platform \r\n \r\nThis team, integrating expertise from computer science, mechanical design, control systems, and artificial intelligence, showcases NYCU's R&D strength in cross-disciplinary innovation. The team's core philosophy is "to propel a green aviation future with intelligence," hoping to establish a practical technology platform for next-generation air mobility and disaster response applications through innovative distributed propulsion and AI decision-making systems. \r\n \r\nFrom Research to Practice: Opening a New Chapter in Green Aviation \r\n \r\nWinning the "Future Tech Award" not only affirms NYCU's R&D achievements in smart aviation and AI applications but also symbolizes the campus's research energy moving towards practical application and international alignment. The technology provides a critical solution for next-generation smart air transport, and is expected to have a far-reaching impact in diverse fields such as urban traffic, disaster relief, energy monitoring, and sustainable development.
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The study confirms that various forms of abdominal massage can help promote bowel movements. (Image: AI-generated)
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\r\nEdited by Chance Lai
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After festive meals and long periods of sitting, many people experience an uncomfortable but common problem: constipation. New research from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), now published in the International Journal of Nursing Studies, suggests that a simple daily habit—regular abdominal massage—may be an effective, low-risk way to improve bowel function and reduce bloating. \r\n \r\nConstipation as a widespread but overlooked health burden \r\n \r\nConstipation affects an estimated 15% to 25% of adults in Taiwan. Among people aged 65 and older, roughly 40% live with chronic constipation, a condition that can significantly diminish quality of life. \r\n \r\nA research team led by Li-Yin Chien, Dean of NYCU’s College of Nursing, working with doctoral researcher Shiou-Yun Huang, found that multiple forms of abdominal massage can help relieve symptoms. Whether performed by hand in a clockwise circular motion, through acupressure techniques, or using an electric massager, the interventions were associated with measurable improvement. \r\n \r\nTheir findings are based on a systematic review of international studies that compare massage approaches and evaluate outcomes such as bowel frequency, intestinal transit time, and symptom relief. The analysis concluded that abdominal massage can shorten the time food remains in the digestive tract and alleviate discomfort associated with bloating and difficult bowel movements. \r\n \r\nThe strongest effects were observed in functional constipation, followed by medication-induced constipation and constipation related to neurological bowel disorders. \r\n \r\nA low-risk alternative to medication \r\n \r\nUnlike laxatives or stool softeners, abdominal massage has no known adverse effects and can be safely performed at home. The researchers recommend approximately 15 minutes of daily massage for individuals with persistent constipation. For patients who rely heavily on medication, the technique offers a scientifically supported and accessible complementary option. \r\n \r\nThe study provides an evidence base for incorporating abdominal massage into both clinical care and home health routines. Chien said all three massage approaches demonstrated significant benefit, allowing individuals and caregivers to choose the most convenient method. For patients unable to take long-term medication, massage may serve as a safe and effective alternative.
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\r\n \r\nHuang, now a lecturer in nursing at Asia University, added that the research can be translated into educational materials to help healthcare professionals teach patients and families practical self-care strategies. However, the team cautions that people who have undergone abdominal surgery, are pregnant, or are experiencing acute abdominal pain should consult a medical professional before attempting massage. \r\n \r\nBringing massage into clinical and home care \r\n \r\nThe researchers report that their work supports the integration of abdominal massage into routine patient education and preventive care. Because the technique is simple and inexpensive, it can be adopted in hospitals, long-term care facilities, and home settings alike. \r\n \r\nBy equipping patients and families with non-drug self-care tools, healthcare systems may reduce dependence on medication while improving daily comfort — an especially meaningful shift for aging populations managing multiple chronic conditions. \r\n \r\nAging societies and everyday solutions \r\n \r\nAs Taiwan’s population ages and the prevalence of chronic diseases increases, identifying natural and safe approaches to support digestive health is an increasingly important public health priority. \r\n \r\nThe researchers report that their findings transform a simple, everyday action into an evidence-based tool for improving comfort and quality of life, illustrating how small, practical interventions can play a powerful role in modern healthcare. \r\n \r\nThe study was conducted by Li-Yin Chien (right), Dean of the College of Nursing, and Shiou-Yun Huang (left), a doctoral researcher who is now a lecturer in nursing at Asia University.
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The findings show that prolonged targeted therapy in patients with head and neck cancer can heighten tumor alertness, reducing the effectiveness of subsequent immunotherapy. \r\n(Image: positron emission tomography scan of a patient with head and neck cancer.)
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\r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Immunotherapy has been hailed as a breakthrough in cancer treatment, earning global recognition with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. But new research from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) reveals a sobering reality: under sustained treatment pressure, cancer cells do not simply weaken — they adapt, learn, and fight back. \r\n \r\nA research team from the Institute of Clinical Medicine at NYCU has found that cancer cells exposed to long-term targeted therapy can develop heightened “stress resilience,” enabling them to evade subsequent immunotherapy. The findings help explain why many patients with head and neck cancer fail to achieve the expected outcomes when immunotherapy is administered after prolonged targeted treatment. The study, titled “Therapeutic stress triggers tumor STAT1 acetylation to disarm immunotherapy,” was published in Cell Reports Medicine.\r\n\r\n
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Members of the research team (from left): Kuan-Chen Lai, a graduate student at the Institute of Clinical Medicine; Professor Muh-Hwa Yang; and Dr. Po-Hsien Chiu. \r\n \r\nHow treatment pressure reshapes the tumor microenvironment \r\n \r\nBy closely analyzing tumor behavior under extended targeted therapy, the researchers uncovered a critical mechanism behind immunotherapy resistance. Rather than remaining vulnerable, cancer cells respond to prolonged drug pressure by rapidly remodeling the tumor microenvironment. In some cases, they actively shut down signaling pathways that would normally activate immune cells, effectively rendering immunotherapy ineffective. \r\n \r\nAt the core of this adaptive response is the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). When targeted drugs chronically suppress tumors, they begin to secrete large amounts of TNF-α, which interferes with STAT1 — a key regulator that activates interferon-driven anti-tumor genes. This disruption leads to a phenomenon known as “interferon-gamma fatigue,” in which immune cells gradually lose their ability to recognize and attack cancer cells. \r\n \r\nA second escape route: silencing immune cells directly \r\n \r\nIn a separate but complementary study published in Advanced Science, the NYCU team collaborated with Academia Sinica Academician Mien-Chie Hung to uncover another immune-evasion strategy used by cancer cells. The researchers identified RNase1, an enzyme secreted by tumors, that directly suppresses the activity of T cells and other immune cells.
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\r\n \r\nThis mechanism was observed across multiple cancer types — including breast cancer, liver cancer, and head and neck cancer — suggesting that RNase1 is a cross-cancer immune escape factor with broad clinical significance. \r\n \r\nCancer cells that adapt, not surrender \r\n \r\nTaken together, the two studies paint a clear picture of cancer as a highly adaptive system. Under therapeutic pressure, cancer cells do not merely passively resist treatment. Instead, they actively reprogram immune signaling pathways, secrete proteins that weaken immune attacks, and learn how to survive in increasingly hostile environments. \r\n \r\n“Cancer cells grow under pressure,” the researchers noted, demonstrating an evolutionary resilience that challenges current treatment strategies. \r\n \r\nTurning resistance into clinical insight \r\n \r\nDespite the sobering findings, the research also offers a path forward. Understanding how tumors adapt under treatment pressure provides clinicians with valuable guidance for optimizing treatment sequencing, combination therapies, and biomarker-driven decision-making. \r\n \r\n“Immunotherapy represents a major milestone in cancer treatment, but overcoming resistance remains one of the greatest clinical challenges,” said Professor Muh-Hwa Yang of NYCU, a senior author of the studies. “By understanding how tumors adapt under therapeutic stress, we may be able to use biomarkers to guide treatment order and combination strategies — ultimately improving the success rate of immunotherapy.” \r\n \r\nThe findings underscore the importance of viewing cancer treatment not as a single intervention, but as a dynamic process — one in which timing, sequencing, and biological context may determine success or failure. \r\n \r\nSTAT1 plays a critical role in immunotherapy efficacy, and its acetylation status may serve as an important biomarker for predicting immunotherapy response.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1460667992076455936&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Study Reveals Real-Name Users May Be More Likely to Commit Online Exclusion","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-12-19","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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\r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Is anonymous trolling really the main culprit of online bullying? New research from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) suggests the answer is more complicated. A research team at NYCU’s Institute of Education has found that exclusionary cyberbullying does not only occur in anonymous settings. In fact, individuals using their real names may be even more likely to exclude others in online interactions, overturning long-held public assumptions that anonymity is what “makes people cruel.” \r\n \r\nReal Names Don’t Stop Cyberbullying \r\n \r\nLed by Professor Yih-Lan Liu, the research team observed common exclusion-based forms of online aggression — such as removing members from group chats, blocking users, or deliberately ignoring others. These behaviors were especially prevalent among individuals exhibiting high levels of “Dark Triad” personality traits, which in psychology are associated with narcissism, manipulative tendencies, impulsivity, and low empathy. \r\n \r\n
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Professor Yih-Lan Liu of the Institute of Education presents research showing that online bullying can occur even without anonymity. \r\n \r\nThe study recruited 115 adult participants to join LINE discussion groups as part of a social interaction simulation. By introducing controlled conflicts into the discussions, the research team observed which participants were most likely to engage in exclusionary behavior during online interactions. \r\n \r\nStrikingly, the study revealed that individuals high in Dark Triad traits tended to avoid open verbal arguments and instead opted for “direct exclusion”—such as calling for votes to remove a member from the chat simply because of disagreement. Even more unexpected: these exclusion behaviors appeared more frequently under real-name conditions, demonstrating that online aggression does not require anonymity.
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\r\n \r\nDr. Cheng-Yan Wang presents findings on the developmental trajectories and psychological factors related to bullying and aggressive behaviors. \r\n \r\nBeyond Identity Checks: Designing Safer Online Platforms \r\n \r\nThe research team notes that some individuals continue to behave as if they are “unseen” online even when identified by real names, suggesting that the sense of anonymity can function as a psychological driver rather than being imposed solely by platform settings. \r\n \r\nThe findings demonstrate that online exclusion arises from an interaction between personality traits and situational factors, rather than anonymity alone. Professor Liu emphasized that real-name policies alone are insufficient to suppress cyberbullying, urging platforms to strengthen behavior-detection systems, establish transparent group-management rules, and promote user education to enhance online safety. \r\n \r\n“This research reminds us that ensuring respectful online interaction requires more than authentic identity verification,” Liu said. “Understanding individual differences — and designing systems that anticipate them — is key to building healthier digital communities.” \r\n \r\n
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Group photo of the research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1451397194388082688&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and TVGH Announce New Asian Guidelines Lowering Sarcopenia Screening Age to 50","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-12-04","detailContent":"
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NYCU and Taipei Veterans General Hospital co-hosted a press conference to announce updated Asian diagnostic guidelines—from “sarcopenia” to “muscle health”—that lower the recommended screening age to 50.
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\r\nBy Taipei Veterans General Hospital \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Nearly 40% of older adults in Asia face compromised quality of life due to sarcopenia, a progressive loss of muscle strength and mass. Now, a landmark multi-nation study has revealed that muscle deterioration in Asian populations begins far earlier than previously believed—prompting experts to recommend moving routine screening from age 65 to 50. The new consensus, led by Professor Liang-Kung Chen, Superintendent of Taipei City Guandu Hospital and Director of the Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), was published this year in the prestigious journal Nature Aging. \r\n \r\n
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A clinician conducts a handgrip strength test, one of the key indicators used to assess muscle function in the updated Asian sarcopenia guidelines. \r\n \r\nAt a press briefing, Director Chen explained that the findings are based on eight large-scale cohort studies across Japan, Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, and other regions, tracking nearly 35,000 individuals over many years. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia integrated these datasets to build a region-specific evidence base that reflects the unique body composition and aging patterns of Asian populations. \r\n \r\nEarlier, Faster, and Different: What the Data Shows \r\n \r\nSkeletal muscle loss has long been known as a hallmark of aging. Past global studies estimated that adults lose up to 40% of muscle mass between ages 20 and 70, with an annual decline of 1.4–2.5% after age 60. But the new Asia-focused analysis reveals significant differences:
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Muscle strength declines sharply beginning at age 45, with a second major dip around age 70.
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Muscle mass begins to decline significantly at age 55, about a decade earlier than Western-based assumptions suggest.
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Men experience a more pronounced midlife decline compared with men of African or European descent; women begin with lower muscle mass but experience a slower rate of decline.
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Stronger midlife muscle performance can delay deterioration by up to 10 years—for instance, men with handgrip strength of 55 kg or above at age 50 show substantially slower decline.
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These patterns confirm that Western diagnostic thresholds are poorly suited for Asian populations and that early detection is essential.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nA New Consensus for Asia—and a Call to Act Earlier \r\n \r\nDirector Chen emphasized that waiting for both muscle strength and mass to “fall off a cliff” before intervening leads to limited gains, greater frustration, and poorer patient outcomes. The updated Asian diagnostic consensus introduces several significant changes:
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Recommended screening age lowered from 65 to 50.
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Diagnosis now requires both low muscle mass and low muscle strength, replacing older criteria that relied heavily on physical performance tests.
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Simplified assessment procedures, reducing the need for walking-speed or repeated chair-stand tests.
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Integration with the WHO’s Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework, aligning Asia with global healthy-aging strategies.
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\r\nFrom Muscle Health to Whole-Body Health \r\n \r\nRecent scientific advances have shown that skeletal muscle functions as the body’s largest endocrine organ, influencing cardiovascular metabolism, brain function, bone health, adipose regulation, and immune responses. With these broader systemic links in mind, the new consensus emphasizes “muscle health enhancement” beginning in midlife—not only to prevent disability and frailty in later years but also to promote long-term healthy longevity. \r\n \r\nDirector Liang-Kung Chen emphasized that “this is not just about preventing falls in old age,” noting that muscle health in one’s 40s and 50s shapes metabolic well-being, cognitive function, and overall resilience for decades to come. \r\n \r\nAs Asia rapidly transitions into a super-aged society, the updated guidelines offer a unified scientific roadmap to help governments, hospitals, and communities strengthen early intervention, develop preventive programs, and support healthy aging from midlife onward.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1445978716185300992&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and Nobel Laureate Unveil Breakthrough Algorithm to Accelerate Protein Structure Search and Drug Discovery","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-11-25","detailContent":"
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Professor Wei-Cheng Lo (center) meets in person for the first time with 2013 Nobel Chemistry Laureate Professor Arieh Warshel (left) to discuss their collaboration.
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\r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Accurately predicting and comparing protein structures is one of the most critical challenges in modern biotechnology, shaping how scientists understand drug–target interactions and develop new therapeutics. Now, researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have achieved a breakthrough—one that addresses the exploding volume of global protein data and could transform next-generation drug discovery. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Wei-Cheng Lo from NYCU’s Department of Biological Science and Technology, in collaboration with Nobel Laureate in Chemistry Arieh Warshel, has developed SARST2, a high-performance algorithm capable of rapidly searching and comparing protein structures across databases containing hundreds of millions of entries. The study, titled “SARST2: High-throughput and resource-efficient protein structure alignment against massive databases,” was recently published in Nature Communications. \r\n \r\n
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Associate Professor Wei-Cheng Lo discusses SARST2 performance results with his students. \r\n \r\nA New Solution to the AlphaFold Data Explosion \r\n \r\n“The function of a protein is governed by its three-dimensional structure,” Lo explained. “Accurately predicting and comparing these structures has long been a central question in biological science.” \r\n \r\nWhen Google DeepMind’s AlphaFold2 revolutionized structure prediction in 2020, researchers finally had a powerful tool for estimating protein shapes from amino-acid sequences. But the breakthrough created an unexpected problem: \r\nAlphaFold’s large-scale predictions triggered a thousandfold surge in the availability of protein structures, placing unprecedented computational pressure on global bioinformatics research. \r\n \r\nThe scientific community urgently needed a next-generation algorithm—one capable of ultra-fast, large-scale structure comparison. \r\n \r\nSARST2 answers those needs. \r\n \r\nLo’s team combined artificial intelligence with structural computing techniques to build an algorithm that can scan and compare vast structural datasets hundreds to tens of thousands of times faster than previous tools, while using significantly less memory and disk space. Despite its efficiency, SARST2 performs on par with the latest international algorithms.
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\r\n \r\nA Unique Collaboration with a Nobel Laureate \r\n \r\nNobel Chemistry Prize winner Arieh Warshel, a pioneer of computational enzymology and mentor to NYCU’s former College of Engineering and Biotechnology dean, Professor Cheng-Gang Huang, played a direct role in the project. \r\n \r\nLo, who was introduced to computational biology through Huang, still refers to Warshel with respect as his academic “grand-mentor.” After sharing the early algorithm concept with Warshel in 2022, Lo received strong encouragement—and soon, the NYCU team began holding monthly online meetings with the Nobel Laureate. \r\n \r\nThe collaboration not only strengthened the research, Lo said, but also fulfilled a personal mission: \r\n“I have always hoped to train students who can become future leaders. Allowing them to learn directly from a Nobel Prize master dramatically widens their global perspective and academic sensitivity.” \r\n \r\nWorld-Class Output Built with Limited Resources \r\n \r\nDespite the global scale of the problem, Lo emphasized that his team worked under extremely modest conditions. \r\n \r\n“We’re like a group of people wearing straw sandals,” he joked. “We compete with international teams that have massive servers and high-end data centers—yet we do it using home-assembled desktop PCs and a local-brand cooling fan with a broken casing.” \r\n \r\nEven so, the team produced results strong enough for Nature Communications—a testament to Taiwan’s resilience and computational biology talent. \r\n \r\nThe achievement also caught the attention of industry partners. Altos Computing Inc., a subsidiary of Acer Group, stepped forward to provide high-performance Altos AI servers, helping the team establish a stable and efficient remote computing environment for future development. \r\n \r\nNYCU and Altos hope to accelerate collaborative innovation in quantum bioinformatics, biomedical big-data analytics, and protein-based drug discovery—strengthening Taiwan’s global competitiveness in information science, biotechnology, and medicine. \r\n \r\nGroup photo of the Engineering and Computational Biology Laboratory team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1442760481176555520&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1442762338854768640&init=Y","expFile":"Despite limited resources, the team achieved global-level performance with “home-assembled desktop PCs,” attracting industry attention."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"How Cells “Talk” to Their Surroundings: NYCU Study Uncover Liquid Droplet Mechanism Behind Cilia Formation","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-11-05","detailContent":"
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TTBK2 and CEP164 form liquid-like condensates to promote cilia growth (schematic illustration).
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) researchers have unveiled how cells build their microscopic “antenna” — a slender, hair-like structure known as the primary cilium, which plays a crucial role in sensing the environment. The study reveals that two key proteins responsible for cilia formation can fuse, much like liquid droplets, through a process called liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), offering new insights into cellular communication and potential treatments for ciliopathies. The study, titled “Phase separation of TTBK2 and CEP164 is necessary for ciliogenesis,” was published in Cell Reports. \r\n \r\nA Microscopic Antenna That Senses the World \r\n \r\nThe primary cilium, hundreds of times thinner than a human hair, acts as a cell’s radar. When damaged, cells lose their ability to perceive external signals, leading to developmental disorders such as microcephaly and other genetic diseases. While scientists have long known that specific cellular structures and proteins are required for cilia assembly, the mechanism by which certain proteins interact to trigger the process has remained a mystery — until now. \r\n \r\nLed by Professor Won-Jing Wang and Jie-rong Huang from NYCU’s Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the research team used human retinal pigment epithelial cells to investigate how two cilia-associated proteins, TTBK2 and CEP164, interact. They discovered that these proteins do not bind like puzzle pieces or “lock and key” models, which are typical of structured proteins. Instead, they join through LLPS — a biochemical phenomenon where proteins with intrinsically disordered regions attract each other via electrostatic forces to form liquid-like condensates. \r\n \r\nLLPS: A Paradigm Shift in Molecular Biology \r\n \r\n“Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) has only recently gained widespread attention,” said Prof. Huang. “Scientists used to believe that only structured regions of proteins could interact. We now know that even disordered regions can combine through this liquid droplet behavior, redefining how we understand protein organization in cells.”
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\r\n \r\n \r\nProf. Wang added, “Cilia are fascinating organelles. Some types, like the primary cilium, act as sensory antennas — such as those found on retinal cells — while others, like motile cilia, help move cells or fluids, as seen in sperm tails and respiratory tracts. Our discovery provides the first molecular evidence that protein phase separation drives cilia formation.” \r\n \r\nImplications for Neurological and Genetic Disorders \r\n \r\nMutations in the TTBK2 gene are known to cause neurodegenerative conditions such as spinocerebellar ataxia, a form of cerebellar degeneration. The NYCU team’s discovery sheds light on how abnormal phase separation may disrupt cilia assembly, opening a potential pathway toward developing therapeutic strategies for ciliopathies and related diseases. \r\n \r\nThis groundbreaking finding not only deepens our understanding of how cells construct their sensory machinery but also highlights the intricate beauty of biological self-organization — where even shapeless molecules can come together to build life’s most delicate structures. \r\n \r\nProfessors Jie-rong Huang (right) and Won-Jing Wang from the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at NYCU.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1435828710996447232&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1435832171389521920&init=Y","expFile":"Comparative imaging of CEP164 localization at the centriole. The left panel shows abundant CEP164 accumulation at the distal end of the centriole, promoting cilia formation."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU-Led Interdisciplinary Study Identifies Hesperetin as a Cardioprotective Agent That Preserves Doxorubicin’s Anti-Tumor Effect","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-10-27","detailContent":"
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Group photo of the research team. Front row: Prof. Shu-Ling Fu (left) from the Institute of Traditional Medicine and Prof. Ting-Fen Tsai (right) from the DLSIGS.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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An estimated 300,000 to 1.2 million cancer survivors worldwide who were treated with the chemotherapy drug Doxorubicin—nicknamed “Red Berry” for its deep red hue—experience varying degrees of chronic heart failure after overcoming cancer. In a groundbreaking interdisciplinary study, researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), the National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), and Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital have identified a promising solution: hesperetin, a natural flavonoid extracted from citrus peel. \r\n \r\nTheir findings, published in the August 2025 issue of Redox Biology under the title “Activation of CISD2 as a Protective Strategy Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity,” suggest that hesperetin may counteract Doxorubicin’s cardiotoxic effects without compromising its anti-tumor potency. \r\n \r\nDoxorubicin has been a cornerstone in the treatment of breast cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and ovarian cancer for over five decades. However, its well-known cardiotoxicity presents a long-standing clinical dilemma. While one FDA-approved cardioprotective drug exists, it also reduces Doxorubicin’s cancer-killing efficacy, increasing the risk of recurrence. \r\n \r\nThe NYCU-led team discovered that Doxorubicin suppresses the expression of the longevity-associated gene CISD2 in cardiac cells. This suppression disrupts mitochondrial balance and calcium regulation, impairing heart rhythm and contraction. In contrast, hesperetin reactivates CISD2, protecting cardiac cells from damage. \r\n \r\nFrom Serendipity to Breakthrough: A Dual Benefit for the Heart and Tumor Control \r\n \r\nRemarkably, in animal models, hesperetin not only improved heart function in tumor-bearing mice treated with Doxorubicin but also reduced tumor size—highlighting that it does not blunt Doxorubicin’s anticancer efficacy. The cardioprotective effects of hesperetin were further validated using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes provided by Stanford University, reinforcing its potential for clinical application. \r\n \r\nThe idea for this study was sparked by a casual conversation between Prof. Shu-Ling Fu of NYCU’s Institute of Traditional Medicine and Distinguished Prof. Ting-Fen Tsai of the Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences (DLSIGS). \r\n \r\nProf. Fu, who had been searching for natural agents to mitigate chemotherapy-induced side effects, learned that Doxorubicin suppresses CISD2. Prof. Tsai’s team had already identified hesperetin as a CISD2 activator, leading to an interdisciplinary collaboration. \r\n \r\nProf. Tsai noted that CISD2 levels decline with age, and her earlier research had confirmed its vital role in maintaining heart function. She emphasized that hesperetin is not the same as hesperidin, a related compound found in citrus peels. Hesperidin has poor bioavailability and must be metabolized by gut probiotics to become hesperetin—the active form that promotes CISD2.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nSimply eating citrus peel, she cautioned, won’t provide sufficient hesperetin. She envisions future applications in which probiotics are used to produce hesperetin as a functional food to counteract chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity. \r\n \r\nSolving a Puzzle with Multidisciplinary Pieces \r\n \r\nCo-first authors of the study include Dr. Yi-Ju Chou from NHRI’s Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine and Dr. Chi-Hsiao Yeh, cardiovascular surgeon and vice superintendent of Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. \r\n \r\nDr. Yeh explained that Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is one of the most challenging clinical side effects. Approximately 5–9% of patients develop significant heart failure or cardiomyopathy after treatment. Long-term follow-ups show that 4–10% of patients experience chronic heart failure within a decade of cancer remission. \r\n \r\n“While these survivors have conquered cancer,” said Dr. Yeh, “they may face progressive cardiac decline years later. If hesperetin can protect the heart without impairing Doxorubicin’s anti-cancer action, it could revolutionize how we approach chemotherapy—making it life-saving without being heartbreaking.” \r\n \r\nResearch Collaborators \r\n \r\nIn addition to NYCU, NHRI, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, this research involved contributions from:
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Ministry of Health and Welfare’s National Institute of Chinese Medicine
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Chang Gung University
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National Cheng Kung University
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Academia Sinica’s Institute of Biomedical Sciences
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Left: Cardiac cells of a mouse treated with Doxorubicin, showing dark canyon-like damage areas. Right: After hesperetin treatment, the damaged regions begin to recover.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1433339253655343104&init=Y","expFile":"Illustration of Doxorubicin (“Red Berry”) generated by ChatGPT"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Identifies New Target for Pediatric Brain Cancer Treatment — Uncovering the Role of Cellular “Antennas” in Tumor Growth","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-10-14","detailContent":"
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The research team, from left to right: Yue-Ru Li, Prof. Jin-Wu Tsai, Prof. Won-Jing Wang, Yu-Wen Cheng, and I-Hsuan Lin.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a breakthrough that could change the future of pediatric brain cancer therapy, researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have identified a critical molecular mechanism that drives the development of medulloblastoma—the most common malignant brain tumor in children. \r\n \r\nThe findings, published in Cell Death & Differentiation, pave the way for new precision therapies that may spare young patients from the severe side effects of current treatments. \r\n \r\n
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The discovery that TTBK2 activity promotes the proliferation of cerebellar GNPs highlights its critical role in brain development and disease. \r\n \r\nUnderstanding the Roots of Brain Tumors \r\n \r\nMedulloblastoma originates in the cerebellum—the brain region that coordinates movement and balance—and is closely linked to developmental errors. A key player in this process is a population of cells called granule neuron progenitors (GNPs), which must proliferate and differentiate with high precision during early brain development. These cells rely on tiny, antenna-like structures on their surface—primary cilia—to receive growth signals from their environment. \r\n \r\nA research team led by Prof. Won-Jing Wang (Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) and Prof. Jin-Wu Tsai (Institute of Neuroscience) at NYCU has now uncovered how two key genes—TTBK2 and HUWE1—work together to regulate this ciliary signaling process. Using both mouse and zebrafish models, the study is the first to establish their central role in both normal cerebellar development and tumor formation. \r\n \r\nThe Antenna Keepers: TTBK2 and HUWE1 \r\n \r\nThe team found that TTBK2 acts as a “ciliary guardian”, maintaining the structure and function of primary cilia in GNPs to ensure they continue receiving signals that promote proliferation. Once these cells complete their growth phase, HUWE1 acts as a molecular switch, degrading TTBK2 and dismantling the cilia—thereby prompting the cells to differentiate into mature neurons.
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\r\nThis dynamic balance between TTBK2 and HUWE1 is essential for healthy brain development. But in medulloblastoma, the system breaks down. TTBK2 fails to degrade, leading to persistent cilia, unchecked GNP proliferation, and ultimately tumor formation. \r\n \r\nA Promising Therapeutic Target \r\n \r\nCrucially, the researchers demonstrated that suppressing TTBK2 not only eliminates the cilia on tumor cells—reducing their ability to receive growth signals—but also significantly curbs tumor growth. These results identify TTBK2 as a promising new therapeutic target for medulloblastoma. \r\n \r\n“Brain cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases in medicine,” said Prof. Jin-Wu Tsai. “While current therapies such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can prolong survival, they often come with serious long-term consequences like cognitive impairments or secondary cancers. Our study shows that precise disruption of tumor growth mechanisms could lead to safer, more effective treatments.” \r\n \r\nProf. Won-Jing Wang added, “Scientists once considered primary cilia to be evolutionary remnants without real function. But it turns out they act like true antennas—critical for how cells interpret their environment. Our findings highlight not only the importance of cilia in brain development, but also their potential role in cancer and drug resistance. This opens up an entirely new direction for brain tumor precision medicine.” \r\n \r\nThe research team discovered that SHH signaling protects a protein called TTBK2, allowing it to remain on the cell’s primary cilium and promote neuronal growth. However, in brain tumors, this mechanism is hijacked to accelerate tumor progression. The study suggests that inhibiting TTBK2 could lead to new therapeutic strategies for SHH-subtype medulloblastoma.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1427548152994467840&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Neuroscientists Illuminate the Brain’s Hidden “Star Map” of Neural Activity","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-10-08","detailContent":"
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Associate Professors Tsai-Wen Chen (right) and Bei-Jung Lin of the Institute of Neuroscience, NYCU
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Researchers at the Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), have developed a groundbreaking live imaging technology that can capture the electrical activity of neurons with unprecedented precision—an achievement recently published in Nature Methods under the title “Imaging neuronal voltage beyond the scattering limit.” \r\n \r\nMuch like pinpointing individual stars in a vast galaxy, this innovation overcomes one of neuroscience’s most significant observational barriers, marking a key advance in understanding how the brain truly works. \r\n \r\n \r\nCapturing the Brain’s Electrical Universe \r\n \r\nOur sensations, thoughts, and memories arise from lightning-fast electrical signals transmitted between neurons. Yet these signals often occur deep within the brain and vanish in milliseconds, making them nearly impossible to observe directly. Traditional optical imaging techniques struggle with light scattering, resulting in blurry halos rather than clear visualizations of neuronal activity. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professors Tsai-Wen Chen and Bei-Jung Lin addressed this challenge by utilizing voltage-sensitive fluorescent molecules to monitor subtle fluctuations in neuronal membrane potential. They discovered that while neural signals may overlap spatially, only a few neurons fire at any given moment. By treating these sparse flashes of electrical activity as positional clues—much like astronomers mapping the flicker of distant stars—the team achieved a new level of imaging clarity. \r\n \r\n \r\nA New Era of “Activity Localization Imaging” \r\n \r\nTheir technique, termed Activity Localization Imaging (ALI), enabled the researchers to observe hippocampal neurons in live mice and pinpoint the exact coordinates of each neuronal discharge. By compiling tens of thousands of such events, they constructed a high-resolution “map” of neural activity. \r\n
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\r\n \r\n \r\n“It’s like finding each shining star in the vast galaxy of the brain,” said Prof. Chen. \r\n \r\nLast year, the same team utilized an earlier version of this technology to demonstrate that certain inhibitory neurons tend to fire in conjunction with specific groups of cells—a phenomenon reminiscent of social “friend groups” within the brain’s neural network. (Read more) \r\n \r\n \r\nRevealing the Microstructure of Memory \r\n \r\nProf. Lin noted that this breakthrough now allows scientists to distinguish even smaller and more densely packed excitatory neurons, shedding new light on the neural circuits responsible for spatial cognition and memory formation. Although the current method cannot yet detect so-called “silent neurons” that do not actively fire, the researchers believe this represents a pivotal step toward visualizing brain activity at single-cell resolution in living organisms. \r\n \r\nLed entirely by a Taiwan-based interdisciplinary team and involving international collaboration, this study demonstrates the strength and long-term investment of NYCU’s neuroscience research, marking a milestone in the nation’s contribution to global brain science. \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nThe reconstructed neural activity map clearly distinguishes excitatory neurons (yellow) from silent neurons (blue).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1425658844167540736&init=Y","expFile":"NYCU Neuroscientists Illuminate the Brain’s Hidden “Star Map” of Neural Activity"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and TSMC, ITRI, Stanford Team Achieve Breakthrough in Next-Gen MRAM for AI and Low-Power Applications","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-09-22","detailContent":"
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The research team significantly enhanced the phase stability of tungsten through an innovative design of material layers.
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By National Science and Technology Council \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a significant cross-institutional advance, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has joined forces with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Stanford University, and National Chung Hsing University (NCHU) to overcome a critical materials challenge in spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory (SOT-MRAM)—a next-generation non-volatile memory technology. \r\n \r\nLed by NYCU Assistant Professor Yen-Lin Huang with support from Taiwan’s National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), the team has developed a breakthrough solution to stabilize β-phase tungsten (β-W), a key material in SOT-MRAM, under high-temperature processing conditions—paving the way for ultrafast, energy-efficient, and commercially viable memory chips. \r\n \r\nPublished in Nature Electronics under the title “A 64-kilobit spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory based on back-end-of-line-compatible β-tungsten”, this work highlights Taiwan’s growing innovation leadership in advanced memory systems and semiconductors. It opens the door for transformative applications in large language models (LLMs), artificial intelligence computing, mobile devices (with extended battery life and enhanced data security), as well as automotive electronics and data centers (with improved reliability and reduced energy consumption). \r\n \r\nA Decade-Long Puzzle in Memory Design—Finally Cracked \r\n \r\nModern computing relies on two broad types of memory: fast but volatile (like DRAM and SRAM), and non-volatile but slower (like Flash). For years, scientists around the world have sought a memory solution that combines the best of both worlds—high speed and long-term stability. Various contenders have emerged—PCM, STT-MRAM, FeRAM—but have consistently faced limitations in switching speed, endurance, or power consumption. \r\n \r\nThat changed with this latest Taiwan-led advance. The research team introduced a novel material layer design that significantly stabilizes the β-phase of tungsten (W), a key material in SOT-MRAM. This stability was achieved even under high-temperature semiconductor processing, while preserving a strong spin–orbit torque effect.
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\r\n \r\nThe breakthrough is the first to demonstrate:
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A 64-kilobit SOT-MRAM array integrated with CMOS control circuitry
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Ultrafast switching speeds (as fast as one nanosecond)
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Data retention exceeding 10 years
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Low power consumption, suitable for energy-critical applications
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From Lab to Market: The Future of Memory Is Within Reach \r\n \r\nThis milestone brings SOT-MRAM significantly closer to real-world deployment. As a high-speed, low-power, and non-volatile memory technology, it could become a game-changing enabler across multiple industries:
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Artificial Intelligence & LLMs: Improving data throughput and energy efficiency
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Mobile Devices: Enhancing battery life and protecting sensitive data
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Automotive Electronics & Data Centers: Delivering better reliability under thermal stress, with reduced energy demands
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The study not only affirms Taiwan’s global leadership in cutting-edge semiconductor R&D but also unlocks new possibilities for memory innovation amid the data explosion of the AI era. \r\n \r\nThe research team, led by Assistant Professor Yen-Lin Huang (center).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1419872169004896256&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Develops Smartphone-Based, Contactless System for Heart Rhythm Monitoring Without ECG","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-09-18","detailContent":"
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The contactless heart monitoring technology developed by NYCU was showcased at CES in the United States.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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What if checking your heart health was as easy as looking into your phone’s camera? A research team led by Professor Bing-Fei Wu at the Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), has developed a breakthrough system that can detect atrial fibrillation (AF)—a significant risk factor for stroke—using only the camera of a smartphone or laptop. \r\n \r\nThis non-contact, lightweight solution enables users to monitor heart rhythms in real-world settings, without the need for traditional ECG devices or physical sensors. \r\n \r\nAtrial Fibrillation, Reimagined for Everyday Life \r\n \r\nAF is closely associated with stroke risk, yet it often goes undetected until it’s too late. Conventional detection methods rely heavily on contact-based equipment, such as ECGs, which can be uncomfortable to wear for extended periods and are not always accessible outside of clinical settings. \r\n \r\nTo address this critical gap, Prof. Wu’s team turned to remote photoplethysmography (rPPG)—a technique that captures microvascular color changes on a person’s face via a standard camera. By analyzing these subtle signals, the system accurately estimates heart rate data in real-time. \r\n \r\nSmart AI, No Cloud Required \r\n \r\nThe team also introduced a novel signal processing algorithm that significantly reduces interference caused by head movement and lighting changes—two common challenges in daily environments. Instead of relying on computationally intensive deep-learning models, the system employs a lightweight AI architecture with significantly reduced parameters and minimal latency. \r\n \r\nThis means it can deliver high-performance analysis without an internet connection, opening new frontiers in offline, personalized health monitoring. \r\n \r\nClinically Validated with 450+ Subjects \r\n \r\nTo ensure clinical reliability, the team partnered with Dr. Yu Sun from En Chu Kong Hospital to establish a comprehensive video database featuring over 450 volunteers. The dataset includes recordings of individuals with normal heart rhythms, AF, and other arrhythmias, captured under realistic lighting and motion conditions. \r\n \r\nEven in these challenging environments, the system demonstrated high accuracy and stability, earning recognition from both the academic and tech communities.
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\r\nGlobal Recognition and Real-World Application \r\n \r\nThe research results were published in the IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, where the study was selected as a Feature Article. The project also won the Excellence Award in Artificial Intelligence at the 2024 TSC Thesis Awards (崇越論文大賞). \r\n \r\nMost notably, the technology was deployed in commercial devices, such as laptops and smartphones, and showcased in the FaceHeart CardioMirror. This intelligent health mirror won a CES 2025 Innovation Award in Digital Health at the world’s largest consumer tech event. \r\n \r\nA Game-Changer for Telehealth and Preventive Care \r\n \r\nThis innovation isn’t just a lab prototype—it’s a real-world solution with the potential to transform telemedicine, community screening, and early diagnosis for high-risk groups. It empowers individuals to detect signs of cardiovascular distress early, giving doctors and patients more time to act before emergencies strike. \r\n \r\nAs the world continues to shift toward remote healthcare, NYCU’s contactless AF monitoring system exemplifies the power of human-centered AI to make everyday health smarter, safer, and more accessible. \r\n \r\nProf. Bing-Fei Wu, Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering at NYCU (Photo credit: Far Eastern Y.Z. Hsu Foundation)
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1418081269446610944&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Everyday Actions, Deep Brain Connections: NYCU Study Uncovers How Chewing and Swallowing Engage the Human Mind","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-09-15","detailContent":"
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Professor Chia-Shu Lin from the Department of Dentistry conducts a chewing test using commercially available gummy candy.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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What if every bite of rice or sip of water was more than just a reflex? Researchers from the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have discovered that these seemingly mundane actions—chewing and swallowing—are intricately linked to the brain’s complex neural networks. \r\n \r\nIn two recently published studies in the Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, NYCU’s Department of Dentistry and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Core Laboratory reveal that these everyday functions are not just mechanical—they reflect and rely on distinct neural pathways in the brain, particularly in relation to aging and cognitive adaptation. \r\n \r\n
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In the gummy candy experiment, participants with better chewing ability were able to mix the two-colored gummy more evenly. \r\n \r\nMapping the Brain While Chewing and Swallowing \r\n \r\nOver a span of two years, a research team led by Professor Chia-Shu Lin from the Department of Dentistry tested more than 100 healthy adults across various age groups. While participants performed chewing and swallowing tasks, their brain activity was recorded using MRI scans to identify patterns of neural connectivity. \r\n \r\nUnder low-effort chewing conditions, researchers observed functional connections between the cerebellum and the primary sensorimotor cortex—regions responsible for movement control. However, when chewing became more difficult (such as when the subject encountered a hard-to-crush object), those with stronger functional connections in the prefrontal cortex—an area tied to high-level cognition—showed better chewing performance. \r\n \r\nThis finding suggests that effective chewing is not merely a matter of dental health or the presence of teeth; it also involves the ability to chew correctly. It also requires active engagement of the brain’s cognitive systems, particularly among older adults who are adapting to new dentures or unfamiliar food textures. In these situations, learning and adaptation—functions controlled by the prefrontal cortex—play a critical role.
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\r\nSwallowing: A Separate Neural Circuit \r\n \r\nInterestingly, the neural mechanisms for swallowing appear to follow an entirely different route. The team found that successful swallowing performance was associated with enhanced connectivity between the cerebellum and the basal ganglia—areas linked to rhythmic and coordinated movement. \r\n \r\nContrary to popular belief, strong chewing ability does not necessarily indicate strong swallowing ability. The brain uses distinct circuits to manage these two functions. \r\n \r\nBrain, Body, and the True Markers of Health \r\n \r\nThe study also revealed a striking correlation between neuromuscular health and oral function. Participants who performed well in both chewing and swallowing tasks had noticeably larger upper arm and lower leg circumferences—suggesting better muscle condition. In other words, the ability to both bite and swallow effectively may be a comprehensive indicator of systemic health. \r\n \r\nImplications for Elderly Care and Interdisciplinary Medicine \r\n \r\n“These findings underscore the critical role of oral function in overall health,” said Professor Lin, who led the research. “They also highlight the need for separate assessments of chewing and swallowing abilities in dental clinics, especially for older adults.” \r\n \r\nMost importantly, the studies show that overcoming chewing challenges isn’t just about dental mechanics—it’s a brain-dependent process. The structure and function of the neural network significantly influence how elderly individuals adapt to eating, especially in cases involving new prostheses or complex textures. \r\n \r\n“These results demonstrate that oral health cannot be treated in isolation,” Prof. Lin emphasized. “It must be integrated with neuroscience and geriatric medicine. Healthy aging depends not only on what we eat, but also on how we chew and swallow it.” \r\n \r\nProfessor Chia-Shu Lin, Department of Dentistry at NYCU
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The black magnetic nanodiscs convert magnetic fields into tiny mechanical forces, while the white piezoelectric nanoparticles transform those forces into electrical signals.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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A scene once confined to comic books and Hollywood blockbusters may be edging closer to reality. Researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have developed a groundbreaking millisecond-scale wireless neural modulation technology that could transform the treatment of brain disorders. \r\n \r\nThe study “Magnetic-Driven Torque-Induced Electrical Stimulation for Millisecond-Scale Wireless Neuromodulation”, recently published in the leading journal Advanced Healthcare Materials and featured on its back cover, introduces a technique called Magnetic-Driven Torque-Induced Electrical Stimulation (MagTIES). \r\n \r\nWhile it does not enable the fantastical mind control depicted in X-Men, it does allow scientists to wirelessly and precisely control brain waves in animals within just milliseconds. The research team has also secured a patent for the innovation. \r\n \r\n
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The figure illustrates how MagTIES precisely tunes brainwave frequencies in live subjects. \r\n \r\nFaster and Safer Than Existing Methods \r\n \r\nLed by Professor Po-Han Chiang of NYCU's Institute of Intelligent Bioelectrical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Master's Program in Neurotechnology, the team tackled a long-standing limitation in brain stimulation technologies. Conventional magnetic stimulation requires high-power magnetic fields and often takes seconds to trigger neural responses—too slow to match the brain's rapid activity. \r\n \r\nMagTIES combines magnetic nanodiscs with piezoelectric nanoparticles to generate electrical signals through a novel "magnetic torque" mechanism. This enables neuronal activity to be induced under low-frequency, low-intensity magnetic fields—up to 100 to 1,000 times faster than other nanomagnetic technologies.
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\r\nPrecision Control of Brain Waves \r\n \r\nIn animal trials, the team demonstrated that MagTIES could wirelessly stimulate deep brain regions such as the amygdala. Even more remarkably, they showed the ability to tune brain waves to specific frequencies—such as beta waves, which are associated with emotion and attention—by adjusting the magnetic field. Such precision had never been achieved with previous approaches. \r\n \r\n“MagTIES materials are simple to produce and highly biocompatible,” said Chao-Chun Cheng, the study’s first author and a Ph.D. candidate at NYCU. “This opens enormous potential for treating neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease.” \r\n \r\nProfessor Chiang emphasized the broader implications: “Wireless deep-brain stimulation can drastically reduce the need for invasive surgery, offering new hope for patients worldwide. The impact on global brain disease treatment could be profound.” \r\n \r\nOpen-Source Tools to Accelerate Adoption \r\n \r\nTo broaden access, the NYCU team also introduced an open-source, low-cost magnetic stimulation system, detailed earlier this year in Scientific Reports. The platform features a versatile device and a user-friendly software interface, designed to lower barriers for research labs and accelerate the applications of wireless brain stimulation in both medical and scientific settings. \r\n \r\nProfessor Po-Han Chiang (left) and first author Ph.D. candidate Chao-Chun Cheng (right) at NYCU.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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More than two centuries after Benjamin Franklin invented the bifocal lens, a research team at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has redefined how people with myopia and presbyopia see the world.
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\r\nLed by Professor Yi-Hsin Lin of the Department of Photonics, the group has developed the world’s first battery-powered liquid-crystal eyeglasses with electronically adjustable optical power. This breakthrough promises to transform vision correction and extend to applications in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and AI machine vision. \r\n \r\n
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NYCU joins forces with international research teams to develop the world’s first electronically adjustable liquid crystal eyeglasses with mass-production potential. \r\n \r\nThe findings were published in August 2025 in the journal Physical Review Applied and highlighted in a special feature by the American Physical Society, underscoring international recognition of Taiwan’s growing strength in liquid crystal optics. \r\n \r\nA Major Leap Beyond Franklin’s Bifocals \r\n \r\nTraditional bifocals allow users to switch between near and far vision, but only by tilting their heads or adjusting viewing angles. NYCU’s new design eliminates that limitation. The glasses feature gradient-index liquid crystal (LC) lenses whose refractive power can be finely tuned under an electric field generated by micro-electronics embedded in the frame. A simple touch on the temple arm instantly shifts focus between near and far objects.
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\r\n“This concept has existed since the 1970s, but no one could make it practical for everyday eyewear,” said Professor Lin. “Fresnel-type LC lenses suffered from diffraction, chromatic aberration, and poor imaging quality. Our gradient-index design overcomes those barriers by enabling continuously adjustable focal lengths with minimal distortion.”
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\r\nGlobal Collaboration and First-of-Its-Kind Results
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\r\nThe breakthrough was achieved with support from Taiwan’s National Science and Technology Council, Innolux Corporation, and Google Gift USA, in partnership with Kyiv University (Ukraine) and the University of Leeds (UK). \r\n \r\nThe team is the first to fully map the optical behavior of gradient-index LC lenses under electric fields, analyze switching speed and color distortion at different optical powers, and validate their feasibility for mass production. The result: a lightweight pair of eyeglasses that can electronically adjust prescription strength in real time, powered by a compact battery.
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\r\nFrom Everyday Use to AR/VR \r\n
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Beyond correcting myopia and presbyopia, the innovation opens new possibilities for wearable displays and machine vision systems, dramatically improving optical performance in AR/VR devices. \r\n \r\n“This invention doesn’t just improve eyeglasses—it redefines the future of vision technology,” Lin said. “It shows the world what’s possible when physics, engineering, and global collaboration converge.” \r\n \r\nGroup photo of the research team
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a significant leap forward for spatial computing, researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and the Semiconductor Division of Hon Hai Research Institute (HHRI) have jointly developed the world’s first monolithically integrated metasurface–photonic crystal surface-emitting laser (meta-PCSEL). This breakthrough enables chip-scale depth projection systems, opening new possibilities for ultra-compact, energy-efficient AR, VR, and wearable devices. \r\n \r\nThe collaborative team was led by Dr. Hao-Chung Kuo, Chair Professor at NYCU and Director of HHRI’s Semiconductor Division, working alongside Division Manager Yu-Heng Hong, researchers Wen-Cheng Hsu and Wen-Chien Miao, and NYCU Assistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang from the Department of Photonics. \r\n \r\nTheir study, Monolithically Integrated Metasurface on a PCSEL for Depth Perception, has been published in Nano Letters and selected as the cover story for the July 2025 issue. \r\n \r\nWorld’s Smallest Projector: 0.025 mm³ Chip-Scale Technology \r\n \r\nThis milestone builds on the team’s 2024 achievement, Metasurface- and PCSEL-Based Structured Light for Monocular Depth Perception and Facial Recognition, pushing the limits of integrated photonics to achieve a chip-scale dot projection system for the first time. \r\n \r\nThe new meta-PCSEL technology reduces the projector’s volume to 0.025 mm³—making it the smallest in the world. Compared to dot projectors in commercial smartphones, the device is 2,450 times smaller and consumes 28.7% less power. Single-chip integration significantly lowers system complexity and power requirements, offering a highly competitive solution for industrial adoption.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThis innovation showcases Taiwan’s leadership in nanoscale optics and semiconductor integration. It sets a solid technological foundation for the future of spatial computing, from AR glasses to next-generation mobile and wearable devices. \r\n \r\nThe team envisions the technology accelerating the miniaturization and mass adoption of AR, VR, and spatial computing platforms, expanding possibilities for immersive digital experiences across industries.
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\r\nNano Letters is one of the world’s leading nanoscience and technology journals, with an impact factor consistently above 10. The study was selected as the cover story for its July 2025 issue.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1404440907259842560&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Linguistics New Discovery: Don't Let Eyeballs Mislead You When Learning a Second Language","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-31","detailContent":"
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Professor Yu-An Lu’s research reveals that English spelling can interfere with Mandarin speakers’ ability to distinguish aspirated and unaspirated sounds, causing words like [speɪs] to be pronounced as [spʰeɪs] and [ˈhæpi] as [ˈhæpʰi].
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By NYCU ELITE \r\n______
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While learning a second language, various pronunciation rules often confuse learners. For example, the spelling of English words does not correspond exactly to their actual pronunciation and differs from the popular “natural pronunciation” method in the field. Take the letters “P”, “T”, and “K” as an example; if they are spelled immediately after an S, they are usually not aspirated. Therefore, the pronunciation of “SPACE” is similar to [speɪs] rather than [spʰeɪs]. When “P”, “T”, and ‘K’ appear in weak, unstressed syllables, they are also not pronounced as aspirated sounds. For example, American English pronounces “HAPPY” as [ˈhæpi] instead of [ˈhæpʰi].
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\r\nProfessor Lu explains that English spelling can interfere with Mandarin speakers’ pronunciation, leading them to apply Chinese pinyin rules and develop a distinct “Taiwanese accent” in English. \r\n \r\nAccurate pronunciation relies heavily on listening \r\n \r\nProfessor Yu-An Lu of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) observed that Chinese speakers often rely heavily on visual and orthographic memory when learning English vocabulary and pronunciation. In Taiwan Mandarin, the sounds “ㄆ” [pʰ], “ㄊ”[tʰ], and “ㄎ”[kʰ] are all aspirated. When Chinese pinyin conventions are directly transferred to English, learners of Taiwan Mandarin tend to pronounce English “P”, “T”, and “K” with aspiration as well. Professor Lu's research team recently conducted a phonetic imitation experiment and found that Chinese-speaking participants could more accurately imitate the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds when they only listened to English pronunciations. However, when the participants were also shown the English spellings (e.g., on word cards), they often “could not hear” the difference and reverted to applying Chinese pinyin conventions, resulting in English spoken with a “Taiwanese accent”. \r\n \r\nLinguists refer to the awareness of pronunciation, spelling, and grammatical rules as “metalinguistic awareness”. People usually do not explicitly learn these features of their mother tongue, making it difficult to explain their language knowledge because this awareness is internalized. However, when learning a second language, metalinguistic awareness often interacts with that of the first language in complex ways. For example, this study shows that Chinese speakers learning English have their “hearing” influenced and limited by their visual and Chinese spelling habits, which affects their pronunciation performance. \r\n \r\n"When people worldwide learn a second language, they are influenced by their first language and metalinguistic awareness, often incorporating features of their mother tongue. Therefore, ‘Taiwanese English’ is not a pronunciation error or problem, but rather a set of phenomena that arise when two language systems interact—something particularly interesting to us as linguists,” Prof. Lu explained. “For example, Chinese rhymes often end with a vowel and usually cannot add a consonant. When some Taiwanese children learn English, they tend to emphasize the final consonants, such as the “T” in “WHAT” or the “K” in “CAKE.” Rather than calling this mispronunciation, we should recognize it as a systematic reflection of their first language’s characteristics.” \r\n \r\nProfessor Lu explores how “Taiwanese English” reflects the natural interplay between first-language grammar and second-language learning, revealing that what sounds like mispronunciation is often a systematic effect of first-language influence and learners’ awareness of language differences \r\n \r\nNo superior or inferior. All languages are equal. \r\n \r\n"A second language cannot be learned as 'naturally' as the first language, and it is necessary to have guidance to understand the differences between the two.” Prof. Lu shared, reflecting on her own English learning experience in senior high school. She explained that without exposure to native speakers, a teacher’s metalinguistic knowledge could profoundly shape students' awareness of English. For example, the difference between tense and lax vowels (e.g. “sheep” and “ship”) relates to tongue position and mouth shape, but her teacher described them only as long and short sounds, which was imprecise. “Therefore, I think every English teacher should study linguistics to help students systematically and precisely summarize the rules of learning a second language, so that students can open up the “conception and governor vessels” more quickly!” she said wittily.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nDuring her bachelor's studies in the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, Prof. Lu encountered many students who spoke English with a fairly “standard” accent. To adjust her own English accent, she first listened carefully to the differences among various accents and then gradually imitated and learned from them. Her linguistic training also heightened her sensitivity to subtle language changes, which helped her learn and fine-tune her second language. However, Prof. Lu emphasizes that, as a linguist, language is language—there are no superior or inferior accents. Whether it is “Taiwanese English” or other accents, they all arise from different language systems. People may perceive an accent as “noble” or “vulgar,” or associate it with social status or education level, but these are meanings and value judgments imposed by the social structure of the time. \r\n \r\nOn the other hand, even within English-speaking countries, accents vary widely, and what is considered “vulgar” in one region may be regarded as “elegant” in another. Prof. Lu suggests that instead of trying seeking a single pronunciation standard, language learners should be exposed to a diverse range of accents, languages, and cultures: "Language accents are like a spectrum with many possibilities. If we only accept one accent as ‘correct’, we risk believing it is superior to others, and fail to understand accents and culture. Every language and accent is equal. When we set aside value judgments of good or bad, the more languages and accents we embrace, the more effective our communication becomes." \r\n \r\n \r\nProfessor Lu emphasizes that every accent reflects a unique language system and urges learners to embrace linguistic diversity rather than chase a single “standard” — because understanding more accents leads to better communication. \r\n \r\nSeeing the world anew through language \r\n \r\nBuilding on her laboratory phonological research on second language acquisition, Prof. Lu has recently focused on the intergenerational tonal changes in Taiwanese Southern Min. She noted that while dialect tones historically took over a century to evolve, contemporary Taiwanese Southern Min dialects are undergoing radical tonal shifts within just one or two generations. This accelerated change marks a unique opportunity to study the languages spoken in Taiwan, especially as the number of speakers of various local languages is rapidly declining. \r\n \r\nFor example, Prof. Lu noted that regarding the checked tones of Taiwanese Southern Min, because Mandarin has no words with checked tone ending in “P,” “T,” or “K”, and the younger generation has limited exposure to Taiwanese Southern Min, they are acquiring the language more like a second language or “heritage language.” This shift is changing their perception and production of checked tones. Such cross-generational variation is occurring at an astonishing rate. At the same time, influenced by Taiwan's multilingual environment, Taiwan Mandarin is developing its own characteristics, such as the merger of “厶”[s] and “ㄕ”[ʂ] and confusion between the syllable codas “ㄣ”[n] and “ㄥ”[ŋ]. \r\n \r\nThrough laboratory phonological research methods, Prof. Lu has paved a research path to uncover the direction and patterns of different languages spoken in Taiwan. In fact, NYCU’s Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures encompasses a wide range of research areas. “For example, Professor Ho-Hsien Pan is studying how acoustic features can improve the understanding of autistic speakers. Professor Tsung-Lun Wan has long researched identity politics and language use among hearing-impaired individuals and other marginalized groups," Prof. Lu added. From a sociolinguistic perspective, Singlish, which was once considered “substandard,” has now become a key symbol of Singaporean national identity. Similarly, "Taiwan Mandarin” or “Taiwanese English” today may also reflect a growing local consciousness. Clearly, linguistic research at NYCU not only introduces innovative scientific perspectives but also encourages the public to rethink the complex relationship between language, culture, and society. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nProfessor Lu encourages embracing diverse accents as natural reflections of cultural and linguistic identity rather than errors, reminding us that all accents are equally valid within the rich spectrum of human communication.
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\r\n\r\n\r\n","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1400358316273569792&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Researchers Develop Brain-Inspired Photonic Synaptic Transistor for Next-Gen AI Vision Systems","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-29","detailContent":"
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Professor Po-Tsun Liu (left) and first author Jo-Lin Chen
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Can you imagine a future where autonomous vehicles see road conditions and remember what they saw—just like the human brain? Or hospitals equipped with AI systems that automatically highlight abnormal regions in X-rays and CT scans to assist doctors in their diagnosis? \r\n \r\nA research team led by Distinguished Professor Po-Tsun Liu from the Department of Photonics at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has made a significant leap toward that future. The team has successfully developed a novel all-metal oxide heterojunction photonic synaptic transistor—a device that mimics the memory and learning functions of human neurons. Their findings, titled “All‐Metal‐Oxide Heterojunction Optoelectronic Synapses with Multilevel Memory for Artificial Visual Perception Applications,” were recently published in Small. \r\n \r\n
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Professor Po-Tsun Liu’s research team successfully simulated the learning and memory behavior of synapses in the human brain, achieving multi-synaptic plasticity akin to biological neural systems. (Pictured: the experimental chip developed in the lab) \r\n \r\nA Breakthrough in Neuromorphic Vision and Sensing \r\n \r\nThis next-generation transistor, based on a heterojunction formed between tungsten oxide (WO₃) and indium tungsten zinc oxide (InWZnO), demonstrates not only high sensitivity to visible light (at 650, 525, and 460 nanometers) but also the ability to emulate synaptic plasticity—the brain’s mechanism for learning and memory. \r\n \r\nAccording to Prof. Liu, the device exhibits short-term and long-term memory behaviors through optical pulse stimulation and gate voltage modulation. The result is a highly dynamic, stable, and reproducible synaptic behavior, significantly outperforming similar devices in the literature.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nBuilding the Foundation for Visual Memory Chips \r\n \r\nMore importantly, the team engineered a 2 × 2 photonic synapse array module based on the device, capable of real-time processing of RGB (red, green, blue) signals. This array mimics the human retina’s layered perception and storage mechanisms for image intensity and color. \r\n \r\nThrough simulated cycles of learning and forgetting, the device showed a robust and non-volatile memory capability—retaining data even after removing optical stimuli. This feature lays crucial groundwork for the development of brain-inspired visual memory chips. \r\n \r\nHigh Accuracy in Challenging AI Tasks \r\n \r\nThe team integrated the device into an artificial neural network (ANN) simulation platform to explore its real-world potential. They tested it on tasks such as handwritten digit recognition and image segmentation. The system maintained high recognition accuracy even under simulated noisy conditions (Gaussian and striped noise). \r\n \r\nWhen applied to image segmentation using the U-Net architecture, the device-enabled system achieved near-ideal segmentation results, demonstrating outstanding stability, robustness, and learning ability in visual processing applications. \r\n \r\nTowards Smarter Machines \r\n \r\nThis breakthrough technology opens up exciting possibilities for applications in innovative medical diagnostics, autonomous driving vision modules, wearable sensory devices, and biomimetic robotics—paving the way for deeper integration of artificial intelligence and advanced sensing systems. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nProfessor Po-Tsun Liu and his research team
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1399644521691615232&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Taiwan’s Top Four Research Institutions Join Forces! Discovers Blood Biomarkers for Migraine Diagnosis","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-24","detailContent":"
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Group photo of the research team. From left to right: Dr. Yi-Hsiang Huang (Director, Department of Medical Research, TVGH), Dr. Shu-Chun Wang (Vice Superintendent, TVGH), Dr. Shih-Pin Chen (Director, Division of Translational Research, TVGH), Dr. Ya-Hsuan Chang (Researcher, NHRI), and Prof. Hsuan-Yu Chen (Research Fellow, Academia Sinica). (Photo credit: TVGH)
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\r\nBy Taipei Veterans General Hospital \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Despite affecting over one billion people worldwide, migraines have long been considered an “invisible disease”—difficult to diagnose and often misunderstood. Diagnosis has relied solely on patients ' subjective descriptions with no apparent abnormalities on brain scans and no objective biomarkers. \r\n \r\nIn a breakthrough, a Taiwanese research team has identified specific microRNAs in the blood that can objectively detect migraine episodes. Their five-year study, jointly conducted by Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Academia Sinica, and the National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), has been published in Brain, one of the leading journals in the field of neuroscience. \r\n \r\n \r\nA High-Impact, Underdiagnosed Disorder \r\n \r\nMigraine is among the most prevalent neurological disorders globally, affecting approximately 15% of the population—three times more common in women than men. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study, migraine is the second leading cause of disability among people aged 15 to 49, significantly impairing work, education, and quality of life. \r\n \r\n
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(Photo credit: Pexels) \r\n \r\nYet despite its widespread impact, migraine remains elusive in clinical settings. Brain imaging typically reveals no anomalies, and its alternating “attack” and “non-attack” phases make real-time blood sampling during episodes extremely challenging—hindering scientific progress and leaving millions undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. \r\n \r\n \r\nBuilding a Predictive Blood Test for Migraine \r\n \r\nLed by Dr. Shu-Chun Wang (Vice Superintendent of TVGH and Dean of the NYCU College of Medicine), the research team recruited 120 participants—including migraine patients in both attack and non-attack phases, chronic migraine sufferers, and healthy controls. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood samples, they identified microRNA expression patterns associated with migraine states. The findings were further validated in an independent cohort of 197 individuals. \r\n \r\nCombining microRNA profiles with genetic risk scores, the team developed a composite predictive model capable of identifying both migraine presence and risk, with over 90% accuracy. \r\n \r\n \r\nCapturing the Biological Signature of Migraine \r\n \r\nMicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression like molecular “dimmer switches.” Though small, they are crucial in controlling protein synthesis and are deeply involved in immune response, development, and pain perception processes. Their significance was recently recognized with the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun, who discovered microRNAs’ regulatory role in 1993. \r\n \r\n \r\n
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\r\n \r\nThe research team’s study found specific microRNAs—such as miR-183 and miR-1307-5p—significantly different between migraine patients and healthy individuals. Some markers served as indicators of disease status, while others fluctuated only during active migraine attacks, reflecting disease activity. Intriguingly, bioinformatics analysis revealed these microRNAs are linked to hormonal pathways involving estrogen and prolactin, suggesting a possible explanation for the disorder’s higher prevalence in women. \r\n \r\n“This is the first time migraine has been made ‘visible’ through blood biomarkers,” the authors note. “It also opens the door for applying liquid biopsy—a minimally invasive blood-based method—to neurological conditions by detecting brain-related physiological changes through peripheral blood.” \r\n \r\n \r\nToward Objective and Personalized Migraine Care \r\n \r\n“This study represents a major leap forward in migraine research,” said Dr. Shu-Chun Wang. “It deepens our understanding of the disease’s biological mechanisms and opens new possibilities for clinical application.” \r\n \r\nDr. Shih-Pin Chen (Director of Translational Research, TVGH; Director of Institute of Clinical Medicine, NYCU) emphasized the clinical significance: “Until now, migraine lacked objective diagnostics. Our study is one of the few worldwide to capture blood samples during active attacks and identify biomarkers. We hope this model can help clinicians detect high-risk individuals, monitor disease progression, and evaluate treatment response—realizing the promise of precision medicine.” \r\n \r\nDr. Hsuan-Yu Chen (Research Fellow, Academia Sinica) added: “By integrating high-throughput sequencing data with genetic risk profiles, we’ve demonstrated that even complex, highly variable neurological diseases can be predicted with high accuracy when multi-omics data is combined with clinical information.” \r\n \r\nDr. Ya-Hsuan Chang (Research Associate, NHRI) highlighted the gender-specific findings: “Our identification of microRNAs involved in estrogen and prolactin signaling not only sheds light on why women are more affected, but also provides important molecular insights into sex differences in neurological disease—laying the groundwork for personalized diagnostics and therapy.” \r\n \r\nDr. Yen-Feng Wang (Director, General Neurology, TVGH) concluded: “Many migraine patients are misunderstood, misdiagnosed, or dismissed. We hope this research provides doctors with more objective diagnostic tools and empowers patients with greater understanding and control over their condition.” \r\n \r\n \r\nTaiwan’s Scientific Strength on the Global Stage \r\n \r\nBeyond the scientific discovery, this research showcases Taiwan’s growing capacity in interdisciplinary, translational medicine—blending neuroscience, genomics, and data science. The team aims to accelerate clinical applications and expand cross-institutional collaboration to transform this innovation into real-world benefits for migraine patients in Taiwan and beyond. \r\n \r\n \r\n
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\r\nMigraine Blood Prediction Model \r\n \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1397820070654119936&init=Y","expFile":"Group photo of the research team"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and Harvard Uncover Genetic ‘Brake’ That Limits Liver Regeneration","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-22","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a groundbreaking study published in the prestigious journal Cell Stem Cell, researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Harvard University have identified a critical gene that functions as a molecular “brake”—suppressing the liver’s innate ability to regenerate damaged tissue. The discovery may pave the way for innovative treatments in regenerative medicine, particularly for liver diseases with limited therapeutic options. \r\n \r\nTurning Metabolic Cells into Repair Agents \r\n \r\nThe human liver is one of the few organs capable of self-repair. Among its regenerative feats is the ability to heal damaged bile ducts by reprogramming liver cells—originally responsible for metabolism—into bile duct epithelial cells. While this transformation is remarkable, the underlying molecular switch that enables or limits this ability has remained poorly understood. \r\n \r\nScientists have pinpointed a gene called HBO1 that prevents liver cells from making this identity shift. As a genetic brake, HBO1 blocks the reprogramming process, halting the transformation into bile duct cells. According to the research team, targeting HBO1 could unlock new possibilities for enhancing liver cell plasticity, potentially accelerating tissue repair and regeneration.\r\n\r\n
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HBO1 serves as an epigenetic barrier that restricts liver cell fate conversion.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n“HBO1 is recruited by the transcriptional co-activator YAP to specific DNA sites, where it epigenetically suppresses the genes required for cellular reprogramming,” explained Dr. Wei-Chien Yuan, Assistant Professor at NYCU’s Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences (DLSIGS). “Inhibiting HBO1 could remove this brake, enabling faster chromatin remodeling and boosting the conversion of liver cells into functional bile duct epithelial cells.” \r\n \r\n
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\r\nThe research team was led by Dr. Wei-Chien Yuan (front row, center), an assistant professor at NYCU DLSIGS. \r\n \r\nThe study highlights a new layer of epigenetic regulation in organ regeneration. By modulating this regulatory axis, future therapies could enhance the body’s natural healing capacity—offering hope to patients suffering from bile duct injuries and chronic liver conditions. \r\n \r\nBuilding on this discovery, the NYCU-Harvard team is now conducting preclinical studies to translate the findings into therapeutic strategies to bring liver regeneration closer to clinical reality.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1397065693660188672&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Beyond Aging: NYCU and TVGH Discover Gut Hormone’s Unexpected Role in Muscle Loss","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-16","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: True Creatives
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Could a common gut hormone be quietly sabotaging muscle regeneration? A groundbreaking study from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH) has uncovered an unexpected culprit behind sarcopenia—a condition traditionally associated with aging and physical decline. \r\n \r\nThe study “Sarcopenia-related changes in serum GLP-1 level affect myogenic differentiation” was recently published in the international journal Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. It reveals that GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1)—a gut hormone widely known for regulating blood sugar and used in diabetes and weight-loss treatments—directly impairs muscle regeneration, marking the first evidence of its negative impact on muscle formation. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nThe study found that, even in a fasting state, patients with sarcopenia had abnormally elevated levels of the gut hormone GLP-1 compared to non-sarcopenic individuals, suggesting that GLP-1 may play a role in suppressing muscle growth and repair. \r\n \r\nA Surprising Link Between GLP-1 and Muscle Degeneration \r\n \r\nGLP-1 is naturally released after eating and helps stimulate insulin secretion. However, the study’s clinical analysis of 145 emergency room patients over the age of 80 revealed a surprising pattern: sarcopenic patients had abnormally high levels of GLP-1 in their bloodstream—even while fasting. Their average concentration was 1021.5 pg/mL, nearly three times that of non-sarcopenic individuals. \r\n \r\nTo investigate further, the researchers conducted animal and cell-based experiments, revealing that GLP-1 inhibits key proteins involved in muscle fiber fusion and normal skeletal muscle development. It also disrupts mitochondrial function—the cell’s energy engine—leading to reduced kinesin activity and a breakdown in the body’s ability to regenerate muscle tissue. \r\n \r\n \r\nHigher levels of GLP-1 were found to disrupt mitochondrial function, leading to a significant decline in kinesin activity.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nRethinking Sarcopenia: Not Just About Age and Exercise \r\n \r\n“For years, sarcopenia has been viewed as a byproduct of aging, malnutrition, or inactivity,” said Prof. Jean-Cheng Kuo, principal investigator and professor at NYCU’s Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. “But this study challenges that narrative, showing that a hormone we thought of only as a metabolic regulator may interfere with muscle repair and growth.” \r\n \r\nThe findings also raise new questions about the long-term use of GLP-1–based drugs, such as those prescribed for type 2 diabetes and obesity. While effective for blood sugar control, could these treatments pose hidden risks to muscle health, particularly in older or already at-risk individuals? \r\n \r\nA New Frontier for Diagnosis and Prevention \r\n \r\nIn addition to offering a novel explanation for the progression of sarcopenia, the study opens the door to potential biomarkers for early detection. If elevated GLP-1 levels prove to be a reliable indicator, clinicians may be able to identify at-risk patients before muscle loss becomes debilitating. \r\n \r\n“This study not only expands our understanding of GLP-1 but also lays the foundation for rethinking how we approach sarcopenia and even diabetes treatment,” added Prof. Kuo. “It’s a reminder that biology is full of surprises—and sometimes the tools we use to heal one part of the body may be silently affecting another.” \r\n \r\n
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\r\nGroup photo of the research team. Front row, left: Prof. Jean-Cheng Kuo from NYCU’s Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Front row, right: Dr. Hsien-Hao Huang, Director of the Department of Emergency Medicine at TVGH.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1395049561151508480&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"After a Betrayal, Can Throwing Things Away Help You Forgive? A NYCU–Purdue Study Says Yes","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-15","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Pixelshot
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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When relationships end in betrayal, individuals are often left surrounded by mementos of the past—photographs, shared furniture, love letters—each carrying the emotional weight of what once was. What role do these objects play in our ability to forgive and move on? \r\n \r\nA new study co-authored by Christopher Jude McCarroll, Associate Professor at the Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), in collaboration with Marta Caravà from Purdue University, sheds light on this question. Published in the prestigious international philosophy journal Synthese, the paper proposes a novel framework for understanding forgiveness—not as a purely internal act, but as an extended process involving memory, emotion, and our material surroundings. \r\n \r\nTitled “Forgiving Unbound: Emotion, Memory, and Materiality in Extended Moral Processes,” the study challenges traditional views that frame forgiveness solely as a decision of the heart. Instead, it argues that cognition and emotion extend beyond the mind, shaped by our interaction with memory-laden environments. \r\n \r\n“Forgiveness may not always begin in the heart—it can begin with the hands,” the authors write. \r\n \r\nObjects as Emotional Catalysts \r\n \r\nAccording to the paper, a key to forgiveness lies in reducing intense negative emotions toward the person who caused harm. This process often requires a selective reshaping of memory—retaining only the general outline of the event while allowing emotionally charged details to fade. Such memory regulation can create emotional distance, making it easier to reflect on the past without being overwhelmed. \r\n \r\nThe study argues that physical objects play a decisive role in this process. Certain items strongly evoke memories—both good and bad. By removing objects associated with painful experiences, individuals can reduce unwanted memory triggers, making space for emotional healing. This act of “cue-dependent forgetting” creates a more favorable environment for forgiveness to take root.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nForgiveness vs. Letting Go \r\n \r\nThe study also draws an important philosophical distinction between forgiveness and letting go. While both can bring emotional relief, their moral implications differ. Forgiveness is a deliberate moral decision to alter one’s attitude toward the wrongdoer, potentially even restoring the relationship. Letting go, on the other hand, focuses more on personal recovery and emotional detachment, often without the intention to reconcile. \r\n \r\nThis distinction is crucial in understanding how people navigate complex moral emotions—and how their choices are shaped by thought and the material world around them. \r\n \r\nA New Perspective on Moral Healing \r\n \r\nFrom a philosophical standpoint, the study contributes to growing research on embodied and extended cognition, suggesting that moral processes are not confined to mental deliberation alone. The authors encourage individuals and therapists to consider how managing the physical environment—from discarding painful mementos to curating comfort spaces—can meaningfully influence emotional and moral recovery. \r\n \r\nIn an age where emotional well-being is increasingly recognized as central to mental health, this research from NYCU reaffirms the profound link between mind, memory, and materiality—and how the simple act of letting go of an object can become a decisive step toward moving forward. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nChristopher Jude McCarroll, Associate Professor at the Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition at NYCU (Photo credit: Chih-Wei Chao)
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1394839943511019520&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Untangling the Epigenomic Universe: NYCU Uses AI to Reconstruct the 3D World Inside Our Cells","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-07-09","detailContent":"
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AI-generated illustration of the “yarn-ball universe” of chromatin. EpiVerse blends “Epi” (epigenome) and “Verse” (metaverse) to represent an AI-created virtual epigenomic space.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Imagine cramming two meters of yarn into a space just 5–10 microns wide. That’s the extraordinary feat our DNA accomplishes—folding itself into a dense, dynamic structure inside the nucleus of every cell. Now, researchers from the Department of Computer Science at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have developed a groundbreaking AI-powered tool to decode this mysterious “yarn-ball universe.” \r\n \r\nNamed EpiVerse, the new platform offers scientists an entirely new lens to explore how our genome is organized—and how that organization influences health and disease. The study “Unveiling chromatin dynamics with virtual epigenome” was recently published in the prestigious journal Nature Communications. \r\n \r\nFrom Experiment-Heavy to AI-Driven Biology \r\n \r\n“Traditionally, exploring chromatin structure required months of complex and costly experiments,” said Professor Jui-Hung Hung, lead researcher and faculty member in NYCU’s Department of Computer Science. “EpiVerse can simulate 3D chromatin folding in different cell states using only computational models. This saves time and resources and opens new paths for understanding gene regulation.”\r\n
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\r\nEpiVerse enables the analysis of the entire human chromatin structure. Shown here is a dendrogram illustrating the hierarchical clustering of 39 different tissue types based on similarities in their Hi-C features, revealing potential functional or developmental relationships. \r\n \r\nA New AI Frontier for Life Sciences \r\n \r\nEpiVerse harnesses deep learning and virtual reconstruction to model chromatin dynamics across various tissues and cell types, even in sparse experimental data. At its core, the system combines HiConformer multi-task learning and MIRNet multi-scale image reconstruction, enabling more accurate, high-resolution simulations.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nBut EpiVerse goes beyond static models. One of its most powerful features is its ability to conduct in silico perturbation experiments, predicting how chromatin structures might shift in response to environmental stimuli, genetic mutations, drug treatments, or disease states like cancer. This capability allows scientists to map regulatory gene networks and explore potential therapeutic targets with unprecedented speed and scale. \r\n \r\nOpen-Source, Open Science \r\n \r\n“Before EpiVerse, running a single perturbation experiment could take months and cost millions,” Prof. Hung explained. “Now, researchers can test hypotheses rapidly, iterate with flexibility, and design smarter follow-up experiments. This is AI’s true potential in transforming life sciences.” \r\n \r\nThe complete EpiVerse codebase is open-sourced and freely available, providing a powerful new toolset for scientists worldwide studying the epigenome and chromatin structure. \r\n \r\nProf. Hung led this pioneering work jointly developed by two graduate students, Yu-Cheng Lo and Ming-Yu Lin, from the Institute of Data Science and Engineering. The project highlights NYCU’s leadership in training next-generation talent at the intersection of AI, bioinformatics, and biomedical science. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nResearch team group photo
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1392309647897006080&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1392309648052195328&init=Y","expFile":"Prof. Jui-Hung Hung, Principal Investigator of the EpiVerse project, Department of Computer Science, NYCU"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and NTUCH Develop Groundbreaking Diagnostic Pipeline to Predict Severity of Rare FOXG1 Syndrome","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-06-30","detailContent":"
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Professor Jin-Wu Tsai (right) and Dr. Wang-Tso Lee (center), Director of NTU Children’s Hospital, discuss advancements in rare disease diagnostics.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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At the heart of every expecting parent lies a hope—to detect and address any health challenges their child may face as early as possible. Now, a pioneering collaboration between National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and National Taiwan University Children’s Hospital (NTUCH) has taken a significant step toward that goal, developing an innovative diagnostic workflow to assess the severity of FOXG1 syndrome—a rare and complex neurological disorder. These breakthrough findings were published in the high-impact journal Molecular Psychiatry. \r\n \r\nDecoding a Rare Disease: From Genetic Mutation to Clinical Insight \r\n \r\nFOXG1 syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental condition caused by mutations in the FOXG1 gene, which plays a critical role in early fetal brain development. The condition manifests along a broad clinical spectrum, from severe epilepsy, motor dysfunction, feeding difficulties, and profound intellectual disability to milder forms associated with autism. Most patients are non-verbal and non-ambulatory, and symptoms vary significantly between individuals. \r\n \r\nPreviously classified as an atypical form of Rett syndrome, FOXG1 syndrome affects roughly one in every 30,000 newborns, with approximately 1,200 known cases worldwide. \r\n \r\nWhile next-generation sequencing (NGS) can identify FOXG1 gene mutations, it provides limited insight into how different mutations translate into varying degrees of clinical severity. This diagnostic gap leaves parents overwhelmed and physicians uncertain about potential treatment interventions. \r\n \r\nTo address this challenge, Professor Jin-Wu Tsai of NYCU’s Institute of Brain Science and Dr. Wang-Tso Lee, Director of NTU Children’s Hospital (NTUCH), led an international study analyzing clinical and neuroimaging data from 14 FOXG1 patients across Europe, North America, Japan, and Taiwan. \r\n \r\nBased on their findings, the team developed a novel three-tiered experimental approach—combining protein expression profiling, gene regulatory analysis, and mouse embryo neuronal migration assays—to assess the functional consequences of different FOXG1 mutations. The resulting diagnostic pipeline can predict brain abnormalities with over 90% accuracy.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nPredicting Risk, Guiding Care: A Milestone in FOXG1 Diagnosis \r\n \r\n“This approach enables clinicians to do more than simply identify a mutation—it helps them understand its clinical risk,” said Prof. Tsai. “For the first time, we can assess the pathogenicity of specific FOXG1 variants and predict the likely severity of symptoms. This is a crucial advancement for children and families affected by this devastating condition.” \r\n \r\n“Families dealing with rare diseases often feel trapped in a maze of unanswered questions,” said Dr. Lee. “Our goal is to bridge that gap. By integrating NGS with our new predictive tools—ideally during prenatal or neonatal stages—we can better plan early interventions and offer more informed support to affected families.” \r\n \r\nAlthough these experimental techniques are not yet part of routine clinical testing, the study offers compelling preliminary evidence for the future development of personalized diagnostic tools. The research team emphasized that further validation and creating more scalable testing platforms will be key to clinical adoption. \r\n \r\nAs research into rare genetic diseases advances, this collaboration between NYCU and NTUCH underscores the power of interdisciplinary innovation and brings new hope to families worldwide. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nGroup photo of the NYCU research team
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1389074687539023872&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and German Team Develop Light-Activated Nanopores for Smart Materials and Security Tech","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-06-24","detailContent":"
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Professor Jiun-Tai Chen (left) and his Ph.D. student Yi-Fan Chen.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Imagine flipping a molecular switch using nothing but light. A groundbreaking study led by Professor Jiun-Tai Chen from the Department of Applied Chemistry at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), in collaboration with Professor Patrick Théato from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany, has unveiled a novel class of “light-responsive nanopores.” \r\n \r\nTitled “Illuminating Biomimetic Nanochannels: Unveiling Macroscopic Anticounterfeiting and Photoswitchable Ion Conductivity via Polymer Tailoring”, the research was published in the prestigious journal ACS Nano and opens exciting possibilities for future smart materials and anti-counterfeiting applications. \r\n \r\n
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\r\n \r\nInspired by green algae, NYCU researchers created light-responsive nanopores that switch between hydrophobic and hydrophilic states, enabling rewritable anti-counterfeiting surfaces and controlled ion transport. \r\n \r\nNature-Inspired Innovation: Lessons from Algae \r\n \r\nThe inspiration came from an unlikely source: algae. In aquatic environments, algae navigate toward light to optimize photosynthesis, guided by light-sensitive ion channels known as channelrhodopsins (ChRs) embedded in their cell membranes. These channels enable algae to regulate ion flow based on light cues, maintaining physiological balance in changing environments. \r\n \r\nMimicking this natural mechanism, the research team engineered nanoporous structures from anodic aluminum oxide (AAO), then coated the pores with a light-responsive polymer made of spiropyran—a molecule that changes structure when exposed to light. The result: a synthetic nanopore system that can open or close in response to UV light, effectively functioning as a controllable ion gate.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nA Light Switch at the Nanoscale \r\n
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“The key lies in spiropyran’s molecular transformation,” explained Professor Chen. “When exposed to ultraviolet light, the molecule shifts from a closed, non-polar form to an open, charged form. This alters the nanopore’s hydrophilicity and drastically impacts ion transport.” Accompanying this transformation is a visible color change from clear to deep violet, hinting at applications in optical anti-counterfeiting labels where authentication could be done with the naked eye.
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\r\nToward a Sustainable Smart Future \r\n \r\nBeyond security features, this light-gated nanopore technology holds promise for cutting-edge uses in drug delivery, optical data storage, and biomedical engineering. The findings mark a significant step forward in both materials science and biomimetic design. \r\nIn the near future, a single beam of light may be all it takes to unlock the full potential of smart materials—one photon at a time. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nProfessor Jiun-Tai Chen and his research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1386961283139506176&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"MAFLD Does More Than Harm the Liver: NYCU Study Shows 46% Spike in Heart Attack Risk","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-06-16","detailContent":"
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AI-generated illustration by ChatGPT.
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Forget what you thought you knew about fatty liver disease. It's not just a concern for your liver; it's intricately tied to your heart health. A groundbreaking study led by Professor Mei-Hsuan Lee of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU)'s Institute of Clinical Medicine has, for the first time, systematically quantified the strong link between fatty liver disease (formally known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD) and major cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction (heart attack), ischemic stroke, and heart failure. \r\n \r\nThe study, titled “Attributable Burden of Steatotic Liver Disease on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Asia,” published recently in JHEP Reports, a journal of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), is one of its largest and longest follow-up studies. It tracked over 300,000 Taiwanese adults aged 30 and above, filling a crucial gap in evidence regarding the link between MASLD and cardiovascular risk in Asia. The findings offer vital insights for public health policy and clinical practice.\r\n\r\n
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\r\nAbdominal ultrasound simulation, not a real patient. AI-generated illustration by ChatGPT. \r\n \r\nUnraveling the Hidden Connection Between Heart and Liver \r\n \r\nThe results are stark: Individuals with MASLD face nearly a 30% increased risk of developing any cardiovascular disease compared to those without. The risk for myocardial infarction (heart attack) is even more pronounced, soaring by 46%. \r\n \r\nThe research team further estimated that effectively preventing and controlling fatty liver disease could reduce heart attack incidence by approximately 12% and cardiovascular disease events by 8%. This underscores that MASLD isn't just a marker for liver problems; it's a significant indicator of cardiovascular risk.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nA Systemic Threat: More Than Just a MASLD \r\n \r\n"With the successful implementation of hepatitis B vaccination policies and the widespread use of antiviral drugs for chronic hepatitis B and C, viral hepatitis's impact on liver cancer has gradually diminished," explains Professor Lee. "MASLD is now rapidly becoming the primary cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer." \r\n \r\nShe emphasizes that the liver acts as the body's metabolic hub, closely linked to cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and diabetes. This highlights that MASLD is a systemic condition, reflecting broader metabolic abnormalities. \r\n \r\nThe Silent Epidemic: Time to Take Action \r\n \r\nCurrently, the prevalence of MASLD in Taiwanese adults is around 30%, with a noticeable trend affecting younger populations. Many individuals who discover they have MASLD during health check-ups often overlook its potential risks due to a lack of apparent symptoms. \r\n \r\n"MASLD can be detected early and reversed through lifestyle changes," Professor Lee stresses. "Through this research, we hope to raise public awareness about the systemic risks posed by MASLD, fostering a greater understanding of prevention and early screening to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases ultimately." \r\n \r\n
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\r\nProfessor Mei-Hsuan Lee, Institute of Clinical Medicine, NYCU.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1384435062929362944&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Uses Fruit Fly Brain to Uncover Key Pathway That May Halt Parkinson’s Disease Progression","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-06-03","detailContent":"
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Following a breakthrough in Alzheimer’s research, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) scientists have now made another leap forward in studying neurodegenerative diseases—this time focusing on Parkinson’s disease. \r\n \r\nA research team led by Dr. Margaret S. Ho, Associate Professor at NYCU’s Institute of Neuroscience, has identified a novel cellular pathway that clears toxic proteins from the brain, preventing the death of dopamine-producing neurons, a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease. The study, titled “Drosophila aux orchestrates the phosphorylation-dependent assembly of the lysosomal V-ATPase in glia and contributes to SNCA/α-synuclein degradation,” was recently published in the prestigious international journal Autophagy. \r\n \r\nToxic Protein Buildup: A Shared Culprit in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s \r\n \r\nLike Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of toxic proteins. Dr. Ho’s team discovered that a gene known as GAK (in mice) or aux (in fruit flies) plays a critical role in regulating lysosomal acidification, a process essential for breaking down these proteins, especially alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein), the primary toxic agent in Parkinson’s. \r\n \r\nTheir findings show that this gene is predominantly expressed in glial cells, which regulate lysosomal pH and enzyme activity. Without this gene, the lysosomes lose their acidic environment, preventing them from degrading harmful proteins. As a result, these proteins accumulate and severely damage brain cells. \r\n \r\nAnimal Studies Reveal Striking Similarities to Human Parkinson’s \r\n \r\nExperimental models confirmed the mechanism. Fruit flies lacking the aux gene showed impaired motor abilities and shortened lifespans, while mice without the GAK gene exhibited Parkinson’s-like symptoms such as unsteady gait and slowed movement. These findings closely mirror the degenerative symptoms seen in human patients.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nA Molecular “Valve” for the Brain’s Waste Disposal System \r\n \r\nDr. Ho emphasized that her team had already flagged the GAK/aux gene as a potential player in Parkinson’s disease as early as 2017. This new study goes a step further, identifying the gene as a molecular valve for lysosomal acidification. By maintaining the proper environment inside lysosomes, this valve controls the brain’s ability to break down and clear toxic proteins, effectively powering the cell’s waste disposal system. \r\n \r\n“When this switch fails,” Dr. Ho explained, “the entire system shuts down.” \r\n \r\nA New Hope for Parkinson’s Treatment \r\n \r\n“This discovery is significant,” said Dr. Ho. “It tells us that if we can reactivate this molecular switch, glial cells can once again clear toxic proteins. This opens the door to a promising new therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease.” \r\n \r\nAs global populations continue to age, the urgency for innovative treatments for neurodegenerative diseases has never been higher. NYCU’s discovery not only advances our understanding of Parkinson’s but also brings renewed hope for effective therapies shortly. \r\n \r\nDr. Margaret S. Ho (center) and her research team at NYCU’s Institute of Neuroscience. From left to right: Yi-Hua Lee, Yu-Tung Lin, Yu-Ting Tsai, Yu-Hung Wang, and Chia-Ching Lin.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1379311441714089984&init=Y","expFile":"Dr. Margaret S. Ho, Associate Professor at NYCU’s Institute of Neuroscience"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Personality Predicts Vaccination Behavior: NYCU Decodes Pandemic-Era Psychology","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-05-29","detailContent":"
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Are you the type to proactively seek vaccine updates, or do you wait until someone reminds you to book your shot? A new study from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) finds that personality may play a far greater role in vaccine decisions than previously thought. The study, titled “Adopting the risk information seeking and processing model to examine the impact of personality on vaccination intentions in Taiwan,” was published in the international journal Social Science & Medicine. \r\n \r\nResearch Backed by Psychological Models
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Professor Shu-Chu Sarrina Li of NYCU’s Institute of Communication Studies, together with Associate Professor Shih-Yu Lo, led a research team to investigate how personality influences vaccination decisions. Using the Risk Information Seeking and Processing (RISP) model, the team analyzed how 1,100 individuals in Taiwan sought information and made decisions regarding COVID-19 vaccination during the pandemic. The findings reveal significant behavioral differences based on personality traits when confronting public health risks. \r\n \r\nThe research team applied the widely accepted OCEAN model—Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism—to examine how different personality types process health risk information and act upon it. \r\n \r\n \r\nThe Big Five Personality Traits (photo credit: Getty Images) \r\n \r\nThe study shows that individuals high in conscientiousness and extraversion were the most likely to actively gather pandemic-related information and make clear decisions to get vaccinated. Conscientious individuals tend to be organized and diligent, investing effort into understanding vaccine science and taking action accordingly. Extroverts, on the other hand, may be driven by social influence or concern for family members, prompting them to stay informed and take preventive measures.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nInfluence from Others Matters More Than Fear \r\n \r\nThose with agreeable traits, who value interpersonal relationships, were more likely to be influenced by friends and family when considering vaccination. Meanwhile, individuals high in neuroticism tended to seek information out of fear or anxiety but often absorbed the information in a fragmented and emotionally driven manner. \r\n \r\nSurprisingly, openness—typically associated with curiosity and a willingness to explore new ideas—did not significantly predict whether individuals would engage with public health information. The researchers suggest that pandemic-related social restrictions may have stifled this group’s usual channels of engagement, dampening their motivation to seek information. \r\n \r\nThe study also found that simply perceiving COVID-19 as a serious risk or feeling fear was not enough to prompt information-seeking or vaccine uptake. Instead, social context proved to be a key driver. “When you notice that people around you are taking the issue seriously—or even expecting you to respond—you’re more likely to take action,” explained Professor Li, the study’s principal investigator. \r\n \r\n“This research highlights that vaccine messaging should go beyond a binary ‘to jab or not to jab’ framework,” she explained. Understanding the varied motivations behind people’s health choices is essential. In an era of information overload and rampant misinformation, knowing why individuals choose to believe, act, or wait is the first step in designing effective public health strategies. \r\n \r\nProfessor Shu-Chu Sarrina Li (front row, right) and Associate Professor Shih-Yu Lo (front row, left) from NYCU’s Institute of Communication Studies with their research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1377300363253649408&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Sesamin from Sesame Oil Shows Promise in Combating Bladder Cancer and Enhancing Chemotherapy Effectiveness, NYCU and SKH Study Finds","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-05-28","detailContent":"
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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A new study by National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital (SKH) suggests that sesamin, a natural lignan compound found in sesame oil, may possess anti-cancer properties against bladder cancer. Beyond its known cardiovascular and weight management benefits, sesame may soon be a powerful adjunct in oncology. \r\n \r\nThe study, titled “Antitumor Effects of Sesamin via the LincRNA-p21/STAT3 Axis in Human Bladder Cancer: Inhibition of Metastatic Progression and Enhanced Chemosensitivity,” and recently published in the International Journal of Biological Sciences, reveals that sesamin effectively inhibits key degradative enzymes responsible for breaking down the cellular matrix. This action reduces the invasiveness and metastatic potential of bladder cancer cells. \r\n \r\nUncovering the Molecular Pathway Behind Sesamin’s Anticancer Impact
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\r\nSesamin, a sesame-derived compound, demonstrates potential to suppress bladder cancer metastasis. \r\n \r\nDr. Chao-Yen Ho, attending physician in the Department of Urology at SKH and a doctoral candidate at NYCU’s Institute of Traditional Medicine, explained the breakthrough: “We have mapped a comprehensive molecular pathway showing how sesamin downregulates long non-coding RNA expression, thereby interrupting intracellular signaling and reducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase MMP2—an enzyme critical to cancer cell spread. This offers a safer therapeutic avenue through natural compound intervention.” \r\n \r\nThe research team also discovered that sesamin enhances the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy drugs. This dual action boosts therapeutic efficacy and indicates potential for reducing the required dosage of chemotherapeutic agents, mitigating patient side effects.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nSesame in the Spotlight: From Classical Texts to Clinical Innovation \r\n \r\n“This represents a novel and promising clinical strategy for bladder cancer treatment,” said Dr. I-Sheng Hwang, Director of the Department of Surgery and attending urologist at SKH, who led the study. “Natural products like sesamin could become valuable tools in integrative cancer therapy.” An-Chen Chang from the SKH’s Translational Medicine Center added, “Sesamin demonstrates excellent safety and biocompatibility. This is the first time its anti-metastatic potential in bladder cancer has been scientifically validated.” \r\n \r\nThe findings also resonate with long-standing principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which emphasize the role of food as medicine. Sesame has historically been valued for kidney nourishment and digestive health, as documented in ancient texts such as the Compendium of Materia Medica, which praises its ability to “replenish qi and blood, strengthen the brain, and prolong life.” \r\n \r\nProfessor Tung-Yi Lin, Director of NYCU’s Institute of Traditional Medicine, emphasized the broader significance of the research: “This study not only confirms the anti-tumor mechanism of sesamin using modern molecular biology but also helps bridge traditional medicine and evidence-based science. It adds empirical value to the modernization and clinical application of TCM.” \r\n \r\nWith further clinical trials on the horizon, sesamin’s evolution from kitchen staple to cancer-fighting ally marks a potential paradigm shift in integrative oncology. \r\n \r\nDr. Chao-Yen Ho (second from left), an attending urologist at Shin Kong Hospital, and Professor I-Sheng Hwang (center), Director of the Department of Surgery, are pictured with fellow research team members.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1377125868920377344&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Unveils Strange Metal Mechanism in Superconductors, Opening a Path to Energy-Efficient Technologies","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-05-26","detailContent":"
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Professor Chung-Hou Chung has unveiled the formation mechanism of high-temperature superconductors.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Scientists worldwide have long sought superconductors that carry electrical current without resistance or energy loss. A research team led by Professor Chung-Hou Chung from the Department of Electrophysics at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has made a significant theoretical breakthrough in this pursuit. They have uncovered the formation mechanism of the “strange metal” quantum critical state in cuprates—a mysterious state first observed in 1986 that precedes the emergence of copper-based high-temperature superconductivity. This discovery marks a pivotal step toward solving a 40-year-old puzzle in physics. \r\n \r\nThe Strange Metal Phase: The Precursor to High-Temperature Superconductivity \r\n \r\nUnlike conventional metals, where electrical resistance arises due to electron collisions and energy dissipation, superconductors exhibit zero electrical resistance and perfect diamagnetism, making them ideal for minimizing energy loss. However, superconductivity can only be achieved below a material’s critical temperature.
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\r\nTheoretical Phase Diagram of High-Temperature Superconductivity \r\n \r\nTo unlock the potential for practical, everyday applications, scientists have sought ways to raise this critical temperature, hoping to discover superconductors that operate at room temperature and ambient pressure. Among all known materials, cuprates boast the highest superconducting transition temperatures under ambient pressure, positioning them as leading candidates for room-temperature superconductivity. Yet the underlying mechanism driving their superconducting behavior has remained one of physics’s most perplexing mysteries. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chung explained that before entering the superconducting phase, cuprates exhibit a peculiar “strange metal” state in which electrical resistance decreases linearly with temperature—behavior that sharply deviates from conventional metals. This strange metal phase transitions into a high-temperature superconducting state as the temperature drops. Many physicists now believe that decoding the origins of this peculiar metal state is the key to finally understanding high-temperature superconductivity. \r\n \r\nQuantum Critical Entangled State: The Core of Strange Metal Behavior \r\n \r\nThe NYCU research team has proposed a groundbreaking theory that identifies the “quantum critical entangled state” as the essential nature of strange metals. This state emerges from intense competition between two internal quantum phases in the material: a magnetic spin liquid state and a conventional metallic state. When these two phases are finely balanced, quantum fluctuations drive electrons into a highly entangled state, forming a quantum critical point.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nAccording to Professor Chung, the material experiences pronounced local charge fluctuations near this critical point. This leads to a unique phase—the Planckian strange metal—where the scattering rate between electrons is linearly proportional to temperature and inversely proportional to Planck’s constant. This highly entangled quantum state represents the final gateway before the onset of high-temperature superconductivity. \r\n \r\nThe team applied a similar theoretical framework two years ago to explain the superconducting mechanism in rare-earth-based materials. For the first time, they have successfully explained various experimental data and phenomena in cuprates related to strange metals, including resistivity, electron scattering rates, specific heat, and the interrelationships between strange metal, superconducting, spin liquid, and metallic phases. This offers the strongest theoretical evidence for how superconductivity may emerge from the peculiar metal state. \r\n \r\nNYCU Earns Global Spotlight with Groundbreaking Research Advancing Room-Temperature Superconductivity \r\n \r\nThis original study, conducted independently by Professor Chung-Hou Chung, Dr. Yong-Yeh Zhang (Academia Sinica), Dr. Wen-Hao Ruan (NYCU), and Dr. Kim Remund, has garnered international attention. It was published in the prestigious journal Reports on Progress in Physics by the Institute of Physics (IOP) in the UK and featured prominently as one of the journal’s most-read articles. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chung believes that unraveling the mystery of strange metals sheds light on the conditions necessary to elevate superconducting temperatures and opens the door to designing new materials capable of sustaining superconductivity at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Such advancements would represent a significant milestone in reducing energy consumption and promoting global environmental sustainability. \r\n \r\nThe research team includes Professor Chung-Hou Chung (center), Postdoctoral Researcher Dr. Wen-Hao Ruan (left), and Postdoctoral Researcher Dr. Kim Remund (right).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1376807896372744192&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU TCMGRC Unveils Anti-Cancer Potential of Polysaccharides in Poria and Antrodia Cinnamomea","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-05-19","detailContent":"
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Poria, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, contains a novel compound, Suc40 F3, isolated from its sulfated polysaccharides. In vitro studies have confirmed its dual effects in suppressing inflammation and inhibiting cancer cell growth.
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a groundbreaking study blending centuries-old tradition with modern science, researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have unveiled potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties in polysaccharides extracted from two popular Chinese medicinal herbs—Poria (茯苓) and Taiwan-native Antrodia cinnamomea (牛樟芝). This discovery marks a pivotal step toward the scientific modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). \r\n \r\nWhile polysaccharides have long been believed to play a crucial role in regulating physiological functions, most TCM research has historically focused on small-molecule compounds, leaving the biological potential of these complex carbohydrates largely unexplored. To bridge this critical gap, NYCU’s College of Medicine established Taiwan’s first-ever Traditional Chinese Medicine Glycomics Research Center (TCMGRC), following the founding of its School of Chinese Medicine. The center is dedicated to investigating the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides in traditional herbal remedies and accelerating their clinical applications. \r\n \r\nTaiwan’s First TCMGRC Showcases Breakthrough Research Achievements \r\n \r\nThe center’s current research zeroes in on Poria and Antrodia cinnamomea, both highly valued in folk medicine. Under the leadership of Professor Mei-Kuang Lu, the research team successfully isolated a novel compound, Suc40 F3, from sulfated polysaccharides in Poria. Laboratory tests have confirmed that this compound exhibits dual functionality—effectively suppressing inflammation and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. The team is now actively decoding its chemical structure to pave the way for clinical therapies based on Poria polysaccharides.
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\r\nThe research team is actively analyzing the chemical structure of Suc40 F3, advancing the clinical application of Poria polysaccharides through scientific innovation. \r\n \r\nIn parallel, Professor Tung-Yi Lin’s prior research on the use of Scutellaria baicalensis (黃芩) for oral treatments earned a prestigious gold medal at the 2025 Tokyo International Exhibition of Genius Inventions, showcasing Taiwan’s innovative edge in herbal medicine applications. Professor Lin continues to collaborate with Professor Lu to explore the untapped therapeutic potential of herbal polysaccharides. \r\n \r\n
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Professor Tung-Yi Lin earned the WGC 2025 Gold Award.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nPrecision Agriculture Boosts Antrodia Cinnamomea’s Anti-Cancer Potential \r\n \r\nTurning their focus to Antrodia cinnamomea, a rare medicinal fungus unique to Taiwan, Professors Lin and Lu are pioneering precision agriculture techniques to enhance the yield of its bioactive sulfated polysaccharides. Their experiments show that cultivating Antrodia cinnamomea with specific trace elements—particularly zinc sulfate—significantly increases the production of highly bioactive compounds. These compounds have demonstrated remarkable results in vitro, inhibiting lung cancer cell growth and activating macrophages, key components of the immune system, to further suppress cancer survival. \r\n \r\n“This is a highly interdisciplinary initiative,” said Professor Dong-Yi Lin, Director of the Center and Head of the Institute of Traditional Medicine. “If we can successfully establish a comprehensive biochemical database for TCM polysaccharides, it will not only fill a longstanding research gap but also chart a new course for future drug development based on traditional medicine.” \r\n \r\nDespite these promising advances, the research team cautions that polysaccharide studies remain in their early stages. They advise the public to consult qualified medical professionals before considering polysaccharide-based therapies. \r\n \r\nAs global interest in natural substances for biomedical applications continues to grow, Taiwan’s cutting-edge research into TCM polysaccharides could well become a shining beacon for the future of herbal medicine. These sustained research efforts underscore NYCU’s unwavering commitment to modernizing Chinese medicine and fulfilling the founding mission of its Department of Chinese Medicine. \r\n \r\nProfessors Tung-Yi Lin (front row, right) and Mei-Kuang Lu (front row, left) lead the research team in polysaccharide studies.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1374021637384441856&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and NHRI Study Reveals New Hope for Alzheimer’s Treatment from a Surprising “Virus Warrior” Gene","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-05-15","detailContent":"
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The research team (from right: NHRI Director Dr. Shie-Liang Hsieh, NYCU Institute of Brain Science Associate Professor Han-Juo Cheng, and Ph.D. student Yu-Yi Lin).
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Can a gene once believed to fight only viral infections also hold the key to preventing memory loss in Alzheimer’s patients? In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Taiwan’s National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) have revealed that the immune gene CLEC5A plays a critical role in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease, rewriting the scientific community’s long-held understanding of dementia. Published in the prestigious Journal of Neuroinflammation, this breakthrough offers unprecedented insights into Alzheimer’s disease mechanisms and paves the way for new drug development. \r\n \r\nCLEC5A – The Double-Edged Sword of Immunity \r\n \r\nTraditionally, CLEC5A has been associated with viral defense, activating the immune system in response to diseases like dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, influenza, and COVID-19. It has also been linked to the deadly "cytokine storm" phenomenon. However, in a surprising twist, a research team led by Associate Professor Han-Juo Cheng of NYCU's Institute of Brain Science and Dr. Shie-Liang Hsieh, Director of NHRI's Immunology Research Center, discovered that this gene also plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer's disease. \r\n \r\nUsing genetic engineering techniques, the team bred Alzheimer's model mice that lacked the CLEC5A gene and compared them with normal Alzheimer's mice. The results were astonishing: mice without the CLEC5A gene performed significantly better in memory and learning tests. They showed a marked reduction in harmful β-amyloid plaque accumulation—a hallmark of Alzheimer's pathology. \r\n \r\nBlocking the Gene to Restore Brain Defense \r\n \r\nProfessor Cheng explained that microglia—the brain’s resident immune cells—become hyperactive in response to abnormal β-amyloid buildup, mistakenly attacking healthy neurons and accelerating disease progression. However, when CLEC5A was removed, not only did microglial inflammation decrease, but their ability to clear β-amyloid improved dramatically, slowing the progression of brain degeneration.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nThis discovery positions CLEC5A as a promising new therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s. By designing drugs to block this gene’s protein function, scientists believe they may open a new front in the battle against dementia. \r\n \r\nAn Accidental Breakthrough from the “Virus Warrior” Gene \r\n \r\n“It started as a hunch without solid evidence,” admitted Dr. Hsieh, who previously identified CLEC5A as a key factor in severe dengue and Japanese encephalitis cases. Initially, the team was uncertain whether this virus-related gene could also be implicated in Alzheimer’s. \r\n \r\nHowever, further research revealed that CLEC5A doesn’t just recognize viruses—it’s also involved in autoimmune diseases like lupus, raising suspicions that it might also mistakenly attack the brain’s nerve cells. \r\n \r\nThis landmark study also credits NYCU doctoral students Yu-Yi Lin and Wen-Han Chang for their critical contributions. The findings, now officially published in the Journal of Neuroinflammation, have drawn significant attention from the international scientific community. \r\n \r\nAs Alzheimer’s cases rise globally, this breakthrough led by Taiwan’s scientific teams not only offers a fresh perspective on the disease’s origins but also points to an entirely new direction for drug development. Shortly, targeted therapies against CLEC5A could offer countless families a new beacon of hope in the fight against memory loss.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1372432383034265600&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Revolutionizing Sustainable Fashion: NYCU Develops Self-Healing Material for High-Performance Apparel","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-05-08","detailContent":"
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Professor Jiun-Tai Chen (second from the left, front row) and his research team.
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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The era of discarding high-value functional clothing due to minor damage may soon be over. A breakthrough from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) promises to reshape the future of smart textiles and sustainable fashion. \r\n \r\nA research team led by Distinguished Professor Jiun-Tai Chen, Dean of the College of Science and faculty member in the Department of Applied Chemistry at NYCU, has developed a pioneering material technology with self-healing properties. The innovation was granted a Republic of China (Taiwan) invention patent in January 2025 under the title “Repairable Substrate, Its Preparation Method, and Repair Method.” \r\n \r\nA Game-Changer for the Textile, Medical, and Wearable Tech Industries \r\n \r\nThe team created a self-repairing “ion gel” that allows damaged fabrics to heal autonomously under specific conditions by integrating ionic liquids with specially engineered polymer materials. This groundbreaking advancement significantly extends the lifespan of functional materials and holds immense promise for applications across textile manufacturing, wearable electronics, and biomedical devices. \r\n \r\nAt the heart of the innovation lies a reversible physical cross-linking mechanism. The positive ions in the ionic liquid form stable ion-dipole interactions with fluorinated polymer chains, resulting in a network that can rapidly reassemble when damaged. When the material is coated and subjected to pressure, the damaged area heals efficiently, restoring structure and function. \r\n \r\nTackling Sustainability Challenges in High-Performance Apparel \r\n \r\nWith growing demand for durable and eco-conscious products, consumers increasingly expect their functional clothing and wearable devices to last longer and perform better. However, most high-end gear is prone to irreparable damage, such as scratches and tears, leading to early disposal. This causes economic loss and exacerbates environmental problems through increased waste and energy consumption.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nProfessor Chen’s innovation directly addresses this pain point—enabling materials to recover from damage autonomously and drastically extending product lifespans, thus contributing to cost savings and carbon reduction. \r\n \r\nToward a Greener Future: Circular Design Meets Advanced Materials \r\n \r\nThe patented technology offers broad commercialization potential and could soon be implemented across industries such as smart clothing, athletic performance wear, and advanced medical dressings. It represents a critical step toward circular material design, where products are made to last longer, consume fewer raw materials, and generate less waste. \r\n \r\nBy seamlessly aligning with Taiwan’s push for green transformation and technological innovation, this advancement reinforces NYCU’s commitment to sustainable development and high-impact academic research. The university will continue to foster academia-industry collaboration, bridging market needs with cutting-edge science to support Taiwan’s 2050 Net-Zero Emissions goals and promote a circular resource economy. \r\n \r\nAt the core of the technology is the combination of polymers with varying degrees of crystallinity and ionic liquids to form a self-healing ion gel.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1369895471492894720&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Breakthrough by NYCU and TYGH: Febuxostat Shows Dual Benefits for CKD Patient","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-04-28","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience the accumulation of uremic toxins, which increases oxidative stress and inflammation, subsequently leading to cardiovascular diseases. \r\n \r\nA research team from Taoyuan General Hospital (TYGH), Ministry of Health and Welfare, and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has discovered that Febuxostat, a drug clinically used to treat hyperuricemia, can improve kidney function in animal models by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, offering a promising new avenue for clinical treatment. The findings were published in the internationally renowned journal Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in April 2025. \r\n \r\nOxidative Stress and Inflammation: Key Drivers of Cardiovascular Complications in CKD \r\n \r\nThe study was jointly led by Professor Chih-Hung Chiang of the Department of Urology at Taoyuan General Hospital and Associate Professor Ting-Ting Chang of the Institute of Pharmacology at NYCU. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chiang explained that clinically, patients with CKD are found to have a significantly increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications and higher mortality rates. One possible cause is the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, which elevates oxidative stress and inflammation, impairs vascular function, and consequently contributes to cardiovascular complications and deaths. Thus, oxidative stress and inflammation are considered key drivers behind the rising incidence of cardiovascular complications among CKD patients.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nFocusing on counteracting oxidative stress and inflammation, Chiang and Chang’s research team explored new therapeutic avenues for CKD-related vascular complications. Their findings highlight Febuxostat’s dual role: It not only preserves kidney function in CKD mice through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects but also promotes faster wound healing and enhanced vascular regeneration. \r\n \r\nIn summary, Febuxostat offers kidney-protective and pro-angiogenic benefits in CKD, representing a rare ray of hope for patients suffering from vascular complications. However, the researchers emphasized that further clinical trials must confirm whether Febuxostat can reduce cardiovascular complications in CKD patients. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chih-Hung Chiang (fourth from the left in the back row) of the Department of Urology at Taoyuan General Hospital, Associate Professor Ting-Ting Chang (third from the left in the back row) of the Institute of Pharmacology at NYCU, and other research team members pose for a group photo.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1366306210520764416&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Develops Deep-Ultraviolet Metalens for Advanced Imaging and Micro-Nano Processing","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-04-21","detailContent":"
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Deep-ultraviolet (DUV) precision laser processing
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Researchers from the Institute of Electronics at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have developed innovative deep-ultraviolet metalens, significantly advancing compact, lightweight optical components. This cutting-edge lens, boasting a thickness of just 380 nanometers—less than a human hair—delivers exceptional performance by focusing deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light with unparalleled precision. \r\n \r\nFeatured as the cover story in Nano Letters under the title ‘Deep-Ultraviolet AlN Metalens with Imaging and Ultrafast Laser Microfabrication Applications,’ this breakthrough opens new doors in fields ranging from semiconductor manufacturing to biomedical imaging and diagnostics. \r\n \r\nAdvancing DUV Technology: A Metalens Innovation \r\n \r\nDeep-ultraviolet light, with a wavelength shorter than UVA and UVB, has long been integral to semiconductor processing and advanced imaging applications. However, the high costs and complexities of DUV components have limited their widespread use. \r\n \r\nThe NYCU Institute of Electronics team’s metalens addresses these challenges and achieves a remarkable milestone in DUV optical control. The lens demonstrates extraordinary capabilities by employing aluminum nitride—a material known for its high thermal resistance, chemical stability, and transparency to DUV light. For instance, it can produce nanoscale images and perform ultrafast laser engraving, both firsts in the field. \r\n \r\nAssistant Professor Ming-Lun Tseng, who has dedicated years to developing metalens technology, highlights the transformative potential of this invention. “Deep-ultraviolet technologies are vital to basic research and industrial applications,” Tseng explains. \r\n \r\n“Traditional DUV lenses used for precision laser machining can cost millions of NT dollars. Our approach using metasurfaces—consisting of intricately engineered semiconductor nanoantennas—enables precise light manipulation at a fraction of the cost, paving the way for broader adoption.”
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nMetasurfaces: Shaping the Next Generation of Optical Innovation \r\n \r\nMetasurfaces, made of custom-designed nanostructures, allow engineers to manipulate light in ways conventional optics cannot. The DUV metalens functions like a traditional lens, yet it delivers enhanced capabilities, making it ideal for high-accuracy and efficiency applications. \r\n \r\nIn recent years, such metasurfaces have been helpful in full-color imaging, quantum optics, and biomedical diagnostics. There are rumors that major tech companies like Apple may incorporate this novel optical technology into next-generation devices. \r\n \r\nTseng’s team is optimistic about the metalens’ potential for mass production and commercialization. The lens’s compact size, versatility, and high performance position it as a game-changer in key areas such as silicon photonic device fabrication, biomedical imaging, and semiconductor inspection. \r\n \r\nAs the field of metasurface technology evolves, its ability to bridge scientific innovation and industrial application continues to grow, offering unprecedented opportunities for research and industry alike. \r\n \r\nAssistant Professor Ming-Lun Tseng (center) led the team in developing the deep-ultraviolet metalens.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1364135901025800192&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Develops Brain Degeneration Prediction Technology for More Objective Disease Diagnosis","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-04-07","detailContent":"
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Using AI to Detect Brain Lesions Psychiatric Diagnosis Enters the Era of Brain Science.
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Hsiu-Cheng Faina Chang \r\n______
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Psychiatric diagnosis has long relied on clinical interviews and patient history, often lacking objective and quantifiable evaluation standards. To tackle this challenge, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH) have made groundbreaking advancements in brain imaging and artificial intelligence. \r\n \r\nSince 2019, Professor Chih-Chieh Yang—Chair of the NYCU School of Medicine and Director of the Digital Medicine and Smart Healthcare Center—has led the development of a cutting-edge brain imaging analysis technology capable of accurately localizing brain degeneration across different ages and stages of psychiatric illness. By harnessing AI to detect abnormalities invisible to the human eye, this technology significantly enhances the objectivity and precision of psychiatric diagnoses. \r\n \r\nNow successfully implemented in clinical services at TVGH, this innovation has not only transformed diagnostic practices but also earned international recognition with the prestigious 2025 Edison Awards in the United States—underscoring its global impact on psychiatric research and clinical care. \r\n
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\r\nProfessor Chih-Chieh Yang, Chair of the NYCU School of Medicine, received the 2025 Edison Award for his groundbreaking contributions to psychiatric diagnosis and global mental health care. \r\n \r\nAt the core of this technology is a precise quantitative method for assessing brain degeneration across various regions. Based on long-term observations of brain aging and disease progression, the research team has established a degeneration trajectory model covering 138 gray and white matter regions. This model predicts the deterioration trends of specific brain regions based on the patient's age and disease stage, enabling targeted diagnosis and more precise treatments. \r\n \r\nProfessor Yang explains that the brain undergoes continuous degeneration in psychiatric disorders, but the patterns vary across different regions. Previous AI-based brain imaging technologies had struggled to establish causal relationships and track disease progression. However, the new technology overcomes these limitations by accurately predicting brain degeneration based on a patient's age and disease stage.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nProfessor Chih-Chieh Yang, Chair of the NYCU School of Medicine, led the development of an AI-powered brain imaging technology now implemented at TVGH—an innovation that earned international acclaim with the 2025 Edison Awards for its transformative impact on psychiatric diagnosis and global mental health care. \r\n \r\nThe technology has already been applied to research and clinical evaluations of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Findings indicate that patients with schizophrenia experience significant brain volume shrinkage over 22 years post-onset, with abnormalities in cortical thickness observed in the early stages, particularly affecting the frontal, temporal, and insular lobes. The patients with bipolar disorder and major depression show distinct abnormalities in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex, respectively. These discoveries offer important insights for enhancing treatments such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation, allowing for more precise targeting of affected brain regions. \r\n \r\nThis groundbreaking technology not only overcomes the limitations of existing deep learning systems in brain imaging analysis but also provides psychiatry with a scientific and quantifiable diagnostic tool. In the future, it is expected to be expanded for the early diagnosis and assessment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. \r\n \r\n \r\nBrain imaging technology reveals disease-specific brain degeneration in psychiatric disorders, enabling targeted treatments and paving the way for early diagnosis of conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1362696923688996864&init=Y","expFile":"Using AI to Detect Brain Lesions Psychiatric Diagnosis Enters the Era of Brain Science"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1358647326184312832&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Chih-Chieh Yang, Chair of the NYCU School of Medicine, received the 2025 Edison Award for his groundbreaking contributions to psychiatric diagnosis and global mental health care."},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1358647326356279296&init=Y","expFile":"This advanced brain imaging technology maps degeneration trajectories across 138 gray and white matter regions, enabling age- and disease-stage-specific predictions that significantly enhance the accuracy of psychiatric diagnoses and support the development of personalized treatment plans."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Develops Hair-Thin Fiber-Optic Microphone for Clear, Interference-Free Sound Transmission","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-04-01","detailContent":"
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Professor Cheng-Yang Liu of NYCU unveils a groundbreaking fiber-optic microphone as thin as a human hair, capable of capturing clear sound signals while resisting electromagnetic interference—paving the way for advancements in mobile and medical applications.
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Hsiu-Cheng Faina Chang \r\n______
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National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has showcased a fiber-optic microphone as thin as a human hair. Despite its minimal size, this microphone can accurately capture sound signals, making it highly valuable for use in mobile phones, wearable devices, cochlear implants, hearing aids, and various other electronic products. \r\n \r\nTraditional microphones are highly susceptible to electromagnetic interference, which leads to unclear sound signals due to added noise. To address this issue, Professor Cheng-Yang Liu's research team from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at NYCU, in collaboration with Dr. Po-Hung Li, the director of the Otolaryngology at Cheng Hsin General Hospital, and the Taiwan Instrument Research Institute (TIRI), has successfully developed a fiber-optic microphone. \r\n \r\nUnlike traditional microphones, this innovative microphone utilizes optical fibers to transmit signals, effectively avoiding electromagnetic interference from mental components. It maintains stable and precise sound transmission, even in environments with strong electromagnetic fields. \r\n \r\nThe research team integrated cut single-mode optical fibers with capillaries and hydrogel films to fabricate and evaluate thin films composed of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and graphene oxide. They evaluated the effects of various hydrogel concentrations on the thickness and mechanical properties of the microphone, leading to the development of this fiber-optic microphone.
\r\n \r\n \r\nDue to its tiny size, this microphone is ideal for use in hearing aids, cochlear implants, mobile phones, and other medical and consumer electronics. It has significant commercial potential in fields such as photoacoustic imaging, health monitoring, nondestructive testing, and medical clinical applications. \r\n \r\nProfessor Liu stated that this microphone effectively covers a wide range of human hearing frequencies, accurately capturing sounds between 100 to 10,000 Hz while minimizing background noise—almost completely eliminating the "hiss" often heard with traditional headphones. Even after continuous eight-hour signal measurements, the deviation remained stable. He emphasized that the primary advantages of the fiber-optic microphone are its simple structure, low cost, and reliable signal transmission. Additionally, since it contains no metal components, it is immune to electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for mass production. \r\n \r\nThe fiber-optic microphone represents a technological breakthrough and offers a new solution to the issue of electromagnetic interference found in traditional microphones. The research findings have been published in the prestigious optics journal Optics & Laser Technology. \r\n \r\n \r\nThe research findings have been published in the journal Optics & Laser Technology, presenting a breakthrough solution to electromagnetic interference and ensuring clear, stable sound for medical and consumer applications. \r\n \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1356532775078858752&init=Y","expFile":"Cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1356532775322128384&init=Y","expFile":"NYCU's fiber-optic microphone eliminates electromagnetic interference, ensuring clear and stable sound transmission."},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1356532775431180288&init=Y","expFile":"The research findings have been published in the journal Optics & Laser Technology, presenting a breakthrough solution to electromagnetic interference and ensuring clear, stable sound for medical and consumer applications."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Study Links Improved Air Quality to Better Brain Health in Older Adults","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-03-25","detailContent":"
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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While air pollution is widely known to contribute to lung cancer, recent research suggests it may also impact brain health, potentially increasing the risk of dementia. \r\n \r\nA recent epidemiological study conducted by National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has found that improved air quality is closely linked to enhanced attention and better structural integrity of brain white matter in older adults. Published in Environment International under the title “Yearly Change in Air Pollution and Brain Aging Among Older Adults: A Community-Based Study in Taiwan”, the study provides valuable insights into the potential mechanisms connecting air pollution and brain health. \r\n \r\nTracking Pollution’s Impact: A Decade-Long Study on Air Quality and Brain Health \r\n \r\nThe research analyzed data from 412 healthy individuals aged 60 and above residing in rural and urban communities. Using spatial models, researchers estimated the participants’ exposure to air pollutants over 10 years, including delicate particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and suspended particles (PM10). Participants also underwent cognitive function tests and MRI scans to assess brain structure changes. \r\n
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\r\nMedical students are attending a biochemistry lab class. \r\n \r\nThe finding revealed that reduced PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations were positively associated with improved attention in elderly participants. MRI scans further indicated decreased pollutant levels correlated with better structural integrity in several white matter regions responsible for attention and memory. \r\n \r\nBridging the Knowledge Gap: NYCU Study Unveils Air Quality’s Role in Brain Health \r\n \r\nAlthough the exact mechanisms by which air pollution affects the brain remain unclear, scientists widely believe that pollutants may stimulate the immune system through olfactory pathways, triggering systemic inflammation. This process may damage the blood-brain barrier, inflame cerebral blood vessels, and ultimately impair neurological health. \r\n \r\nDr. Yi-Fang Chuang, Associate Professor at NYCU’s Institute of Public Health and lead author of the research, emphasized that air pollution has long been considered a significant risk factor for cognitive decline. However, research exploring the structural impact of air pollution on the brain has been limited. “Our study fills this scientific gap, demonstrating the potential benefits of improved air quality for attention and white matter integrity in older adults,” Chuang stated.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nProfessor Chuang further highlighted that while genetic factors are unavoidable in brain aging, lifestyle choices and environmental factors can be adjusted to slow cognitive decline. “Improving air quality not only protects the environment but also enhances brain health and cognitive function in the elderly,” she added. \r\n \r\nUniting Expertise: Collaborative Efforts Unlock Key Findings \r\n \r\nDr. Wen-Chi Pan, Associate Professor at NYCU’s Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, was key in interpreting the study’s data. He noted that this research is particularly significant in environmental health, as previous studies from Western countries have primarily focused on air pollution’s links to cardiovascular disease and lung cancer. Studies investigating air pollution’s impact on brain health, especially in Asian populations, have been relatively rare. \r\n \r\nThe study also benefited from the expertise of Professor Chih-Da Wu from National Cheng Kung University’s Department of Geomatics, who provided air pollution exposure estimates for participants over the past decade. His contributions were pivotal in enabling the team to identify these significant findings. \r\n \r\nA Call for Change: Improving Air Quality for a Healthier Future \r\n \r\nThe research team stressed that improving air quality is crucial for environmental protection and a vital strategy for promoting public health, particularly in aging societies. As populations worldwide grow older, safeguarding cognitive well-being through better environmental policies becomes increasingly urgent. \r\n \r\nBy shedding light on the connection between air pollution and brain health, the NYCU study underscores the need for collective efforts — from policymakers to community members — to reduce pollutant exposure. With targeted actions to improve air quality, societies can foster healthier aging, preserve cognitive function, and enhance overall quality of life. \r\n \r\nThe study was led by Associate Professor Yi-Fang Chuang (second from right), with Associate Professor Wen-Chi Pan (second from left) responsible for data interpretation and analysis. The research team also included medical graduate Ying-Cen Lin (first from left) and sixth-year medical student Kang-Chen Fan (first from right).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1353719150194724864&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Enhanced Display Longevity: NYCU Develop World’s First AI Model to Restore Screen Brightness","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-03-11","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Have you ever noticed your smartphone or laptop screen gradually losing brightness and color after a few years? A research team led by Professor Paul C.-P. Chao from the Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has tackled this long-standing issue. \r\n \r\nBy integrating embedded AI technology, the team developed the world’s first intelligent AI model that dynamically compensates for screen brightness degradation based on user behavior and environmental temperature, ensuring optimal display performance. The team’s findings were published in the prestigious IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics journal. \r\n
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\r\nThe world’s first AI intelligent model that dynamically compensates for display brightness degradation in real-time, ensuring optimal screen performance. \r\n \r\nSolving OLED Dimming at Its Root \r\n \r\nProfessor Chao explained that OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) brightness degradation is a recognized technical challenge in the industry. Most manufacturers perform burn-in tests before shipment and apply uniform compensation based on average data. However, individual product variations and differing user habits make this one-size-fits-all approach insufficient to meet every consumer’s needs. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chao’s team dedicated two years to developing an innovative compensation system to address this issue. The research involved building a model to precisely estimate the internal temperature distribution of displays, collecting data on OLED brightness decay, and incorporating environmental temperature information.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nRestoring Brightness with AI Precision \r\n \r\nThe AI compensation technology can restore the brightness of red, green, and blue primary colors to approximately 90%. \r\n \r\n“Research thrives on challenges, and that’s where we head,” Professor Chao remarked. Having successfully addressed display brightness degradation, his team aims to tackle even more complex challenges, such as color compensation for Micro OLED displays in AR/VR glasses and bidirectional photoelectric conversion in optical sensors. The team envisions advancing light-to-energy conversion technology to minimize performance degradation caused by brightness and color decay. \r\n \r\nThis groundbreaking AI compensation technology resolves the persistent issue of display degradation and opens new possibilities for next-generation display technologies and optoelectronic applications. Additionally, the technology is now being integrated into products by Taiwan’s largest display manufacturer, promising an enhanced visual experience for consumers worldwide. \r\n \r\n \r\nProfessor Paul C.-P. Chao specializes in AI sensing, chip design, and biomedical sensing technologies, dedicating his efforts to advancing smart technology innovation.
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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Translated by Yi-Chen Emily Li \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a significant breakthrough for global sustainability efforts, an international study team at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has developed the world's first "triazole organic molecular catalyst" capable of efficiently converting carbon dioxide into methane. The revolutionary technology opens new possibilities for negative carbon technologies as the world moves toward 2050 net-zero carbon emission goals. \r\n \r\nThe groundbreaking research, titled "Electroreduction of CO2 to methane with triazole molecular catalysts," was published in the prestigious journal Nature Energy, attracting significant attention and recognition from academic and industrial sectors worldwide. \r\n
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\r\nThe study team confirmed that the amino groups in the triazole molecules efficiently adsorb carbon dioxide and promote subsequent catalytic reactions. \r\n \r\nMethane Conversion Offers Path to Carbon Neutrality \r\n \r\nMethane, the primary component of natural gas, represents an important target for carbon dioxide conversion. Successfully transforming CO2 into methane offers a potential natural gas supply and contributes to net-zero emissions through carbon recycling. However, cost factors and catalyst materials have long presented bottlenecks for negative carbon technologies. \r\n \r\nThe international research team featured Assistant Professor Sung-Fu Hung from the Department of Applied Chemistry at NYCU, who holds prestigious appointments as a Ministry of Education Yushan Young Scholar and National Science Council 2030 Cross-Generation Young Scholar. Collaborating with Hung were Assistant Professor Ying Wang from the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Senior Lecturer Ziyun Wang from the University of Auckland, New Zealand, forming a cross-institutional partnership spanning multiple regions.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n"Traditional negative carbon technologies can effectively convert carbon dioxide into useful carbon compounds like methane, but most rely on high-cost metal catalysts, limiting possibilities for large-scale application," explained Professor Hung. "Organic molecular catalysts have gradually gained attention in recent years due to their low cost and material availability. However, improving their catalytic efficiency and stability has remained a major technical challenge." \r\n \r\nTo address this challenge, the research team innovatively designed triazole organic molecules that significantly enhanced CO2 conversion efficiency and operational stability. Studies showed the catalyst could operate stably in a membrane electrode assembly with a current of 10 amperes, achieving a methane production rate of 23.0 millimoles (mmol) per hour with a 52 ± 4% conversion rate. Furthermore, the technology can directly regulate the generation of usable town gas, achieving sustainable carbon cycling goals. \r\n \r\nThis discovery provides new principles for designing organic molecular catalysts, advancing negative carbon technology development, and strengthening its crucial role in achieving net-zero emissions. \r\n \r\nMoving Toward Net-Zero \r\n \r\nProfessor Hung stated that this research not only breaks through the auxiliary role of organic molecular catalysts in negative carbon technology but also improves their cost-effectiveness and application potential. "The research team has proposed design principles for organic small-molecule materials, establishing a solid foundation for expanding their industrial applications. We hope this technology will help address the 2050 net-zero carbon emission challenge and lead to rapid global development of carbon cycling technologies." \r\n \r\n \r\nThe Study Team: Professor Sung-Fu Hung and students posing for a group photo.
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Durgesh Kumar Ojha, the first author of the research paper
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping our world at an unprecedented pace, driving innovations from autonomous vehicles to medical diagnostics. However, as the demand for AI applications soars, the energy consumption associated with traditional AI computation has become a pressing concern. \r\n \r\nA research team from the International College of Semiconductor Technology at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has achieved a key technological breakthrough, paving the way for a more efficient and energy-saving computing paradigm. The study, now published in the prestigious journal Nano Letters, represents a significant step forward in neuromorphic computing—an approach that emulates the human brain’s ability to learn and adapt. \r\n \r\nAdvancing Neuromorphic Computing through Low-Energy AI Models \r\n \r\nThe team’s innovation centers around “field-free switching” (FFS), accomplished through a heterostructure device based on magnetic materials (W/Pt/Co/NiO/Pt), utilizing spintronics technology. This design eliminates the need for an external magnetic field, enabling magnetic switching with dramatically reduced energy consumption and enhanced efficiency. \r\n \r\nBased on this foundation, the researchers developed low-energy artificial synapses and neurons, applying them to a three-layer artificial neural network (ANN). Their neural networks demonstrated high-accuracy performance on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets, showcasing a human-brain-like operational model. These advancements open new doors for rapid processing in AI applications such as autonomous driving, intelligent surveillance, and medical imaging diagnostics.
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\r\n \r\nDual-PhD Student Overcomes Challenges, Pioneers AI Research \r\n \r\nDurgesh Kumar Ojha, a dual-PhD student at NYCU and the Indian Institute of Technology, led the research. Despite personal challenges that once caused a temporary pause in his studies, Ojha returned to Taiwan and overcame these difficulties, ultimately publishing his findings in a top-tier journal. \r\n \r\nAfter graduation, he desired to contribute to Taiwan’s high-tech industry, hoping this research would elevate smart device technologies to new heights. The project’s supervising professor, Dr. Yuan-Chieh Tseng, noted that the achievement has garnered significant international academic attention and lays a critical foundation for the future of smart electronics. \r\n \r\nAs energy-efficient computing becomes an essential goal for next-generation electronics, NYCU’s breakthrough highlights the transformative potential of AI and neuromorphic computing. The team’s dedication is reshaping global perceptions of intelligent computing, promising safer and more convenient lives for all. \r\n \r\n \r\nAn illustration shows right-handed spin-orbit torque magnetic memory in a neuromorphic computing approach to MNIST and Fashion MNIST.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/doc?module=headnews&detailNo=1338771209382268928&type=s","pdffileurl":"","odffileurl":"","expFile":"Neuromorphic Computing with Emerging Antiferromagnetic Ordering in Spin−Orbit Torque Devices"}],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1338769354157723648&init=Y","expFile":"cover image (photo credit: Getty Images)"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU and Global Teams Achieve Breakthrough in Quantum Communication, Strengthening Cybersecurity","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-02-04","detailContent":"
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(Photo credit: Getty Images)
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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The digital era has brought unprecedented convenience but has also introduced new cybersecurity challenges. Quantum communication, with its unique physical properties, offers a crucial solution for secure data transmission in the future. In collaboration with top domestic and international teams, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) researchers have made a significant breakthrough in quantum key distribution (QKD) technology, enhancing communication stability and resistance to interference. \r\n \r\nTheir findings, published in the international journal APL Photonics, lay a solid foundation for cybersecurity protection. This breakthrough accelerates the practical application of quantum encryption and paves the way for advancements in network security, financial transactions, and national defense.
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\r\nAdvancing Quantum Communication Stability for Secure Encryption \r\n
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A research team led by Dr. Hao-Chung Kuo, Director of the Semiconductor Research Center at Hon Hai Research Institute (HHRI) and Chair Professor at NYCU, has achieved a significant breakthrough in QKD technology. \r\n \r\nPartnering with NYCU, National Taiwan University (NTU), and Japan’s National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), the team developed an innovative asynchronous bit-rate encoding and decoding technique, which significantly enhances quantum key stability and interference resistance while reducing the error rate. This breakthrough sets the stage for the next generation of quantum encryption applications. \r\n \r\nBy employing asynchronous encoding and decoding techniques, the team successfully minimized optical path discrepancies in the delay-line interferometer (DLI), expanding the free spectral range (FSR) and dramatically improving the system’s resilience to thermal disturbances. Experimental results demonstrated that extending the FSR to 1 GHz reduced the quantum bit error rate (QBER) to 2.2% while increasing the secure key rate (SKR) to 77.32 kbps—marking a significant leap toward stable quantum communication.
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\r\n \r\nAdditionally, the team adopted high-stability distributed feedback laser diodes (DFBLDs) as the light source, controlling wavelength fluctuations within ±0.05 pm. This advancement significantly reduced long-term decoding errors and improved overall system stability. \r\n \r\nCompared to conventional synchronous techniques, this asynchronous DPS-QKD technology greatly enhances interference resistance, reduces reliance on high-precision temperature and current control equipment, lowers operational costs, and offers a more flexible solution for real-world quantum communication applications. \r\n \r\nUshering in the Era of Quantum Security with Expansive Applications \r\n \r\nThis breakthrough paves the way for the practical implementation of QKD in network security, finance, and military applications, bringing quantum communication technology closer to real-world adoption. The research team emphasized that they will continue refining decoding algorithms and expanding large-scale quantum communication system deployments, accelerating the development of next-generation secure communication networks. \r\n \r\nThe decoding performance of the asynchronous-bit-rate DPS QKD streams when using different fiberized DLIs with the corresponding FSRs of 40, 192 MHz, and 1 GHz. (a) QBER and (b) SKR obtained at DLI’s visibility of 91.76%; (c) QBER and (d) SKR obtained at DLI’s visibility of maximum (∼96%); (e) the simulated visibility vs temperature fluctuation; and (f) the zoom-in plots showing the slope of the visibility vs temperature gradient suppressed with increasing FSR.
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(Photo credit: ArtRepublic)
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Edited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a groundbreaking advancement, researchers at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have significantly improved the performance of near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors, paving the way for innovations in cancer detection and biomedical treatments. \r\n \r\nThis cutting-edge technology enhances the sensitivity of photodetectors to faint light, enabling precise measurement of tumor size, location, and composition, which can aid medical professionals in devising accurate diagnostic and treatment plans. The findings were published in the prestigious journal Small in December 2024.
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\r\nTackling Material Challenges with Innovative Solutions \r\n
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The study, led by Associate Professor Chih-Shan Tan from the Institute of Electronics—ranked among the top 2% of global scientists—focused on enhancing NIR photodetectors. These devices absorb near-infrared light (wavelengths between 700 nm and 2500 nm) and convert it into electrical signals. NIR light’s longer wavelength and lower energy allow it to penetrate deeper into biological tissues with minimal damage, making it an ideal tool for medical diagnostics, surgery, and treatment. \r\n \r\nMoreover, NIR light is less affected by autofluorescence from biological systems, ensuring high-precision imaging. However, the stability of existing materials has posed a significant challenge in advancing this technology.
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\r\nRevolutionary Material Enhancements \r\n
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Graduate student Yu-Hsuan Lai spearheaded a revolutionary solution targeting tin-based perovskite, a lead-free, eco-friendly material with great potential. Lai introduced a protective layer of large alkylammonium ions, employing a dual-surface passivation technique that effectively stabilized the material, dramatically improving its photodetection capabilities and durability.
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\r\n \r\nThis innovation also significantly reduced material defect density, enabling the photodetector to detect faint signals with unprecedented precision—a major leap forward for NIR photodetection. \r\n \r\nAccording to Associate Professor Tan, this technology is particularly effective for wavelengths in the 650-900 nm range. It combines deep tissue penetration with minimal damage, making it exceptionally suited for medical imaging and diagnostic applications. \r\n
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Implications for Cancer Detection and Sustainable Technology \r\n \r\nThis breakthrough not only elevates cancer detection and biomedical diagnostics to new heights but also serves as a valuable reference for research into environmentally friendly optoelectronic materials. It showcases NYCU’s commitment to technological innovation and highlights Taiwan’s growing influence in the fields of semiconductors and sensor technologies. \r\n \r\n \r\nLaboratory Group Photo: The first author of the article, Yu-Hsuan Lai (fourth from the right in the front row), and the corresponding author, Associate Professor Chih-Shan Tan (fifth from the right in the front row), capture this significant moment with their research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1328629951603150848&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Proteins Assemble Like Superheroes? NYCU Research on “Proteins with IDRs” Offers New Hope for Neurodegenerative Diseases","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2025-01-07","detailContent":"
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(Photo credit: Getty Images)
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Translated by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Can proteins assemble in response to a call like superheroes? A research team at the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has uncovered how proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), despite their lack of fixed structure, aggregate in a highly regulated manner. \r\n \r\nDriven by changes in environmental pH, this process reveals new molecular mechanisms with promising implications for neurodegenerative disease treatments. This study, published in the prestigious journal Advanced Science, opens the door to potential drug targets and therapeutic strategies. \r\n \r\nProteins with IDRs: Dynamic Executors of Cellular Functions \r\n \r\nThe research highlights Galectin-3, a protein pivotal in lysosome repair and a key marker of cellular damage. Abnormal aggregation of Galectin-3 has been closely linked to neurodegenerative diseases, but its underlying mechanisms were not well understood until now. \r\n \r\nThe team, led by Professor Jie-Rong Huang, demonstrated that Galectin-3 adjusts its aggregation behavior based on intracellular pH levels. Specific interactions within the protein structure mediate this regulation: positively charged residues in the protein’s folded domain interact with aromatic residues in its IDR via cation–π interactions, while π–π interactions occur between IDRs. Additionally, two negatively charged residues in Galectin-3’s IDR serve as pH-sensitive “safety valves,” fine-tuning the protein’s tendency to condense and preventing excessive aggregation. \r\n \r\nThese findings offer new insights into how electrostatic and molecular interactions regulate the delicate balance between disordered and structured regions of proteins, shedding light on previously unrecognized mechanisms.
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\r\nThe aggregation patterns of proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in a pH 7 environment were observed under an optical microscope.
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\r\n \r\nBalancing Aggregation: From Cellular Harmony to Disease \r\n \r\nDespite their lack of fixed structure, proteins with IDRs display remarkable functional flexibility. Under normal conditions, they form regulated assemblies to collaborate with other proteins and perform essential cellular tasks. However, abnormal aggregation can disrupt this balance, leading to disease. For example, Galectin-3’s unregulated aggregation may contribute to amyloid plaque formation, accelerating the progression of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s. \r\n \r\nBy identifying the charge-driven mechanisms governing protein aggregation, this research advances the understanding of IDR-associated proteins and reveals potential therapeutic strategies. Future treatments may exploit these regulatory pathways to prevent harmful protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases. \r\n \r\nYoung Scholars Pioneering Breakthroughs \r\n \r\nProfessor Jie-Rong Huang (left) with his research team: PhD student Yung-Chen Sun (center) and Master’s student Tzung-Lun Hsieh (right). \r\n \r\nThe study was co-authored by NYCU graduates Yung-Chen Sun and Tzung-Lun Hsieh, who contributed as joint first authors. Both researchers began their journeys as undergraduates in Professor Huang’s lab, gaining significant experience in cutting-edge molecular biology. Their work highlights the innovative power of young scientists and underscores the importance of fostering early research opportunities. \r\n \r\nThis study illuminates the intricate order hidden within the “disordered” realm of proteins with IDRs. As superheroes assemble to protect the world, these proteins respond to specific cues to maintain cellular function and stability. Their ability to aggregate and disaggregate in response to environmental changes highlights their essential role in cellular health. \r\n \r\nLooking ahead, these “disordered heroes” may unlock transformative advancements in medicine, offering new hope for combating devastating diseases through innovative therapeutic interventions.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/doc?module=headnews&detailNo=1326107247171866624&type=s","pdffileurl":"","odffileurl":"","expFile":"A Few Charged Residues in Galectin‐3 s Folded and Disordered Regions Regulate Phase"}],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1326106213674389504&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Professor Tzyh-Chang Hwang Deciphers Pathogenic Protein Structure, Advancing Drug Development for Cystic Fibrosis and Diarrheal Diseases","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-12-03","detailContent":"
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Professor Tzyh-Chang Hwang (left) and his research team from the Institute of Pharmacology have unraveled the structure of a pathogenic protein, paving the way for a new generation of treatments for cystic fibrosis, diarrhea, and other related diseases.
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Translated by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Why do drugs work in humans but not in pigs, even when the same genes are involved? A groundbreaking study by Professor Tzyh-Chang Hwang from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has revealed the structural intricacies of the cystic fibrosis (CF) protein, providing insights into how minor structural variations influence drug efficacy. This discovery could pave the way for a new generation of treatments for cystic fibrosis, diarrheal diseases, and beyond. \r\n \r\nDecoding CFTR: Unveiling the Protein’s Role in Cystic Fibrosis and Diarrheal Diseases \r\n \r\nThe cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is essential for regulating chloride ion (a type of electrolyte) transport and maintaining proper hydration across cell membranes, which is crucial for the respiratory and digestive systems. Mutations in CFTR disrupt these pathways, leading to cystic fibrosis, a disease that impairs breathing and digestion. Conversely, hyperactive CFTR proteins can result in excessive fluid transport, causing secretory diarrhea. \r\n \r\nUsing advanced cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), Professor Tzyh-Chang Hwang from the Institute of Pharmacology and his team successfully mapped the complete structure of the CFTR protein. They identified how specific inhibitors bind to CFTR, triggering structural changes that reduce activity. This mechanism provides a new explanation for previously unexplained pharmacological effects and offers valuable insights for developing CFTR-targeted therapies. \r\n \r\nInterestingly, while pigs also possess CFTR proteins, the same inhibitors that are effective in humans show limited efficacy in pigs. To unravel this mystery, the research team swapped structural segments of the CFTR protein between humans and pigs.
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\r\n \r\nBridging the Gap: How Structural Insights Transform Drug Efficacy Across Species \r\n \r\nThe results showed that pig CFTR proteins began responding to inhibitors similarly to human CFTR proteins, demonstrating how minor structural differences can significantly impact drug responses. \r\n \r\n“Observing cellular functions at the molecular and atomic levels has always been my scientific dream,” said Professor Huang. He emphasized that past medical research often focused on organ or cellular scales, limiting understanding of disease mechanisms and drug action principles. Such limitations hindered the development of next-generation therapies. \r\n \r\nProfessor Huang highlighted that while most drugs target proteins, the lack of precise knowledge about how these drugs interact with their protein targets has been a significant challenge. Cryo-EM technology now enables scientists to decode protein structures with unprecedented accuracy, unlocking new possibilities for structure-based drug design. \r\n \r\nThe team’s groundbreaking findings, titled “Allosteric Inhibition of CFTR Gating by CFTRinh-172 Binding in the Pore,” were published in Nature Communications, marking a significant advancement in the scientific understanding of CFTR regulation and its role in rare diseases like cystic fibrosis. Leveraging cutting-edge structural biology, this research is poised to accelerate the development of targeted therapies for conditions such as cystic fibrosis, secretory diarrhea, and polycystic kidney disease, offering renewed hope to patients worldwide.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1313350036993609728&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1313350037245267968&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Tzyh-Chang Hwang and his research team."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"From Literary Authorship Analysis to Disease Diagnosis: NYCU’s Mathematical Model Advances Early Alzheimer’s Detection","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-11-11","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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A mathematical model developed years ago to analyze the authenticity of Shakespeare’s works and Dream of the Red Chamber has now been found applicable to detecting structural changes in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients. This technology reveals differences between the brain structures of Alzheimer’s patients and healthy individuals, improving diagnostic efficiency and introducing a novel diagnostic method. \r\n \r\nThe study, “Exploring morphological similarity and randomness in Alzheimer’s disease using adjacent grey matter voxel-based structural analysis,” has been published in Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. \r\n \r\nBreakthrough in Mathematical Applications: Distinguishing Healthy and Diseased Brain Structures \r\n \r\nProfessor Albert Chih-Chieh Yang, Chair of the Department of Medicine at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), developed this mathematical model years ago. It was initially used for analyzing heart rate sequences, genetic nucleotide sequences, and even literary authenticity. Professor Yang once employed the model to identify potential forgeries in Shakespeare’s works and to suggest that Xue-Qin Cao may not have authored the last 40 chapters of Dream of the Red Chamber. \r\n \r\nIn this latest research, Professor Yang’s model was successfully applied to MRI images, transforming neuron density data into quantitative insights that distinguish Alzheimer ’s-affected brains from healthy ones, thus accelerating the diagnostic process. \r\n \r\nA New Diagnostic Avenue for Alzheimer’s: From Symptom Observation to Structural Analysis \r\n \r\nCurrent Alzheimer’s diagnoses primarily rely on symptom observation, with Amyloid PET scans as the only option for early detection. This research introduces a novel pathway, enabling scientists to diagnose Alzheimer’s more effectively.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n“Just like a house, once you understand the structure, you can compare and identify differences,” Professor Yang explains. He notes that Alzheimer’s brains exhibit structural disarray, potentially due to the irregular deposition of amyloid proteins disrupting neuronal alignment. \r\n \r\nNew Hope for Brain Disease Diagnosis \r\n \r\nProfessor Yang emphasizes that this approach may extend beyond Alzheimer’s to other brain disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and Parkinson’s disease. While these are often diagnosed through functional assessments, this new structural data could facilitate earlier detection and treatment. \r\n \r\nWith these advancements in Alzheimer’s diagnostics, this mathematical model is set to revolutionize traditional brain disease diagnosis, paving the way for more accurate and early medical assessments and ultimately offering patients more effective treatment options. \r\n \r\n \r\nChair of the Department of Medicine, Professor Albert C Yang (center), with the study’s first and second authors, Master’s student in Neuroscience Ting-Yu Chen (right) and Dr. Jun-Ding Zhu (left). \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1305456941564170240&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"TVGH-NYCU Research Team Unveils Breakthrough in Lung Adenocarcinoma: New Mechanism Identified to Overcome Drug Resistance","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-10-24","detailContent":"
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Photo credit: Getty Images
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Translated by Chance Lai \r\n______
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A research team from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH) has made a groundbreaking discovery in the fight against lung adenocarcinoma, the most common form of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The team identified a key mechanism behind tumor growth and metastasis, which could potentially lead to strategies that overcome drug resistance—an issue that has plagued the treatment of lung cancer despite advancements in medical technology. \r\n \r\nUnveiling the Tumor’s Immune Evasion Tactics \r\n \r\nLung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Taiwan, with NSCLC accounting for approximately 85% of cases. Among them, adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent subtype. One of the significant challenges in treating lung adenocarcinoma is its tendency to metastasize and develop resistance to therapies. Researchers discovered that a transcription factor known as NKX2-1, crucial for lung tissue differentiation, plays a pivotal role in the tumor microenvironment. \r\n \r\nThe team found that reduced expression of NKX2-1 is closely associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. This decrease triggers tumor cells to manipulate the immune system, particularly neutrophils—white blood cells that typically serve as the body’s first line of defense. Instead of attacking the tumor, these cells are recruited to support its growth and spread.
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\r\nIn the animal model, the infiltration of neutrophils into the tumor cells can be observed, with higher levels of red indicating more severe infiltration. \r\n \r\nThe Switch: Why Do White Blood Cells Aid Tumor Growth? \r\n \r\nWhile the scientific community has long known that NKX2-1 is a key regulator in lung tissue differentiation, its downstream mechanisms have remained elusive—until now. The research, led by Professor Shih-Hwa Chiou from NYCU’s Institute of Pharmacology, found that when NKX2-1 expression decreases, cancer cells secrete CXCL chemokines. These chemokines interact with CXCR2 receptors on neutrophils, persuading them to enter the tumor microenvironment and inadvertently assist in tumor growth and metastasis.
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\r\n \r\n“Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells and form the first line of innate immune defense,” explained Professor Chiou. “However, more and more studies confirm that in the tumor microenvironment, these immune cells can be subverted by cancer cells, supporting tumor growth instead of fighting it and contributing to drug resistance.” \r\n \r\nValidating the Mechanism in Animal Models \r\n \r\nThe research team validated this mechanism in animal models, successfully reducing tumor growth by targeting the CXCR2 receptor with an antagonist. This suggests that CXCR2-targeted therapies may hold promise as a future treatment strategy for lung adenocarcinoma patients, offering a way to overcome drug resistance and improve outcomes. \r\n \r\n“This study further highlights the potential of NKX2-1 as a clinical biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma,” said Professor Chiou. “Understanding the role of NKX2-1 in shaping the immune microenvironment provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between cancer cells and the immune system, opening up new avenues for therapeutic interventions.” \r\n \r\nA Collaborative Effort with Global Impact \r\n \r\nThe research was a collaborative effort between Professor Chiou and Dr. Mong-Lien Wang, Associate Research Fellow at TVGH’s Department of Medical Research. The project was executed by Anita S. La’ah, a Nigerian Ph.D. student in the Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) of Academia Sinica. The findings were published in the prestigious journal Advanced Science. La’ah’s groundbreaking contributions earned her a Ph.D. in Molecular Medicine from NYCU College of Life Sciences this July. She now has the opportunity to continue her research in the United States. \r\n \r\nThese findings mark a significant step forward in the fight against lung cancer, offering hope for more effective treatments and highlighting the potential of immunotherapy in overcoming one of the most challenging aspects of cancer treatment: drug resistance. \r\n \r\nProfessor Shih-Hwa Chiou (left), Dr. Mong-Lien Wang (right), and Dr. Anita S. La’ah (center).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1298866315242508288&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU Unveils Groundbreaking Interface Technology to Revolutionize Anti-Counterfeiting Security for Credit Cards and Passports","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-10-21","detailContent":"
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The research paper's first author, Huan-Teng Su (left), and Assistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang (right) discuss a schematic diagram in front of the measurement equipment.
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Translated by Szu-Yung Huang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a significant advancement for security technology, a research team led by Assistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang from the Department of Photonics at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has unveiled a novel metasurface interface technology. This breakthrough promises to significantly enhance the color performance of anti-counterfeiting labels, addressing current issues of limited color diversity and suboptimal chromatic dispersion. The innovation dramatically bolsters the security of critical identification documents such as credit cards and passports. \r\n \r\nThe research, titled “Topology Optimization Enables High-Q Metasurface for Color Selectivity,” was featured as the cover story in the August edition of Nano Letters, drawing significant attention from academic and industrial sectors worldwide. \r\n \r\nHigh-Q Metasurface Technology Elevates Color Purity and Efficiency in Anti-Counterfeiting Labels \r\n \r\nThis innovative anti-counterfeiting label was developed under the leadership of Assistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang, a Yushan Young Scholar. Traditional anti-counterfeiting technologies, like the holograms found on credit cards or Japan’s new currency, primarily rely on grating structures for light dispersion, which results in limited color presentation. \r\n
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\r\nThe team fabricated the metasurface samples using advanced semiconductor processing equipment at the Nano Facility Center. Electron microscope images reveal the structural morphology of portions of the sample. \r\n \r\nAssistant Professor Huang explained that the newly developed narrowband metasurface technology operates within four narrow wavebands, displaying vivid red, yellow, green, and blue colors with exceptionally high purity. This level of color purity and angle-specific color rendering holds tremendous potential for applications in anti-counterfeiting labels. \r\n \r\nThe key to this innovation lies in a high-Q (high-quality factor) nonlocal metasurface, which resolves the inefficiencies associated with traditional techniques. Using a proprietary topology optimization inverse design method, the team designed a metasurface with an unprecedented quality factor of 1362. Experimental results showed a 15-fold increase in efficiency, reaching an experimental efficiency of 59%—a significant milestone in nonlocal metasurfaces.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nA Fusion of Science and Art: A New Perspective on Optical Innovation \r\n \r\n \r\nThe metasurface samples display ultra-Q colors in red, yellow, cyan, and blue, resembling musical notes scattered across a spectral melody. \r\n \r\nDuring the experiments, the research paper's team member and first author, Huan-Teng Su, captured a striking visual of the color transitions—red, yellow, cyan, and blue—within the metasurface. He aptly named this image \"The Melody of Colors in High-Q Metasurfaces\" and entered it into the 11th Tin Ka-ping Academic Digital Imaging Competition, where it earned recognition. \r\n \r\nSu remarked that the image resembled musical notes decorating a spectral melody, with the vibrant colors resembling macarons, blending science, visual art, and optics into an inspiring exploration of light and color. \r\n \r\nThis research marks a breakthrough in anti-counterfeiting technology and showcases the harmonious intersection of science and art. Through precise technical development and innovative artistic presentation, Assistant Professor Huang and his team have enhanced the practical value of anti-counterfeiting labels and invited us to appreciate the intricate beauty of the optical world from a fresh perspective. This achievement will spark further exploration and discussion in academic and industrial circles, paving the way for limitless possibilities in future technological innovation. \r\n \r\nA group photo of the research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1297788838067834880&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Transforming Biomedical Science: NYCU Develops Self-Healing Hydrogel for 3D Printing to Reduce Animal Testing","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-08-27","detailContent":"
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Associate Professor Ming-Chia Li’s team from the Department of Biological Science & Technology has developed a nanocomposite hydrogel and successfully used biomimetic 3D printing to create Gyroid cell scaffolds and human outer ears.
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Translated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Inspired by the process of spider silk production, Associate Professor Ming-Chia Li from the Department of Biological Science & Technology at the College of Engineering Bioscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), has developed a groundbreaking nanocomposite hydrogel with self-healing capabilities. Using biomimetic 3D printing, Professor Li successfully fabricated Gyroid cell scaffolds and human outer ears. \r\n \r\nFeatured as the cover story for the 25th-anniversary issue of Biomacromolecules, this innovative material overcomes the limitations of traditional cell culture methods. By leveraging new biomaterials and 3D printing technology, scientists can replicate the three-dimensional structures and environments of real-world tissues and organs, reducing the need for animal testing and thereby enhancing animal welfare.
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Operating biomimetic 3D printing
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\r\nInnovative Biomimicry: The Process of Spider Silk Inspires Advanced Hydrogel Development \r\n \r\nProfessor Li explains that spider silk is known for its remarkable strength and elasticity, making it an ideal model for biomimicry. Hydrogels, which contain a high water content similar to human tissues, can mimic the natural extracellular matrix of target tissues. The research team set out to replicate the properties of spider silk in hydrogels, leading to the design of a nanocomposite hydrogel that enhances stretchability and self-healing capabilities.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nTo develop this hydrogel, the team utilized the non-crystallizing properties of G-polymer, which, through random physical entanglement within the hydrogel system, increased the material’s elasticity. Additionally, the researchers incorporated boronate ester bonds, formed between boric acid and the -OH groups of the G-polymer side chains, to endow the material with self-healing characteristics. \r\n \r\nThe hydrogel also contains Laponite, a charged nanoscale disc, which forms a “house-of-cards” structure in solution due to electrostatic interactions. When a specific shear force is applied to the hydrogel, these electrostatic forces are temporarily disrupted, causing the material to transition from a gel state to a solution state—a phenomenon known as shear thinning. This property is crucial for evaluating the printability of hydrogel materials. \r\n \r\nDrawing on the salting-out phenomenon observed in spider silk production, the hydrogel’s protein molecules are enhanced in mechanical strength by the presence of high concentrations of inorganic salt ions. This has enabled the successful printing of Gyroid cell scaffolds and human outer ears without the need for support materials. \r\n \r\nThis technique can be applied to digital twin biological 3D printing, where biomedical imaging scans bring real-world data into a computer platform to construct digital models. These models can be used for biomechanical studies through fluid dynamics simulations, and then returned to the real world through 3D printing technology. The excellent biocompatibility of this material paves the way for clinical treatment and related research applications. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nAssociate Professor Ming-Chia Li’s lab team \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1278608215180840960&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"New Study Brings Hope for PTSD Treatment! NYCU and International Researchers Discover New Brain Mechanism in Mice","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-08-20","detailContent":"
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Real-time analysis of the freezing fear response in mice after they hear a sound and receive an electric shock.
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News and Photo by Science Media Center Taiwan \r\nTranslated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a groundbreaking study, Professor Cheng-Chang Lien from the College of Life Sciences at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), in collaboration with research teams from Denmark and Austria, have discovered a new brain mechanism involved in the formation of fear memories in mice. This discovery could pave the way for reducing the negative impact of fear and potentially offer new treatment methods for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).\r\n
\r\nInternational Collaboration Sheds Light on Neural Mechanisms of Fear Memory Formation \r\n \r\nProfessor Lien’s team joined forces with Professor Marco Capogna from Aarhus University in Denmark and Professor Francesco Ferraguti from the Medical University of Innsbruck in Austria. Their study revealed that fearful experiences activate a small group of inhibitory neurons in the amygdala of mice, preventing an overreaction to fear memories. \r\n \r\nThese findings provide deeper insights into the neural basis of fear memory formation and suggest potential solutions for treating PTSD. The study was published this month (August 5) in Cell Reports. \r\n \r\nDr. Wen-Hsien Hou, Assistant Professor at Aarhus University’s Department of Biomedicine and the study’s first author, explained that fear helps humans remember dangers, enabling quicker responses when facing similar threats in the future. For example, earthquakes are a common fear among Taiwanese people. When an earthquake alert sounds on a mobile phone, it triggers memories of terrifying earthquake experiences, driving protective and evasive actions. \r\n \r\nProfessor Lien pointed out that recent literature indicates a region beneath the brain’s outer cortex, which regulates fear-related emotions, the central amygdala. However, it was previously unclear whether specific neurons within this region form fear memories and modulate behavioral responses when recalling fearful experiences.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nUnveiling Complex Mechanisms: Inhibitory Neurons Key to Fear Memory \r\n \r\nThe research team discovered that fearful experiences lead to the long-term enhancement of a small group of neurons in the lateral central amygdala, which is responsible for inhibiting fear memory. Using genetically modified mice, the team labeled these neurons, primarily somatostatin neurons, activated by different fearful experiences. Professor Lien noted that inhibiting these labeled neurons caused the mice to exhibit even more fear. \r\n \r\nProfessor Lien emphasized that while most neuroscientists focus on how excitatory neurons in the brain process memory storage and response, this study demonstrates that inhibitory neurons also play a crucial role in modulating fear memory responses in mice, revealing a more complex neural mechanism. This small group of inhibitory neurons in the lateral central amygdala acts like a brake, preventing mice from overreacting. \r\n \r\nHowever, Professor Lien also cautioned that although the brain structures of mice and humans are similar, there are differences in neural circuits and connections between the two species. Further research is needed to determine whether the central amygdala’s neurons regulate fear memory and behavior in PTSD patients. Developing methods to modulate specific neurons for treating PTSD remains a significant clinical challenge for the future. \r\n \r\n \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1275403477194903552&init=Y","expFile":"Fear memory cells in the lateral central amygdala, with magenta and bright green representing neurons activated by two fearful experiences."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"New Insights on Post-Disaster Recovery: NYCU Study Reveals Rapid Relocation to Permanent Housing May Not Ensure Psychological Well-Being for Typhoon Survivors","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-08-13","detailContent":"
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The research team visited the affected households.
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Translated by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Fifteen years ago, Typhoon Morakot caused the most significant rainfall in Taiwan’s history, devastating numerous communities and forcing many survivors to relocate. A recent follow-up study, "The Impact of Relocation Patterns on Psychological Stress,” published in the international journal Psychological Science, found that those who quickly relocated to permanent housing did not necessarily experience better psychological recovery. \r\n \r\nStudy Highlights Importance of Preparation Time in Post-Disaster Relocation for Long-Term Psychological Recovery \r\n \r\nThe study, conducted by the College of Nursing at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) in collaboration with the National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, surveyed 1,236 households severely damaged by Typhoon Morakot. Over a decade of tracking, researchers discovered that while those who quickly relocated to stable housing initially experienced lower psychological stress, their stress levels gradually increased, surpassing those with more time to prepare for relocation. \r\n \r\nIn contrast, survivors who did not immediately move into permanent housing—often taking years to find stable homes—underwent multiple relocations. Despite the upheaval, their long-term psychological recovery was notably better, likely because they had more time to prepare and adapt before moving. \r\n \r\nThe research team categorized survivors’ relocation experiences into six patterns: immediate return to original residences, long-distance relocation years later, immediate move to permanent housing, preparation time before a major relocation, no buffer time between two major relocations, and buffer time between two major relocations. The results underscore the importance of giving survivors ample time to discuss and decide during the post-disaster reconstruction. This could lead to more effective responses in future natural disasters.\r\n
Assistant Professor Lu-Yen Chen from the Institute of Clinical Nursing at NYCU, who participated in the study, stated that disaster survivors who had more time to prepare or adapt before relocation demonstrated better long-term psychological recovery than those with less time. This trend held regardless of whether the survivors experienced one major relocation or two.
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\r\n \r\nSurvivor-Centered Relocation Planning: Key to Reducing Long-Term Psychological Stress After Disasters \r\n \r\nThe findings suggest that providing disaster survivors more time to discuss and decide on their relocation timing and location could be a key factor in alleviating long-term psychological stress following a natural disaster. \r\n \r\nPrevious studies and reports have also highlighted the adverse effects of permanent housing on community cohesion and cultural preservation, as well as the emergence of land and housing rights disputes, making it challenging to help survivors rebuild their lives. \r\n \r\nAmid increasing threats from extreme weather in Taiwan and globally, the research team believes this study offers crucial guidance for disaster risk management and building societal resilience. Assistant Professor Chen advises that future disaster response measures should prioritize the psychological needs of survivors, providing sufficient time and resources to help them make relocation decisions that suit their circumstances and to facilitate psychological adjustment, ultimately promoting better post-disaster psychological recovery. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nAssistant Professor Lu-Yen Chen (center, front row) and her research team.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1272950521614831616&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Neurons Form Teams: Scientists First Observe Group Dynamics of Brain Cells Using Microscopy in NYCU Study Published in Neuron","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-07-26","detailContent":"
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Assistant Professors Tsai-Wen Chen (left) and Bei-Jung Lin (right) from the Institute of Neuroscience observed the group behavior of neurons.
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Translated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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In a groundbreaking study, scientists have observed brain cells forming groups and working together, akin to friendships, using advanced microscopy techniques. \r\n \r\nPublished in this month’s issue of Neuron, the study from the Institute of Neuroscience at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) reveals how neurons exhibit collective behavior. Assistant Professors Tsai-Wen Chen and Bei-Jung Lin led the research team that discovered neurons activating synchronously, indicating a preference for specific cells to ‘team up’ during activation. \r\n \r\n
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Interneurons prefer to activate together at the same time. This marks the first time scientists have captured interneurons’ group behavior in a living animal’s brain. \r\n \r\nRare Interneurons Unveil Group Dynamics, Facilitating Brainwave Formation \r\n \r\nInterneurons, rare and previously studied through sporadic electrical signals from implanted electrodes, were likened to “finding a needle in a haystack,” according to Bei-Jung Lin. “Recording even a single cell could take a month, making interaction studies challenging.” The team used voltage imaging with fluorescent proteins to record up to 26 interneurons, unveiling their interaction patterns. \r\n \r\nThe study found that interneurons do not activate randomly but tend to fire together, suggesting they find ‘like-minded friends’ to transmit electrical signals. \r\n \r\n“Much like an orchestra following a conductor,” Tsai-Wen Chen explained, “interneurons are crucial for inhibitory neurotransmission in the brain and play a key role in brainwave formation.”
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\r\n \r\n \r\nBrainwaves arise from synchronized electrical activity across numerous neurons, detectable from the scalp. Interestingly, even without reaching the activation threshold, neurons displayed group activity under the microscope. \r\n \r\nInnovative Imaging Technology Sheds Light on Neural Activity and Brain Function \r\n \r\nTo overcome the challenge of directly observing voltage with a microscope, the research team led by Tsai-Wen Chen and Bei-Jung Lin collaborated internationally to develop voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins. These proteins, delivered to neurons using adenoviruses as carriers, allow the cells to glow upon activation. \r\n \r\nAdditionally, to capture the highly brief neural impulses, the research team designed and set up an ultra-high-speed imaging system capable of capturing 2,000 frames per second. These technologies and facilities are now established at NYCU. \r\n \r\nBrainwaves are critical signals in perception and memory functions. This new technology allows scientists to observe collective neural operations in living animals, revealing the intricate coordination essential for understanding brain functionality. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nThe paper's first author, Yi-Chieh Huang, graduated from the Institute of Neuroscience and is now a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard University.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1266095515947241472&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1266102086282514432&init=Y","expFile":"Scientists have observed live interneurons under a microscope for the first time."},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1266100665793384448&init=Y","expFile":"Interneurons also have their preferred interaction partners (the closer the distance, the more they prefer to interact)."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"The solution to Phone Overheating! NYCU Research Team Breaks Through Multi-Core Chip Heat Management, Wins IEEE TVLSI Best Paper Award","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-07-16","detailContent":"
Translated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Overheating phones drag down system performance and affect users’ moods. The Cerebral and Reliable SoC Laboratory (CERES Lab) at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has developed a temperature prediction and control technology for multi-core chip networks, which enhances heat dissipation and alleviates overheating issues. This research achievement has been awarded the Best Paper Award by the international journal IEEE TVLSI (IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems), marking the first time in 30 years that a team from Taiwan has received this honor. \r\n \r\n
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Led by Associate Professor Kun-Chih Chen (front row, right), the CERES Lab research team has made breakthroughs in multi-core chip thermal management technology. \r\n \r\nMulti-Core Chips Essential for Computers and Phones, Temperature Management Key to Enhancing Performance \r\n \r\nIn recent years, multi-core chips have been widely used in computers, smartphones, servers, and other devices. As the number of processor cores increases, the Network on Chip (NoC) connectivity structure has become a widespread technical issue. Additionally, the rise in the clock frequency of computing cores poses significant temperature challenges, significantly affecting chip performance and reliability. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Kun-Chih Chen of the Institute of Electronics led the CERES Lab research team, which included graduate students Yuan-Hao Liao, Cheng-Ting Chen, and Lei-Chi Wang. They proposed a low-cost online learning mechanism for accurate temperature prediction in NoC systems. Using adaptive reinforcement learning technology, they implemented dynamic, proactive temperature management to address the temperature challenges of multi-core chips, significantly enhancing the system’s temperature management performance. \r\n \r\nThe research team explained that the thermal issues in NoC systems require real-time system temperature monitoring. Dynamic thermal management mechanisms are triggered when the system temperature reaches dangerous levels to prevent overheating. Proactive Dynamic Thermal Management (PDTM) controls the system temperature in advance based on temperature prediction information. Using partial throttling schemes, PDTM reduces performance impact during temperature control, making it more effective than traditional reactive dynamic thermal management.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nMachine Learning Helps NoC Systems Overcome Temperature Prediction Challenges \r\n \r\nThe temperature behavior of NoC systems varies with different workload distributions, making it difficult to accurately capture physical parameters such as capacitance, resistance, and power during operation, leading to significant temperature prediction errors. In recent years, machine learning prediction methods have dynamically accommodated the hyperplane of physical system behavior. However, machine learning methods depend highly on the quality of training data, resulting in considerable errors in NoC systems. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Kun-Chih Chen stated that the research team’s machine learning-based proactive temperature management employs the least mean squares adaptive filtering theory to optimize the model. This approach dynamically adjusts temperature predictions, enhancing accuracy to cope with varying workloads and temperature changes. \r\n \r\nThe method introduces adaptive reinforcement learning, using real-time feedback on current temperature, predicted temperature, and system throughput to dynamically adjust throttling ratios, achieving optimal thermal management while maximizing system performance. The research results show that, compared to traditional methods, the proposed adaptive reinforcement learning method significantly reduces temperature prediction errors and improves system performance. \r\n \r\nThis innovative research achievement was selected for the 2024 IEEE TVLSI Best Paper Award, representing the highest recognition for the research team and highlighting NYCU’s exceptional research contributions and advanced technology development capabilities. \r\n \r\n
","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1262724931766980608&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1262781004762845184&init=Y","expFile":"the Best Paper Award by IEEE TVLSI"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Protein Supplementation After Exercise Aids Weight Loss: NYCU Study Finds Appetite Control and Muscle Strength Benefits","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-07-09","detailContent":"
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(Photo from Getty Images)
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Translated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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Many people aim to lose weight through exercise but sometimes consume more calories post-workout. A research team from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) found that consuming high-protein foods within 30 minutes of exercise can suppress appetite, slow muscle degradation, and improve cardiovascular metabolism. The study results were published in the 273rd issue of the scientific journal "Physiology & Behavior" earlier this year. \r\n \r\nThe Importance of Protein Intake and Exercise for Weight Control in Middle-Age \r\n \r\nProfessor Chiao-Nan Chen from the Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology at NYCU, along with his research team, conducted a study on middle-aged obese individuals with an average age of nearly 60. The participants underwent three months of high-intensity interval spinning exercises. \r\n \r\nThe study found that although appetite significantly increased after exercise, consuming a high-protein drink within 30 minutes post-exercise reduced hunger and decreased the likelihood of late-night snacking. The research team also found that combining exercise with a high-protein diet can improve cardiovascular risk factors and prevent sarcopenia in middle-aged obese individuals. \r\n \r\nDuring the three-month study, participants who followed a high-protein diet in addition to exercising showed significant reductions in cholesterol and triglycerides, decreased fat mass, improved insulin sensitivity, better glucose tolerance, and reduced inflammation. Moreover, muscle strength and exercise capacity were enhanced. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chiao-Nan Chen stated that previous data suggests a daily protein intake of 1.6 grams per kilogram of body weight to maintain muscle mass, and the research team used this as the dietary target for the experimental group.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n"Big heart, fat body" is a common issue among middle-aged and older adults, often leading to cardiovascular diseases. Reduced physical activity further accelerates muscle loss. The research findings provide valuable insights for middle-aged and older obese individuals and offer new strategies and approaches for obesity management. \r\n \r\nHowever, Professor Chiao-Nan Chen also cautioned that the study validates the physiological performance of high-protein diets in middle-aged and older populations, but it does not imply that solely consuming a high-protein diet is a good weight management method. Exercise remains fundamental; managing physical fitness (activity capacity) and the risks of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases is more crucial than focusing solely on weight. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nThe cross-university research team includes Professor Kuei-Yu Chien (right) from the Graduate Institute of Sports Science at National Taiwan Sport University, Professor Chiao-Nan Chen (center) from the Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology at NYCU, and Dr. Kuo-Chen Hsu (left).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1260165367813115904&init=Y","expFile":"Cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Persistence is the Key to Success: NYCU Professor Guan-Yu Chen’s Bionic Lung-On-A-Chip Research Journey","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-07-03","detailContent":"
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Professor Guan-Yu Chen of NYCU leads pioneering research in bionic organ-on-a-chips (OoCs), combining biomedical research with BioICT. \r\n(Photo from Hao-Yun Peng and Zong-Han Lyu / ZDunemployed studio)
Professor Guan-Yu Chen, from the Institute of Biomedical Engineering at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), is at the forefront of research in the field of bionic organ-on-a-chips (OoCs). This innovative work combines biomedical research with semiconductor and Information and Communication Technology, known as BioICT. Prof. Chen has successfully developed a bionic lung-on-a-chip system replicating the human body’s microenvironment. His efforts have garnered media recognition, earning him the reputation of being “a pioneer in organ-on-chip (OoC) technology.” Prof. Chen has expressed his hope that Taiwan’s contributions to this field will receive global attention. \r\n \r\nIn 2023, Prof. Chen received multiple awards, including the Moderna Taiwan mRNA Innovation Awards. He was also honored with the Awarded Lush Prize Young Researcher Award-Asia and was elected as the candidate for the Lush Prize “Fighting Animal Testing” alongside Emulate, a leading OoC company this year (2024), suggesting that not only Prof. Chen’s groundbreaking research in bionic lung-on-a-chip technology but also Taiwan’s international leadership in OoC research. \r\n \r\nBionic OoCs involve growing human cells on microfluidic channel chips and replicating the complex microphysiological changes in the human body using a dynamic circulatory system. By leveraging bionic organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technology to emulate pathological conditions for conducting various drug trials, it is possible to significantly lessen the reliance on animal testing during clinical phases, leading to reduce the cost and time required. “This is a destructive innovation,” emphasized Prof. Chen. Bionic lung-on-a-chip, the most mature technology developed by Prof. Chen’s team, can mimic human lung tissue in the human body and the response to the inhalation test through the “aerosol dynamic mode,” assisting researchers in evaluating data for the solubility of the inhaled drugs, organs analysis, etc. \r\n \r\nDuring his tenure as a postdoctoral research fellow at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in 2015, Prof. Chen received an academic offer from the Institute of Biomedical Engineering at the College of Electrical and Computer Engineering of NYCU. Despite numerous other opportunities, Prof. Chen chose to bring back what he had learned in the U.S., the most novel technology, to Taiwan. With his academic background spanning chemical engineering, biology, and biomedical science, along with an unrestricted approach to himself, Prof. Chen aligns perfectly with the open and autonomous research environment and the abundant interdisciplinary resources at NYCU, providing him with a solid foundation to venture into the then-nascent field of OoC technology in Taiwan, demonstrating remarkable courage and ambition. \r\n \r\nIn 2021, Anivance AI was officially teamed under Prof. Chen’s leadership. The core concept is composed of three words, “Animal,” “Advanced,” and “AI,” representing the mission of the team. Therefore, in early 2024, the team transitioned into a technological start-up company with the goal of building a complete and profitable industrial ecosystem for processing, standardization, and validation of the bionic OoCs. \r\n
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Bionic organ-on-chips (OoCs) are considered “Compassion technology” as they preserve animal welfare, enhance precision medicine, and reduce patient risks by leveraging big data and AI to streamline drug development and minimize animal testing. (Photo from ZDunemployed studio) \r\n \r\nSome consider bionic OoCs to be a “Compassion technology.” For this statement, Prof. Chen believes that the OoCs can not only assist in preserving animal welfare but also advance precision medicine and show mercy to human life. Using the example of lungs, drug research often used mice and rats as test subjects, with up to 100 million of these animals used in experiments each year. Nevertheless, mice have a respiratory rate five to seven times higher than humans, and their pulmonary immune system functions differently from that of humans. For this reason, many drugs that showed promise in animal experiments failed in human clinical trials, with a failure rate of up to 90 percent. As the development of the bionic lung-on-a-chip becomes more mature, with the combination of technology such as big data and AI, researchers can streamline their development schedules, accelerate the research and development of new drugs, and simultaneously reduce potential risks for patients.
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\r\n \r\nTen years ago, Prof. Chen made the strategic decision to focus on bionic lung-on-a-chip in order to get ahead in the field. At that time, research in OoC technology, including tumor chips, hearts, gastrointestinal tracts, livers, and nerves, was thriving in the U.S. and Europe, but lung-on-a-chip research needed to receive more attention. “By establishing a leading figure in the global lung-on-a-chip field, our team and Taiwan would naturally gain recognition worldwide,” Prof. Chen pointed out. This prospective decision now appears to be exactly right. Today, Prof. Chen has become the cream of the crop and is at the forefront of the bionic lung-on-a-chip field, attracting attention in Taiwan and internationally. \r\n \r\nIndeed, devoting to start-up research is not always plain sailing. However, the team calmly confronts failure, extracting critical technology and experience from it, strengthening their foundation. Prof. Chen believes that “Actions speak louder than words.” and that being equipped with actual capability is essential. The team has collaborated with nearly ten medical and research institutes at home and aboard, including Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF), Molecular Devices, Moderna Taiwan, and Taichung Veterans General Hospital, and continuously optimized their collaboration mode. Customized solutions will be available whenever the pharmaceutical companies list their needs online. “When we validate our results in different places, we begin to validate our success,” Prof. Chen explains. \r\n \r\nHow will the next generation organ-on-a-chips (OoCs) develop? \r\n \r\n
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\r\nThe interdisciplinary environment at NYCU enabled Prof. Chen to pioneer OoC technology in Taiwan, leading to the formation of his research team and Anivance AI. (Photo from ZDunemployed studio) \r\n \r\nProf. Chen asserts that the value of the future organ-on-a-chips (OoCs) not only lies in whether the chip can stimulate the body environment to get the same test result as in the human body but, more importantly, by continuously expanding the data quantity, it can integrate with semiconductor sensing and AI technology to provide the pharmaceutical companies with more precise drug treatment and development strategy. By analyzing high-content images with algorithms to promptly detect changes in organs and pairing this with personal wearable devices, everyone may have their exclusive organ database in the future. \r\n \r\nProf. Chen indicates that the team plans to roll out the 3rd generation bionic lung-on-a-chips at the end of this year, and its accuracy is up to 85%. The team dares to announce that 80% of the organ chips module for respiratory diseases will be completed by the end of 2030. “If our technology can cover 80% of the study scope, it means that every team worldwide working on respiratory drug development will, in some way, need us.” Prof. Chen said with full confidence. \r\n \r\nWhat is the most important thing to devote to start-up research? \r\n \r\nProf. Chen revealed confidence in his eyes and said, “People matter most.” He replied that it is because he is fortunate to be able to utilize his strengths in NYCU, where there are many talents from diverse fields such as biomedical, information, electronics, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, medicine, etc., as well as the university’s encouragement of industry-academia cooperation and investment in the start-up fields, which allows him to stand the steadiest and look the furthest in his field. With such perfect timing, location, supportive people, and efforts, one must believe that his development blueprints will be realized one after one in the near future.
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\r\n","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1258008713411694592&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Origin of Lissencephaly Continues to Be Uncovered? KCGMH and NYCU Research Team Discover New Causative Gene NDEL1","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-06-12","detailContent":"
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Photo from Getty Images
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Translated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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The research team from Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (KCGMH) and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has discovered a new causative gene, NDEL1, for lissencephaly. This follows their 2020 discovery of the CEP85L gene. The team has collectively identified four genes associated with lissencephaly, with this latest finding published in the prestigious neuroscience journal Acta Neuropathologica in January 2024. \r\n \r\nLissencephaly: Rare but Severe, 300 Patients in Taiwan Face Significant Challenges \r\n \r\nLissencephaly is an infrequent brain developmental disorder, with only about 300 patients in Taiwan. In a normal brain, the surface has many folds called Gyrus, which is crucial for developing higher cognitive functions. However, in patients with lissencephaly, the gyrus is either underdeveloped or absent, resulting in a smoother brain surface. \r\n
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MRI of Lissencephaly and Normal brain (photo from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital) \r\n \r\nDr. Meng-Han Tsai, Director of the Medical Research Department at KCGMH, stated that approximately 12 out of every million newborns are diagnosed with lissencephaly. These patients usually do not survive to adulthood and those who do have intellectual development comparable to that of an infant. They often suffer from severe developmental delays and intractable epilepsy. In the most severe cases, they cannot speak, swallow, or walk. \r\n \r\nAbout 20 genes are known to cause lissencephaly, but approximately 20% of cases still have unidentified causes. During brain development, nerve cells must migrate to the cortex, which requires regulation by multiple genes. If these genes are abnormal, the nerve cells cannot move to the correct locations, leading to improper development of brain folds and lissencephaly.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nNDEL1 Mutation Identified for the First Time, Advancing Brain Development Disorder Research \r\n \r\nKCGMH has conducted long-term research on lissencephaly in Taiwan and discovered a patient with refractory epilepsy combined with lissencephaly. The patient exhibited abnormal development of the gyri in the posterior brain region, indicative of lissencephaly. Research revealed that the causative gene for this patient’s lissencephaly is NDEL1, a spontaneous mutation in the patient that was not inherited from either parent. This gene has never been previously associated with any human disease worldwide. \r\n \r\nKCGMH collaborated with Professor Jin-Wu Tsai’s team at the Institute of Brain Science of NYCU. They confirmed that this gene affects brain development in mice using advanced genomic sequencing technology. The protein produced by this gene impacts the motor proteins within cells, leading to abnormal brain development. \r\n \r\nProfessor Jin-Wu Tsai stated that the discovery of new genes involved in human brain development disorders not only helps to elucidate the fundamental regulatory mechanisms in brain development but also provides further insights into children’s cognitive development and the functioning of the nervous system. This research finding will aid in speeding up the diagnosis of brain development disorders by physicians in the future and offer scientists a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying brain development. \r\n \r\nThis vital research will help accelerate the diagnosis of brain development disorders by physicians and explain why individuals without a family history may develop these conditions. In the future, it may also become a genetic marker for prenatal screening, reducing the incidence of these diseases. Scientifically, this discovery provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of human brain development and holds promise for developing drugs or gene therapies in the future.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1250655072572936192&init=Y","expFile":"Photo from Getty Images"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[{"relateURL":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00401-023-02665-y","relateName":"Novel lissencephaly-associated NDEL1 variant reveals distinct roles of NDE1 and NDEL1 in nucleokinesis and human cortical malformations"}]},{"subject":"Human Preferences Linked to Brain Neurons? NYCU Collaborates with TVGH and New York University to Decrypt Findings, the Research Published in Nature Communications","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-05-06","detailContent":"
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The epilepsy team from Taipei Veterans General Hospital with Professor Shih-Wei Wu (right two) and Dr. Wan-Yu Shih (right three) from NYCU.
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Translated by Chance Lai \r\n______
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How are human preferences formed? How do they change under the influence of external factors? These have long been focal points of scientific inquiry. The latest research, conducted by a team led by National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH), and New York University, has observed neural activities in different brain regions at the micrometer scale, unveiling the neural mechanisms behind preference formation and contextual influences. This groundbreaking research was published in the top international journal "Nature Communications." \r\n \r\nUnprecedented Insight: Observing Human Brain Neuron Activity at Micrometer Scale \r\n \r\nProfessor Shih-Wei Wu from the Institute of Neuroscience at NYCU elucidates the groundbreaking nature of recent research, which has transcended the limitations of past studies by observing neural activities in the human brain at the micrometer scale. Unlike previous methodologies restricted to millimeter-scale observations, this study provides scientists with unparalleled detail of neural activity. \r\n \r\nTraditionally, micrometer-scale neural activities could only be observed in the brains of laboratory animals through techniques such as neural electrophysiological recordings or calcium ion imaging. \r\n \r\nThe research team identified that preferences and the factors influencing them are governed by neural activities in regions like the brain's orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), insula, and hippocampus. Within these brain areas, different neural populations react differently, some solely reflecting current preference strengths, others exclusively responding to external contextual factors. \r\n \r\nMoreover, a minority of neural populations exhibit simultaneous responses to both, indicating that the influence of contextual factors on preferences arises from the coordinated actions of functionally complementary neural populations adjacent to space.
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Among the 166 different electrode points within the OFC, approximately 15% exhibited responses to current preferences, 9% responded to contextual preferences, and 5% simultaneously responded to both. \r\n
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\r\nThe research team utilized stereotactic electroencephalogram recordings of intracranial brain signals in treating epilepsy patients. The illustration depicts the electrode locations within the OFC 166, correlated with preference responses. \r\n \r\nDeciphering Brain Activity: Insights from Stereotactic EEG \r\n \r\nDr. Hsiang-Yu Yu, a leading physician in the epilepsy team at TVGH, underscores the pivotal role of stereo electroencephalogram (sEEG) in diagnosing lesions in patients with refractory epilepsy. This method assists clinicians in delineating lesioned brain regions, enhancing surgical precision, and holds significant clinical and research implications. \r\n \r\nProfessor Shih-Wei Wu from the Institute of Neuroscience highlights the importance of understanding human preferences and decision-making across disciplines such as economics and psychology. Preferences reflect subjective experiences towards different stimuli, emphasizing the need to study individual uniqueness and laying the groundwork for interdisciplinary dialogues in neuroscience, economics, and psychology. \r\n \r\nThis study enhances our comprehension of human behavior and decision-making and provides a crucial foundation for future neuroscience research, promising to unravel more mysteries surrounding brain activity. \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1239805153293373440&init=Y","expFile":"cover image"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[{"relateURL":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-42092-x","relateName":"Electrophysiological population dynamics reveal context dependencies during decision making in human frontal cortex"}]},{"subject":"Becoming the Most Reliable Support for the Semiconductor Industry: NYCU’s Tech Aid Reduces Damage from Earthquakes in Technology Factories","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-04-29","detailContent":"
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Professor Yen-Po Wang from the Department of Civil Engineering at NYCU and the research team conducted seismic simulation tests for the vibration control of automated warehouse systems in technology factories.
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\r\nTranslated by Hsuchuan \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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The powerful magnitude 7.2 earthquake on April 3 caused severe damage in Hualien and affected several tech plant buildings. However, some facilities quickly resumed operations, mainly due to the assistance provided by the Department of Civil Engineering and the Disaster Prevention and Water Environment Research Center (DPWE) at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU). \r\n \r\nSince 2016, they have assisted semiconductor factories in developing and installing seismic-resistant devices for furnace pipes and warehouse systems. With years of promotion and implementation, these measures have demonstrated seismic resilience during this earthquake, effectively reducing damage and losses. \r\n \r\nHow Vibratory-Sensitive Process Equipment in Technology Factories Confront Earthquakes
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\r\nTaiwan is in a seismic zone, rendering earthquakes an inevitable natural disaster. Consequently, seismic resilience becomes a critical issue for technology factories. The powerful magnitude 6.6 earthquake that struck Meinong, Kaohsiung, on February 6, 2016, severely impacted the high-tech industry in southern Taiwan, resulting in losses exceeding one hundred billion New Taiwan Dollars. \r\n \r\nAt that time, semiconductor factories commissioned the Department of Civil Engineering and the DPWE at NYCU to develop seismic-resistant technologies for vulnerable equipment, including vertical furnaces, automated warehousing systems, ceilings/floors, and carts/racks, which suffered significant damage during the earthquake. Through full-scale seismic simulation tests conducted in the Department's large-scale structural laboratory, the feasibility of these technologies was confirmed, gaining recognition from both tech plants and insurance companies and gradually being implemented throughout the facilities. \r\n \r\nProfessor Yen-Po Wang from the Department of Civil Engineering pointed out that many vibration-sensitive process equipment in tech plants are highly susceptible to damage during earthquakes. Among them, the protective measures for automated warehousing systems must be revised. The fully loaded wafer boxes on the racks can fall off when the earthquake intensity reaches a certain threshold. \r\n \r\n"During the strong earthquake in 2016, the proportion of items falling was very high. It is estimated that sixty to seventy percent of the losses were due to items falling from the automated warehousing system." \r\n \r\nHowever, installing energy dissipation and vibration control systems in automated warehousing systems can significantly reduce vibration responses, effectively preventing wafer boxes from falling off. This damping effect was fully validated during the earthquake on April 3rd. \r\n \r\nIn fact, after the earthquake in 2016, many manufacturers strengthened the seismic resilience of their factories. For example, the factory of Innolux Display Corp. is constructed with earthquake-resistant architecture, and once the shaking exceeds magnitude 3 to 4, the machines will automatically shut down. TSMC has also been gradually installing dampers. However, in addition to earthquake-resistant buildings, falling ceilings can also cause damage to equipment.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nThe Vulnerability and Seismic Improvement of Cleanroom Ceilings in Technology Factories \r\n \r\nProfessor Yen-Po Wang stated that wafer fabs rely on these enclosed systems for cleanliness. The ceilings of cleanrooms are part of a suspended system, swinging independently during earthquakes without synchronizing with the structural deformations of the building. This can lead to collisions and compressions around the perimeter, causing the displacement and deformation of the overhead crane rails and equipment. In severe cases, it may even collapse, contaminating the cleanroom. This not only delays the resumption of operations but also adds to the losses incurred due to operational interruptions. \r\n \r\nIn response to the seismic demands of cleanroom ceilings, the NYCU team assisted technology factories in installing energy dissipation and vibration control devices. They also completed seismic reinforcement projects for the cleanroom ceilings of a 12-inch wafer fab in the Hsinchu Science Park. These efforts demonstrated excellent seismic performance during the recent earthquake. \r\n \r\nLooking back, the seismic damage patterns of technology factories in Taiwan have been remarkably similar over the years, and related vibration reduction technologies have matured and been rigorously tested by earthquakes. Professor Yen-Po Wang stated that given limited resources and time, it is possible to control significant sources of seismic damage and complement them with strategically planned industrial insurance coverage. This approach can significantly reduce the seismic risk of tech plants and enhance their seismic resilience. \r\n \r\nThe semiconductor industry has made Taiwan a globally renowned tech island. NYCU adapts to local conditions and tailors earthquake-resistant techniques according to different needs, aiming to improve seismic engineering in high-tech factories and become the most reliable support for safeguarding the Semiconductor industry. \r\n
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In response to the seismic demands of cleanroom ceilings, the NYCU team assisted technology factories in installing energy dissipation and vibration control devices.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1233349304832233472&init=Y","expFile":"Ceiling vibration damping device"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1233349304924508160&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Yen-Po Wang presents new seismic-resistant technologies for Taiwan's technology factories at an international conference."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Farewell to Smartphone Notches! NYCU Teams Up with HHRI to Break Spatial Computing Limits, Introducing Cutting-Edge Facial Recognition Technology Published in Top Global Journal","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-03-20","detailContent":"
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The research achievement is attributed to the excellent collaboration between the Department of Photonics at our university, led by Assistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang (front row, left), a young scholar from NYCU, and the team from HHRI's Semiconductor Division, led by Dr. Hao-Chung Kuo (front row, right), Director, and Dr. Yu-Heng Hong (back row, second from left).
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Translated by Elaine Chuang \r\nEdited by Chance Lai \r\n______
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The Semiconductor Division at Hon Hai Research Institute (HHRI) and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) have collaborated to develop a groundbreaking technology successfully - the "Novel Depth Sensing and Facial Recognition System." This achievement was recently published in the prestigious global journal ’Nano Letters.’ It was selected as the cover story for the February issue, highlighting the outstanding performance of NYCU's research on the international stage. \r\n \r\nInnovative Depth Sensing and Facial Recognition Technology Ushers in a New Era of Smartphones \r\n
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Comparisons were made between depth information generated by the research team's system (top row) and depth information obtained through the iPhone dot projector (bottom row). \r\n \r\nAssistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang stated that this research achievement combines novel nanophotonic technology with human-machine interaction sensing techniques. It enables the miniaturization of depth sensing and facial recognition systems to approximately the width of three hair strands. In the future, it is expected that smartphone notches will be eliminated, facial unlocking will be more energy-efficient, and real technological challenges will be addressed. \r\n
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Furthermore, the research also demonstrated the potential applications of effective small-scale, low-power imaging solutions in areas such as facial recognition, robotics, augmented reality, and mixed reality. \r\n
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HHRI stated that the era of spatial computing has arrived. The future demand for depth sensing systems is expected to significantly increase compared to the common facial depth perception and recognition unlocking seen in today's smartphones. The system developed at this time is expected to become mainstream.
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\r\n \r\nResearch Achievements Garner High Attention and Global Recognition \r\n \r\nThe significant research achievement, titled "Metasurface- and PCSEL-Based Structured Light for Monocular Depth Perception and Facial Recognition," was published in the top global journal Nano Letters. It was also selected as the cover story for the February issue. Furthermore, it was chosen as a highlighted topic by the American Chemical Society (ACS) in February and featured in a spotlight news interview. These recognitions highlight the considerable attention and praise garnered by this achievement, marking a significant advancement in facial recognition technology. \r\n \r\nCorresponding patent applications have been granted in Taiwan and China, with the United States patent application currently in progress. The successful outcome of this significant research underscores NYCU's leading position in technological innovation and injects new momentum into the development of Taiwan's technology industry. \r\n \r\nThis research was supported by Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., the Forward-looking Cooperation Project of the National Science and Technology Commission (Principal Investigator: Prof. Edward Yi Chang, Chair Professor of the International Semiconductor Industry College at NYCU; Co-Principal Investigators: Prof. Tien-Chang Lu, Chair Professor of the Department of Photonics at NYCU, and Prof. Chun-Hsiung Lin, International Semiconductor Industry College at NYCU), and the Youth Project Grant from the Ministry of Education. \r\n \r\n
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\r\nThe research team members include Assistant Professor Yao-Wei Huang (back row, left), Dr. Yu-Heng Hong (back row, right), and the first author, doctoral candidate Wen-Cheng Hsu. \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1219954918593400832&init=Y","expFile":"cover image (photo from techcrunch)"},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1219954918660509696&init=Y","expFile":"The research findings have been featured as the cover story of the February issue of Nano Letters."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[{"relateURL":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05002","relateName":"Metasurface- and PCSEL-Based Structured Light for Monocular Depth Perception and Facial Recognition"}]},{"subject":"Attention Needed for Dementia Prevention! Latest research from NYCU reveals complex association with ‘Oral Health’.","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-02-20","detailContent":"
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The lead researcher of this study, Dr. Chia-Shu Lin, an Adjunct Professor at NYCU's Dental Department and Institute of Brain Science
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Translated By Elaine Chuang \r\n______
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\r\nPreventing dementia goes beyond exercising the brain and engaging in social activities; paying close attention to one's oral health now appears crucial. Recently, the dental department at NYCU published a report in the international medical journal 'Ageing Research Review,' revealing substantial evidence supporting a strong correlation between severe periodontal disease, extensive tooth loss, and dementia. \r\n \r\nThe Ministry of Health and Welfare estimates that the dementia population in Taiwan exceeds 300,000, with those aged 65 and above accounting for 96%. Dementia is a general term for a disease, not simply an aging phenomenon, with Alzheimer's disease being the most well-known. In addition to memory decline, dementia also affects cognitive functions and alters personality and behavior in the human brain. Although previous studies have found a correlation between deteriorating oral health and an increased risk of dementia, the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear. \r\n
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Research Evidence Indicates Strong Association Between Severe Oral Health Issues and Cognitive Impairment\r\n\r\n
\r\nThe latest research from the Dental Department systematically reviewed 28 studies conducted over the past five years, analyzing the correlation between oral health and cognitive impairment. Most of these studies focused on the association between periodontal disease, oral microbiota, and Alzheimer's disease. More research evidence now supports a strong link between severe oral health issues, such as severe periodontal disease and, extensive tooth loss, and cognitive impairment. \r\n \r\nHowever, there is a lack of consistent conclusions regarding other oral health issues, such as the chewing function in the elderly. Moreover, whether oral health can prevent early or mild-stage dementia has yet to receive more robust research evidence support. \r\n \r\nThe lead researcher of this study, Dr. Chia-Shu Lin, an Adjunct Professor at NYCU's Dental Department and Institute of Brain Science, noted significant divergence in the current discussions about the relationship between oral health and cognitive impairment.
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\r\nHowever, overall, oral issues like extensive tooth loss or severe periodontal disease show the strongest association with dementia. \r\n \r\nHe emphasized that the correlation between the two should not be oversimplified into a causal relationship. For instance, while there is a connection between tooth loss and dementia, it doesn't necessarily mean that wearing dentures will prevent dementia or that increased chewing will automatically enhance cognitive function. The association between oral health and dementia cannot be simplified to the idea that regular brushing alone can prevent dementia. "These aspects require further research for confirmation," he added. \r\n \r\nIn fact, due to the gradual loss of self-care abilities that often accompanies dementia, patients may be unable to maintain their oral hygiene practices, such as brushing their teeth and rinsing. As the condition progresses, this can lead to more severe oral issues.
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\r\n \r\nHowever, Chia-Shu Lin also noted that even though scientists cannot clarify the causal relationship, oral health still holds significant relevance to cognitive function. Unfortunately, the majority of people are not aware of this connection. "We hope to raise awareness among the public about the crucial link between oral health and cognitive well-being. Oral health should play a vital role in caring for the elderly," he emphasized. \r\n \r\nThis study, led by Professor Chia-Shu Lin from NYCU's Department of Dentistry, along with Dr. Ta-chung Chen from Taipei Veterans General Hospital's Stomatology Department, and Dr. Jong-Ling Fuh, the Director of the Department of Neurosurgery, collaborated with an international team from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden and the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The team systematically analyzed existing systematic literature using an umbrella literature review approach. The research was published in a top-tier journal in the field of geriatric medicine in January of this year and featured in a report by Newsweek in the United States. \r\n \r\n
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/doc?module=headnews&detailNo=1209381431382380544&type=s","pdffileurl":"","odffileurl":"","expFile":"An umbrella review on the association between factors of oral health and cognitive dysfunction"}],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1210482387574591488&init=Y","expFile":"The lead researcher of this study, Dr. Chia-Shu Lin, an Adjunct Professor at NYCU’s Dental Department and Institute of Brain Science."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Breakthrough in Taiwan-Japan Collaborative Research: Development of Helical Nano Quartz Glass Paves the Way for a New Era in 3D Displays and Quantum Computers","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-01-19","detailContent":"
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The study involves incorporating achiral fluorescent molecules and solvents into nano-glass containers. \r\nMixing and adjusting the solvent ratios enables the free generation of circularly polarized luminescence ranging from green to blue.
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\r\nTranslated by Yen-Chien Lai \r\n______
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Professor Ming-Chia Li's research team from the Department of Biological Science and Technology at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) collaborates with a multinational research team involving Associate Professor Tomoyasu HIRAI from Osaka University and Professor Teruaki Hayakawa from Tokyo Institute of Technology. \r\n \r\nTogether, they have successfully developed circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) technology, allowing control of light emission from green to blue by placing fluorescent molecules and solvents into spiral-shaped nano-glass containers. This innovative technology finds applications in 3D displays and quantum computing. \r\n \r\nBuilding on Innovation: Advancements in Nano-Glass Technology through Molecular Design Synthesis and Helical Structures \r\n \r\nProf. Ming-Chia Li stated that this research is a continuation based on the findings from 2021. The team employed molecular design synthesis techniques, utilizing anionic polymerization reactions with active ions. This led to the development of three-dimensional regular polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) materials with side chains containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). The team successfully produced quartz glass containers with nanoscale helical structures through high-temperature firing. \r\n \r\nThe study involves incorporating achiral fluorescent molecules and solvents into nano-glass containers. Mixing and adjusting the solvent ratios enables the free generation of circularly polarized luminescence from green to blue. This successful establishment of control over molecular ground states and the regulation of optical activity can serve as a technological foundation for applications in stereoscopic 3D displays, nano-drug carriers, and the field of quantum computing.
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Shaping the Future: 'Controlling Circularly Polarized Luminescence' Emerges as a Global Scientific Sensation in JACS Au \r\n \r\nThis significant research achievement, titled 'Controlling Circularly Polarized Luminescence Using Helically Structured Chiral Silica as a Nanosized Fused Quartz Cell,' has been published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society ‘JACS Au.’ \r\n \r\nThe innovative perspectives and breakthroughs in the study have garnered numerous views and downloads from researchers in the global scientific community over the past month. Not only has it become a highly-read article in the journal (MOST Read), but it was also selected as the cover story for the November issue of JACS Au. \r\n
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Professor Ming-Chia Li's research team
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1197766953091993600&init=Y","expFile":"The study involves incorporating achiral fluorescent molecules and solvents into nano-glass containers."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[{"relateURL":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacsau.3c00390","relateName":"Controlling Circularly Polarized Luminescence Using Helically Structured Chiral Silica as a Nanosized Fused Quartz Cell (published in JACS Au)"}]},{"subject":"NYCU’s Breakthrough in Transistor Technology: Advancing Moore’s Law with Enhanced Chip Integration Density","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2024-01-10","detailContent":"
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Professor Po-Tsun Liu stated that the breakthrough in transistor technology offers hope for the continuous improvement of the density of integration of chip circuits.
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By NYCU Elite \r\nEdited by Elaine Chuang \r\n______
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National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has been deeply committed to advanced transistor technology research. The research team, led by Professor Po-Tsun Liu from the Department of Photonics at NYCU, has developed “Ultra High-Density Heterogeneous Complementary Field-Effect Transistor Technology” this year to challenge the next-generation technology goal of angstrom-scale integrated circuits. This achievement offers hope for the continuous improvement of the density of integration of chip circuits, and the research results have been published in the internationally renowned academic journal Advanced Science in 2023. \r\n \r\nNYCU Leads the Way in Cutting-Edge Integrated Circuit Chip Technology with Ultra-High-Density Integration \r\n
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This research is part of the 'Angstrom Semiconductor Initiative,' led by Professor Po-Tsun Liu in collaboration with Yushan Fellow of the Ministry of Education, Professor Yue Kuo from Texas A&M. The focus of the research encompasses three key areas: materials, electronic devices, and circuits. More specifically, the study has pioneered the development of complementary field-effect transistor technology (CFET), designed for the application of monolithic three-dimensional integrated circuits (M3D-ICs). \r\n \r\nAccording to Prof. Liu, the exponential growth of the semiconductor industry has led to an increasing demand for high-performance chips with features such as high speed, high density of integration, and low power consumption. To address the challenges posed by the physical limits of miniaturization, the concept of M3D-ICs was proposed. This involves vertically stacking multiple layers of transistor devices within a limited area, potentially surpassing Moore’s Law. \r\n \r\nIn a recent project, a team of researchers from NYCU developed a novel nanometer-thick amorphous indium tungsten oxide (a-IWO) semiconductor channel layer. They successfully implemented a complementary inverter logic circuit by combining a novel N-type amorphous indium tungsten oxide transistor with a P-type polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor (poly-Si TFT). \r\n
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Professor Po-Tsun Liu discussed experimental data with the laboratory team. \r\n \r\n
The inverter circuit is renowned for its high voltage gain, low power consumption, and high noise margin. By employing a three-dimensional stacking structure, this circuit substantially reduces the area occupied by devices, thereby effectively enhancing the integration density of transistor devices and circuits. \r\n \r\nIn a recent study, the research team successfully integrated heterogeneous semiconductor channel materials, low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, and indium tungsten oxide channel transistors to create a CFET-based inverter circuit. This innovative development showcases the technology's potential applications in M3D-ICs. \r\n \r\n"If we integrate this atomically thin oxide transistor with front-end-of-line devices for three-dimensional integrated circuit technology, it could boost the transistor density on the chip and enhance chip functionality to meet a variety of product applications. Additionally, it has the potential to advance semiconductor technology and further the trajectory of Moore’s Law," said Prof. Liu. \r\n \r\nThe three-dimensional integration technology of heterogeneous semiconductor devices enables CFET to achieve high voltage gain under low operating voltage. It is well-suited for various low-power consumption applications, such as AIoT intelligent networks, driver ICs, wearable electronics, display panels, and the metaverse-related industry chain. The CFET technology boasts higher energy efficiency, contributing to a low-carbon emission production chain, anticipating its future application in the semiconductor industry to realize the goal of a green semiconductor production chain.
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\r\n \r\n \r\nIntensive Collaboration with Domestic and International Scholars and Industry \r\n \r\nThe NYCU faculty collaborates extensively with domestic and international scholars, industry partners, and government agencies to enhance research and development resources. Since 2020, Prof. Liu’s team has engaged in a forward-looking collaboration with TSMC, actively participating in the Joint Development Project (JDP) focused on advancing three-dimensional transistor technology. Additionally, they are involved in international collaborations with Professor Yue Kuo from Texas A&M University, Professor Peide Ye from Purdue University, and Academician Chenming Hu from the Academia Sinica. \r\n \r\nCurrently, a cross-university team, under the guidance of Prof. Liu, is executing two phases of the 'Angstrom Semiconductor Initiative.' This team primarily focuses on developing critical technologies for high-density integrated circuits in forward-looking Monolithic Three-dimensional Integrated Circuit (M3D-IC) technologies. The initiative aims to address pressing challenges in the production technology of angstrom-scale devices and circuits, striving to achieve the performance equivalent to the 2030 1-nm node in integration density and the cost of logic and memory circuits.\r\n
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Professor Po-Tsun Liu from the Department of Photonics at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University \r\n \r\nInternational Research Collaboration: Bridging Students’ Gap Between Theory and Practice \r\n \r\nCollaboration between on-campus faculty and industry is pivotal in advancing research and technology within the field. Moreover, it offers students valuable insights into the latest technological developments in the industry, effectively bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. Prof. Liu emphasizes, "This is why almost all graduate students from NYCU College of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) secure job opportunities with Taiwan’s semiconductor industry giants even before graduation." \r\n \r\nFurthermore, he highlighted the university’s provision of financial support and diverse international exchange programs, encouraging students to capitalize on these opportunities. Participation in such programs, he noted, not only allows students to refine their communication skills and boost their confidence but also provides them with fresh knowledge that can inspire innovative ideas. \r\n \r\nIn his closing statements, Prof. Liu reiterated the profound significance of perseverance in research. Overcoming the inclination to 'give up' forms a sturdy foundation in academic pursuits and is the singular path to success in one’s studies.\r\n
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\r\nProfessor Po-Tsun Liu and the laboratory team
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1194500905773305856&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Po-Tsun Liu stated that the breakthrough in transistor technology offers hope for the continuous improvement of the density of integration of chip circuits."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Taiwan’s Mountainous Disaster Research: Critical Breakthroughs in Landslide and Rockfall Prevention","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-09-26","detailContent":"
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Research team conducting field investigations in the Central Cross-Island Highway
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Translated by Yue-Ting, Luo \r\nEdited by Elaine Chuang \r\nNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung University \r\n______ \r\n \r\nLast week, Taiwan experienced continuous heavy rainfall across the island, leading to the risk of landslides, road erosion, and slope failures in mountainous regions. The fragmented geological conditions in Taiwan have made slope-related disasters increasingly frequent. Among these, rockfall disasters have garnered significant attention due to their high-speed impact on mountain roads, resulting in casualties and road closures. \r\n \r\nIn order to elucidate the impact of these disasters, a multidisciplinary research team consisting of Professor Meng-Chia Weng, Associate Professor Terry Y.P. Yuen, and Associate Professor Weian Chao from the Department of Civil Engineering, along with the collaboration from National Taiwan University, National Taipei University of Technology, National United University, and Sinotech Engineering Consultants Inc., has made significant breakthroughs in the analysis and prevention of rockfall disasters. \r\n \r\nSignificant Breakthroughs in the Analysis and Prevention of Rockfall Disasters \r\n \r\nTheir research provides valuable insights into the damage caused by fragmented geology and extreme weather in Taiwan. These research findings not only serve as a reference for the Second Maintenance Office of the Highway Bureau, MOTC but have also been published in the prestigious journal “Engineering Geology,” receiving high acclaim. \r\n \r\nProfessor Meng-Chia Weng stated that the rapid acquisition of disaster information regarding crucial transportation routes after slope disasters is an urgent research priority. This information is crucial for devising disaster rescue strategies and regulatory project designs. With support from the National Science and Technology Council’s “Disaster Prevention and Rescue Technology Innovation Service Project,” the research team has developed a system called the “Slope Disaster Information Integration and Assessment System” (GeoPORT System). \r\n \r\nThis system can swiftly integrate disaster data, including landslide locations, areas, scales, rainfall, and seismic intensity, and subsequently simulate the post-disaster impacts. It aims to offer rapid assessments for disaster prevention and rescue units and recommendations for subsequent remediation by supervisory authorities, ultimately reducing the societal and economic impacts.
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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nThe Analytical Approach can be Tailored to Specific Rockfall-prone Locations, Customizing Protective Measures to Align with the Type of Rockfall Encountered \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Terry Y.P. Yuen expressed that following the massive boulder impact on the Tayun Bridge of the Central Cross-Island Highway in February 2022, the research team collaborated with highway authorities to conduct an exhaustive investigation at the disaster site. The research team utilized technology, including optical radar and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to collect geological and rockfall data on-site, proposing an innovative high-fidelity simulation analysis and method known as the Hybrid Discrete Element-Finite Element Method (Hybrid DEM-FEM). \r\n \r\nThis method enables a comprehensive reconstruction of the causes of rockfall disasters, the three-dimensional trajectories of falling rocks, and the impact energy on the bridges. The simulation results closely matched the observed rockfall paths and bridge damage patterns on-site. The entire process seems to resemble a detective’s meticulous process of reconstructing the incident based on on-site evidence. \r\n \r\nAssociate Professor Weian Chao further explained that unlike conventional rockfall impact force design methods, this analytical approach can be tailored to specific rockfall-prone locations, customizing protective measures to align with the type of rockfall encountered.
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In Feb 2022 Tayun Bridge on the Central Cross-Island Highway was struck by massive boulder impactheavy rocks causing significant damage to the bridge and a complete traffic blockade. structure. This rare and significant disaster garnered public attention.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1164747191915384832&init=Y","expFile":"Research team conducting field investigations in the Central Cross-Island Highway."},{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1164747188991954944&init=Y","expFile":"In Feb 2022 Tayun Bridge on the Central Cross-Island Highway was struck by massive boulder impactheavy rocks."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"The fetus contracting COVID-19 has a safe solution: ITM Confirm “Molnupiravir” Can Penetrate the Placenta to Achieve Effective Therapeutic Concentrations","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-09-18","detailContent":"
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ITM Confirm “Molnupiravir” Can Penetrate the Placenta to Achieve Effective Therapeutic Concentrations
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\r\nTranslated by Yi Yun Huang
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Molnupiravir is a drug authorized for emergency use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat COVID-19, but many aspects of its mechanism are still unclear. Professor Tung-Hu Tsai from the Institute of Traditional Medicine (ITM) at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has confirmed through pharmacokinetics that Molnupiravir and its active metabolite, NHC, can penetrate the placental barrier to reach the fetus and achieve effective virus inhibition concentrations. This research was published in the scientific journal ‘eBioMedicine,’ which is part of the Lancet series. \r\n \r\nDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a lack of information on medication research. According to the interim guidelines for clinical management of novel coronavirus infections by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, prescribing physicians should only consider using Molnupiravir for pregnant women if the benefits outweigh the risks and must thoroughly inform pregnant women about the risks of using the medication during pregnancy. Even with this risk assessment, it remains entirely unknown whether the treatment reaches a therapeutic concentration for the fetus. \r\n \r\nThis research is part of the epidemic prevention scientific research center project led by Vice President Muh-Hwa Yang and was carried out in collaboration with the University of Cambridge in the UK.
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Professor Tung-Hu Tsai leads the research team, which used self-developed microdialysis probes to collect samples from the blood, placenta, amniotic fluid, and fetuses of pregnant mice. The concentrations of Molnupiravir and its active metabolites were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The research found that approximately 29% of the effective metabolite in the mother’s bloodstream reaches the fetus, 19% reaches the amniotic fluid, and 9% reaches the placenta. Furthermore, when combined with past in vitro research literature, it was discovered that the overall concentration of effective metabolites entering the fetus through placental tissue after administration is approximately only one-third of the concentration in the mother’s blood. \r\n \r\nProfessor Tung-Hu Tsai stated that the concentrations of the drug in the blood, placenta, fetus, and amniotic fluid of pregnant mice were all higher than the effective therapeutic concentrations, confirming it as an effective treatment regimen. The dosage administered achieves effective treatment concentration ranges in both the pregnant mother and the fetus. This scientific discovery holds important reference value for the use of medication by pregnant women infected with the COVID-19 virus and whether it can effectively treat infections in the unborn fetus.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153559009261785088&init=Y","expFile":"ITM Confirm “Molnupiravir” Can Penetrate the Placenta to Achieve Effective Therapeutic Concentrations"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"“NYCU Laser System Research Center” has been awarded the Technology Transfer Award of the 2023 TAIPEI BIOTECH AWARDS.","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-09-18","detailContent":"
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"NYCU Laser System Research Center" has been awarded the Technology Transfer Award of the 2023 TAIPEI BIOTECH AWARDS.
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The Laser Systems Research Center of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has been dedicated to laser technology research. With a focus on developing medical laser systems, our team leverages solid engineering techniques to deepen and broaden the application of laser systems in the field of healthcare. By creating innovative medical laser systems with a forward-looking approach, we strive to nurture postgraduate talents who possess a visionary perspective on laser technology in the industry, and have the capability to develop laser technology products. Our goal is to lead Taiwan’s laser technology industry into the international arena of medical laser technology, thereby establishing a mutually beneficial model of collaboration between the medical device industry and academia.
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Artificial intelligence enabled electrocardiogram interpretation system
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Artificial intelligence enabled electrocardiogram interpretation system
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NYCU Laser System Research Center has pioneered an ophthalmic laser system using Stimulated-Raman-Scattering (SRS) technology. We inventively developed a top-efficient high-power dual-wavelength Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser by using two different lithium triborate (LBO) crystals. Based on the same cavity configuration, a highly efficient NdYVO4/KGW cavity was also developed to generate Raman laser at 579 nm.In this cavity design, the Np-cut potassium gadolinium tungstate (KGW) crystal is specially coated to prevent the Stokes wave from propagating through the gain medium, and new output coupler with double-sided dichroic coating was to exterminate the leakage power of the Stokes wave to lead to a remarkable improvement for the output efficiency. \r\n \r\nLaser System Research Center also provides regulatory supports to ensure the quality of the commercialization; ISO13485 design control process is in place; technical data is complete and sufficient for regulatory submissions; and animal study is to ensure the clinical evaluation. The goal is to bring the Multi-wavelengths Pattern Scanning Ophthalmic Laser System to be ready for sales with leading edge laser technology, revolutionary clinical innovation, and rigorous quality management control.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153558062783533056&init=Y","expFile":"“NYCU Laser System Research Center” has been awarded the Technology Transfer Award of the 2023 TAIPEI BIOTECH AWARDS."}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Breakthrough in Light Source Control: NYCU Develops the First Method for Continuously Adjusting Spectral Peak and Bandwidth","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-09-18","detailContent":"
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Left: laser source device (compared the size with NT$50 coin) \r\n
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Did you know that precise control over light sources can open up new possibilities for scientific research and engineering applications? National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) develops world’s first device for continuous adjustment of spectral peaks and bandwidth, which can be widely applied in various pulsed laser systems. \r\n
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Accurately manipulate the generation of light sources creates new possibilities for scientific research and engineering applications. \r\n
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Research and Discovery \r\n \r\nAssistant Professor Shih-Hsuan Chia from the Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), has developed a laser source device that can concurrently adjust the spectral location and bandwidth of pulsed light. This innovation greatly enhances the understanding of the interaction between light and matter and facilitates the practical application of this knowledge. Mr. Chia developed a device measuring approximately 2.5 cm3. The device can individually and continuously adjust the spectral peak and bandwidth by controlling the nonlinear effects (self-phase modulation) of optical fibers. It is the world’s first device to enable the arbitrary, individual, and continuous manipulation of spectral peaks and bandwidth. With this device, scientists can freely adjust the center frequency and bandwidth of short pulsed light sources and achieve pulse widths as short as 14 femtosecond (10−15 seconds).
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Assistant Professor Shih-Hsuan Chia from the Institute of Biophotonics, NYCU, has developed a laser source device that can concurrently adjust the spectral location and bandwidth of pulsed light.
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\r\nLimitations and Breakthrough
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The application of optical technology in various fields provides numerous advantages. The ability to accurately manipulate the generation of light sources creates new possibilities for scientific research and engineering applications. In particular, a key aspect of this ability is the control of spectral locations and bandwidth. Nevertheless, this capability is limited by the types of luminescent materials that are used. Typically, spectral locations and bandwidth cannot be adjusted freely, and this limits the effect and potential of subsequent applications. This research achievement will have a positive influence on nonlinear spectral analysis and microscopy technology. The research team believes that this breakthrough will assist scientists in conducting more efficient studies of material properties and lead to further advancements in the practical application of light sources.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153556020807602176&init=Y","expFile":"Left: laser source device (compared the size with NT$50 coin)"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"NYCU’s Successful Challenge to the Next-Generation Angstrom-Level Integrated Circuit Technology, with Potential to Go “More than Moore”","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-07-04","detailContent":"
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With the rapid advancement of semiconductor technologies and the industry in recent years, the concept of a monolithic three-dimensional integrated circuit (M3D-IC) has emerged as a solution to overcome the limitations of transistor miniaturization, as predicted by Moore’s law. M3D-IC technology involves a shift toward a multilevel vertically stacked structure in transistors, allowing for increased transistor density within a limited chip area and aiming to achieve “More than Moore.” This technology is expected to enable the production of small chips with high processing speeds and low costs while further miniaturizing semiconductor manufacturing processes.
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Led by Liu Po-tsun, a Chair Professor from the Department of Photonics at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, a team conduct the National Science and Technology Council’s Angstrom Semiconductor Initiative in an international collaboration with Professor Kuo Yu at Texas A&M University in the U.S., who is also a Yushan Fellow. The team focused on innovations in materials, transistor devices, and circuits, leading to the development of a complementary field-effect transistor (CFET; Figure 1) specifically designed for use in M3D-ICs. They employed a novel semiconductor material called amorphous indium tungsten oxide (a-IWO) to achieve exceptional current performance in the channel with a thickness of only a few atomic layers. The CFET also exhibited high voltage gains in logic circuits, low static power at the pico-watt level, and a highly symmetric noise margin (see Figure 2). By successfully addressing the technological challenges associated with M3D-IC, the team’s novel material and technology proved comparable to the silicon-based transistor commonly used in the semiconductor industry today. \r\n \r\nThe technological advancements achieved through this research hold significant application value for next-generation Angstrom-level integrated circuits; it facilitates the integration of heterogeneous semiconductor chips that contain high densities of transistors, while achieving high device performance with low power consumption. This milestone represents a significant breakthrough for the semiconductor industry beyond the scope of Moore’s law. The research finding has also been published in the prestigious journal Advanced Science (p. 2205481, Jan. 2023. Impact Factor: 17.52, FWCI: 3.32).
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Figure 1. The vertically stacked CFET structure for use in M3D-ICs to facilitate the manufacturing of advanced semiconductor chips with ultra-high densities of circuits.
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Figure 2. The performance of an inverter comprised of three-dimensional vertically stacked CFET at various operating bias voltages: (a) low-bias-voltage transfer characteristics, (b) high-voltage gains (~ 152V/V), (c) ultralow static power consumption at the pico-watt level, and (d) highly symmetric noise margin (~80%).
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153497382986452992&init=Y","expFile":"laboratory members"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Scientists Discover Ferroptosis Enhances Immunotherapy Efficacy in Head and Neck Cancer","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-05-24","detailContent":"
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National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) recently made a breakthrough in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) research. The research team led by Professor Muh-Hwa Yang of the Institute of Clinical Medicine, NYCU discovered that inducing iron-dependent cell death (ferroptosis) in HNSCC enhances the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. This crucial finding was published in the international journal Advanced Science in April this year.
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The immunoregulatory molecule PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells serves as a critical target for immunotherapy. However, in some cases of metastatic/recurrent head and neck cancer, the expression of PD-L1 in cancer cells may be insufficient, thereby affecting the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. The NYCU and Taipei Veterans General Hospital (VGHTPE) research team discovered that by augmenting ferroptosis signature in tumor cells, the PD-L1 expressions in tumor cells can be increased, thereby enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. This finding provides new insights and directions for head and neck cancer treatment strategies. \r\n \r\nFerroptosis, is a cell death process newly discovered in recent years. Cells generate reactive oxygen species that accumulate on the cell membrane during iron metabolism. When these reactive oxygen species cannot be cleared normally, cell death can occur. \r\n \r\nThe NYCU–VGHTPE research team analyzed HNSCC specimens and found that the ferroptosis signals in the specimens were closely related to inflammation/immune-related signatures, indicating that ferroptosis is a form of cell death that triggers an immune response. Upon further injecting ferroptosis inducers into cell lines and tumor sites in mice, the researchers observed the effect of suppression of cancer development and immune activation in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, inducing ferroptosis in cancer cells significantly increased PD-L1 expression; thus, the combined use of ferroptosis inducers and immunotherapy demonstrated synergistic therapeutic effects in the animal experiments. \r\n \r\nRecently, a US research team discovered that immunotherapy could increase ferroptosis in tumor cells, confirming the potential synergy of ferroptosis inducers and immunotherapy in cancer treatment. This study by NYCU directly confirms that ferroptosis itself can inhibit tumor cell growth and synergistic effects of immunotherapy can be achieved through modulation of the tumor microenvironment. \r\n \r\nProfessor Muh-Hwa Yang said that immunotherapy has clinically become mainstream in tumor treatment. Current research focuses on enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy and improving immunotherapy response in therapy-resistant cancer cells. The present research showed that inducing ferroptosis in cancer cells to enhance immunotherapy efficacy could potentially become a new cancer treatment strategy. Although, currently, no clinically ferroptosis inducers are available, this research has revealed the ferroptosis and immunoregulation mechanisms in HNSCC treatment, which will aid in developing new treatment strategies and laying the foundation for future drug research. \r\n \r\nThis study was jointly conducted by Prof. Muh-Hwa Yang and Dr. Chih-Hung Chung’s team from the Institute of Clinical Medicine at NYCU, in collaboration with Dr. Pen-Yuan Chu, Director of the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department at VGHTPE and Dr. Shyh-Kuan Tai, Chief of the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department at VGHTPE. The Cancer Progression Research Center, NYCU performed various experiments, including the spatial association of the transcriptomic signatures in the clinical specimen analysis for the study, and Assistant Prof. Chun-Yu Lin from the Department of Biological Science & Technology, NYCU, performed the advanced bioinformatics analysis.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153499973610901504&init=Y","expFile":"Dr. Yang Muhua takes a group photo with members of the Cancer Progression Research Center of Excellence"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Professor Edward Yi Chang of NYCU won a prestigious academic award bestowed by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-05-17","detailContent":"
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Professor Edward Yi Chang (張翼), Dean of the International College of Semiconductor Technology (ICST) of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has long been committed to the research of compound semiconductor. He has been the pioneer in many discoveries in compound semiconductor area including the world’s highest frequency InAs quantum transistor, the world record InGaAs fin fish transistor and Innovative E-Mode GaN power components for fail safe EV applications. His significant contributions won him the 66th Academic Award of the Ministry of Education in 2023.
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Professor Edward Yi Chang is an internationally renowned scholar in the field of III-V semiconductors. He is leading the trend in research and technology in the field of compound semiconductors; as well as paving the ways for the applications of III-V components in the fields of high speed energy saving electronics, high-frequency communication components and high-power electro-mechanical conversion components. He is actively deploying compound semiconductor technologies for the next wave of Taiwan’s industry. \r\n
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The outstanding performance of Professor Edward Yi Chang in the field of semiconductor technology has long been recognized by his peers at his homeland and abroad. In addition to winning three outstanding awards from the Ministry of Science and Technology, he has previously been recognized by the 2019 IEEE Life Fellow and JSAP Fellow International awards; he is also a Fellow of the Chinese Society for Materials Science and Technology, a Fellow of Taiwan Vacuum Society, and was awarded the prestigious Hou Jindui Science and Technology Outstanding Honor Award. Currently, he is also the center directors of Foxconn-NYCU Research Center, TSMC-NYCU Joint Research Center, NYCU-Win Semiconductor Technology Innovation Center. \r\n \r\nBesides academic recognition, Professor Edward Yi Chang is also well known in industry and has won several awards, such as the Industrial Economic Contribution Award and the Industrial Innovation Academic Award from the Ministry of Economic Affairs, as well as the 27th TECO Award, 42th Lu Tze-Hung award for materials scientist and the 110th Annual “Outstanding Technology Transfer Contribution Award” from the Ministry of Science and Technology. \r\n \r\nProfessor Chang has served the university for over 30 years in different capacities at NYCU including Department Head, College Dean, Director of Office of International Affairs, and Senior Vice President for Research. Congratulations to Professor Chang for another milestone achievement.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153500162878869504&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Edward Yi Chang awards photo"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"100% desalination! Amyloid for seawater desalination published in the international journal Small","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-05-11","detailContent":"
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Being impacted by extreme weather, Taiwan has been facing a crisis of water shortage in recent years. Seawater desalination has become a new means of water creation. Professor Sheh-Yi Sheu of the Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University served as the principal investigator of a research paper published in the international academic journal Small. Scientists used amyloid that can cause Alzheimer’s disease to block salt ions and transport water molecules, achieving the magical effect of 100% seawater desalination and developing a new method of seawater desalination.
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Professor Sheu explained that amyloid is an insoluble fibrous protein that accumulates abnormally in body organs, causing a variety of severe diseases, the most famous of which is Alzheimer’s disease. The medical field hopes to find a way to clear the accumulated amyloid in the brain, thereby treating Alzheimer’s disease. However, scientists went in the opposite direction and developed a method of seawater desalination by using the properties of amyloid to block salt ions. \r\n \r\nThe seawater desalination method involves the use of a nanotube comprising three pieces of the amyloid protein and ingeniously utilizes the potential difference on the protein membrane surface to drive water molecules to move in a single direction, blocking the passage of salt ions (e.g., sodium ions and chlorine ions) and forming a molecular motor to achieve the effect of seawater desalination without any external energy supply.
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Professor Sheu stated that reverse osmosis is currently the mainstream seawater desalination technology, which requires a motor to pressurize seawater to pass through the reverse osmosis membrane, thereby separating salt from seawater. Although the technology is feasible, it requires a large amount of electricity and equipment, rendering it difficult to achieve economies of scale. Using amyloid to filter seawater demonstrates a new direction for effective and energy-saving seawater desalination using biomimetic nanomaterials. \r\n
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The research team theoretically estimated that a filtering membrane composed of a 10 ×10 cm2 amyloid nanotube could produce 2.5 tons of fresh water per day, which is 200 times more than the amount of fresh water produced using the existing reverse osmosis method. \r\n \r\nProfessor Sheu stated that the sheet-like structure formed by amyloid can automatically guide water molecules. In addition, by changing one amino acid in the structure to a charged one and increasing the nanotube’s hydrophilic potential, the efficiency of separating water molecules and salt ions can be enhanced. The experimental results allow the scientific field to understand the automatic transmission mechanism of biomimetic materials and an effective and energy-saving method of seawater desalination.
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Professor Sheu pointed out that climate change has intensified the crisis of water resource shortage. This biomimetic nanomaterial not only demonstrates that the one-way diffusion of water molecules can occur on the nanoscale protein surface but also provides a new candidate material and research direction for future development of a seawater desalination mechanism that features high-yield, low-energy consumption, and low-carbon emission.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153500443419086848&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Sheu group photo with lab member"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Team NYCU’s Unmanned Surface Vehicle Mission Surpassed Expectations and Earned a Well-deserved Third Place in the 2022 Maritime RobotX Challenge, thanks to Their Innovative Approach and Meticulous Planning","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-04-11","detailContent":"
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Team NYCU participated in the 2022 Maritime RobotX Challenge held in Australia from November 11-17, 2022. The competition, organized by the international unmanned system association, RoboNation, and co-sponsored by the Australian Department of Defense, attracted 20 universities from around the world. The Office of Naval Research (ONR) of the United States Navy initiated the competition in 2012 and continued to sponsor the 2022 event. Team NYCU showed excellent on-site performance and mastery of the new tasks in the finals, standing out from the other finalists, and achieving a remarkable third place.
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The Maritime RobotX Challenge is a biennial competition. In 2018, Team NCTU from National Chiao Tung University delivered an outstanding performance, achieving fifth place and receiving the award for the best single-day performance. In 2022, a team from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University participated in the competition once again. Led by Associate Professor Hsueh-Cheng Wang from the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Institute of Electronics, a cross-disciplinary team of 14 students from the Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Electronics, and Robotics Program completed autonomous surface missions using the software and hardware design of unmanned surface vehicles and drones. \r\n \r\nAll teams participating in the competition were required to use unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned surface vehicles to complete various tasks. These tasks included passing through entrance and exit gates, taking off and landing on platforms, capturing waterborne targets, using hydrophones to confirm the location of underwater sound sources, following paths accurately and crossing floating buoys to enable the vessel to enter from a designated location and successfully complete the mission. \r\n \r\nDuring the competition, both unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned surface vehicles must pass strict safety checks before each takeoff and launch. Completing the designated tasks qualifies teams to enter the semi-finals. In the finals, all sub-tasks must be completed within the specified time frame to earn points. Apart from the practical tasks, teams must also present their system design through written and oral reports. The final ranking is based on the accumulation of all points. \r\n \r\nAssoc. Prof. Hsueh-Cheng Wang expressed that taking part in the competition is an ongoing learning process that equips students with skills that are not easily gained in the classroom. He added that students learn how to establish objectives, tackle challenges, cooperate in large teams, and adapt to unexpected situations. Before the contest, he inquired about his students’ expectations. Initially, they lacked confidence, but during the competition, they consistently emerged as frontrunners. Wang believes that the most significant benefit of participating in such contests is learning how to develop confidence while working with international teams. \r\n \r\nThe team members have mentioned that the preparation schedule before the competition was rigorous, requiring them to work overtime on weekends. During the contest period, everyone worked diligently, resulting in less than 5 hours of sleep each day. Despite the difficulties encountered, the team members aided each other and found solutions, leading to the discovery of more effective strategies. Ray, the team leader, expressed his satisfaction with their joint effort, saying, “It feels fantastic to work together! Our emotions fluctuated with the progress of the competition, from the uncertainty before departure, the nervousness in the initial stages of the contest, the thrill of entering the finals, to the gratification of completing the competition. However, our determination to do the best we can remained constant. \r\n \r\nTeam NYCU would like to sincerely express our appreciation for the support provided by our alumni, Dr. Kuan-Ting ‘Peter’ Yu at XYZ Robotics, Lungteh Shipbuilding Co., and K-Best Co., who generously donated funds towards our travel expenses.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153501298511843328&init=Y","expFile":"Team NYCU Maritime RobotX"}],"videos":[{"videoURL":"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Tw5rHTJ2Mac","videoSource":"youtube"}],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Herbicides are discovered to stimulate immune responses and deteriorate intestinal inflammation","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-03-07","detailContent":"
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Western food and genetic inheritance are considered the main risk factors of intestinal inflammation, which has become increasingly prevalent in Taiwan. The research collaboration between National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Harvard University identified herbicides as a risk factor that deteriorates such inflammation. This discovery marks a breakthrough regarding the effect of environmental factors on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and has therefore been published in Nature.
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IBD mainly includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. In Taiwan, the prevalence of ulcerative colitis increased from 2.1 patients per 100,000 population in 2001 to 12.8 patients per 100,000 population in 2015, demonstrating a five-fold increase in 14 years[1]. Previously, IBD was mostly observed in Western countries. Although scholars have confirmed approximately 200 genes related to this type of disease, their understanding of relevant environmental factors is limited. \r\n
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Associated Professor Yu-Chao Wang from the Institute of Biomedical Informatics, NYCU collaborated with Harvard Medical School and used zebrafish to examine chemical substances that potentially affect intestinal inflammation, thereby creating a prediction model for compounds that deteriorate IBD. The model was applied to the ToxCast database of the US Environmental Protection Agency to identify more compounds that potentially lead to the deterioration of IBD.
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Among the top 20 most influential compounds identified by Dr. Wang, more than half were associated with agriculture. The research team further examined propyzamide, a type of herbicide commonly used to remove weeds in sports venues and gardens, by conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments. They confirmed that this compound disturbs dioxin receptors that maintain intestinal stability and induces immune responses associated with T cells and dendritic cells, causing the deterioration of IBD. \r\n \r\nPropyzamide decomposes slowly when used on plants; after 50 days, 60% of the compound can remain on plants. Consequently, individuals who frequent grass sports fields or gardens are at risk of being exposed to propyzamide. Dr. Wang stated that the research team is currently developing nanoparticles and probiotics to alleviate IBD caused by herbicides. \r\n \r\nThis research project involves interdisciplinary efforts between dry labs and wet labs. In general, dry labs focus on the use of computer simulation, whereas wet labs mainly conduct conventional biochemistry analysis. In the current research collaboration between Taiwan and the United States, the NYCU research team mainly uses big data from relevant databases to create disease prediction models. The Harvard research team, led by Dr. Francisco Quintana, then verifies the models by using conventional laboratory techniques and large samples. \r\n \r\nDr. Wang noted that interdisciplinary research is a common and crucial approach in biomedicine. It has been prevalently applied in the research of various diseases. Bioinformatics involves the use of big data analysis to quickly identify potential treatment methods, which are then verified through laboratory experiments. This in turn reduces the substantial human resources, time consumption, and costs that are otherwise needed in conventional biological research. The finding of the research team received the attention of Nature because it identified an environmental factor of IBD and demonstrated the viability of combining bioinformatics with in vitro and in vivo experiments through interdisciplinary collaboration.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153504821140000768&init=Y","expFile":"Associated Professor Yu-Chao Wang take group photo with lab member"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[{"relateURL":"https://www.irjournal.org/journal/view.php?number=731&utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Intestinal_Research_TrendMD_1","relateName":"[1] Yen et al. (2019). Epidemiological trend in inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015: a nationwide populationbased study. Intestine Research, 17(1)."}]},{"subject":"Why do we live longer when we eat less? Scientists have found the answer in nematode. Key protease that activates autophagy shows potential in antiaging therapy.","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2023-01-10","detailContent":"
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We may need not cut our diet to live longer anymore. On 0.1-cm-long nematodes, scientist have found a molecular mechanism where dietary restriction promote autophagy and delay aging. This finding has laid a clear path for determining the appropriate target of antiaging drugs. \r\n \r\nSeveral animal models have proven dietary restriction or calorie intake restriction in promoting autophagy and delaying aging. This is because autophagy is an inherent function of the body cells that removes damaged organelles for cell regeneration and is more obvious under certain conditions, with dietary restriction being one of them.
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In recent research, scientists have found that nematodes extend their lives, which are 2 weeks on average, to 3 to 4 weeks by eating a little bit less every day. The research team observed that dietary restriction changed histonemethylation[1][2] in chromosomes through two critical proteases, SAMS-1 and SET-2, thereby regulating the activity of TFEB and FOXA, two transcription factors associated with autophagy, and increasing the expression of hepatic and intestinal autophagy in nematodes. \r\n \r\nIn other words, when nematodes were fed less Escherichia coli, the expression of SAMS-1 was low, which affected the methylation of histones, allowing genes downstream of autophagy to be transcribed. Conversely, nematodes with a regular diet had a normal expression of SAMS-1 and exhibited limited autophagy. \r\n \r\nAo-Lin Hsu, the leading researchers of this research and a professor at the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), said that based on the prior knowledge of dietary restriction being an effective way to delay aging, this finding revealed the molecular mechanism that underlies the relationship between dietary restriction and autophagy. He also said that these findings, which revealed the critical proteins that affect aging in dieting, could help scientists determine the appropriate target of antiaging drugs and further develop aging-delaying methods that do not require dieting.
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The speed of aging can be altered by environmental factors and is an inevitable part of our lives. Hsu said that an appropriate practice of dietary restriction promotes cellular repair because under a condition with insufficient resources (e.g., dietary restriction), cells prioritize repair over reproduction regarding the use of resources for survival. \r\n \r\nIn Hsu’s laboratory, nematodes are the main animal used for testing. They are the top choice of animal for aging research because they are nonparasitic, live in soil, have a shorter lifespan compared with mammal animals such as mice, reproduce in large numbers within their limited lifespan, and have similar key genes to humans. This research is a joint effort between NYCU and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. The research team also includes Tsui-Ting Ching, an associate professor at NYCU Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, and Chiao-Yin Lim, the first author and a PhD student at NYCU Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. The research is published on Autophagy, an international journal. \r\n \r\n[1] A histone is a protein that provides structural support for a chromosome. \r\n[2] Methylation is a biochemical reaction. The methylation of proteins inhibits or affects gene expression and is the foundation of epigenetics.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153506579744559104&init=Y","expFile":"Laboratory member"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Why do some obese people remain healthy while others become sick as soon as they gain excessive weight?","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2022-12-22","detailContent":"
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Obesity is a common disease in civilization. Scholars have confirmed its association with various metabolic disorders. However, a problem remains to be addressed regarding why specific obese individuals can remain healthy. Recent study has identified stomatin as a key factor causing obesity-related chronic diseases.
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Stomatin is a protein encoded by the STOM gene and exists prevalently on the membranes or the organelle surface of various cells. It can be discovered in peripheral blood, embryos, and organs such as the fat, bone marrow and placenta. Previous scholars considered stomatin to be a membrane protein associated with overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis. However, a research team from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) has conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments and verified that this protein modulates adipogenesis through the ERK pathway and regulates fatty acid uptake and lipid droplet growth. It may also induce abnormal metabolic syndromes. \r\n \r\nThrough in vitro experiments, researchers in the NYCU observed that stomatin could distribute to the cell membrane and lipid droplet surface of fatty cells. They discovered that reducing the expression of stomatin caused the notable inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and further reduced lipid accumulation in cells. In contrast, high expression of stomatin accelerated lipid droplet fusion and enhanced the ability of cells to absorb fatty acid. \r\n \r\nIn subsequent in vivo experiments, the researchers fed mice with calorie-rich food for 20 weeks. They observed that the stomatin transgenic mice exhibited significantly higher body weight and fatty tissue weight than the wild-type mice and experienced abnormal metabolic syndromes such as insulin resistance and hepatic impairment. Interestingly, the transgenic mice remained healthy as long as they received regular food. \r\n \r\nDr. Shao-Chin Wu explained that when ingesting excessive calories, the body stores additional fat by increasing the number and size of adipose cells, which in turn causes obesity. When the body increases fat accumulation by increasing the number of adipose cells, the normal functioning of adipose cells is maintained, and the resulting obesity is considered healthy. However, when the body enlarges adipose cells to store additional fat, the excessive accumulation of fat in the cells greatly increases the likelihood of cell dysfunctions. This causes the cells to lose their ability to store fat, and free fatty acids are absorbed by other organs in the body, thereby inducing abnormal syndromes in these organs. Excessive expression of stomatin enhances the ability of adipose cells to absorb fatty acids and consequently enlarges the cells in an unhealthy manner. \r\n \r\nThe discovery explains why some obese individuals with high body fat are able to remain healthy without experiencing metabolic disorders, whereas other obese individuals have unfavorable health conditions. Metabolic syndromes induced by obesity might be associated with the regulation of adipose cell differentiation and fat absorption. The study conducted by the research team highlighted a new research direction regarding the role of stomatin in health risk assessment, preventive medicine, and pharmaceutical development. \r\n \r\nThis study was completed by Dr. Chi-Hung Lin (Biological science and Technology, NYCU; Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, NYCU), Dr. Chien-Yi Tung (Cancer Progression Research Center, NYCU) and Dr. Shao-Chin Wu ( Cancer Progression Research Center, NYCU; Institute of Biophotonics, NYCU), published in Nature Communications, a subjournal of Nature Publishing Group.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153507635153080320&init=Y","expFile":"Laboratory member with principal"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Maternal voice can both make babies laugh and alleviate pain A clinical experiment discovered maternal voice to be effective in reducing preterm infants’ pain response during heel sticks","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2022-10-27","detailContent":"
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For babies, maternal voice can not only make them laugh but also can alleviate their pain. \r\n \r\nA study by the College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) on heel sticks in preterm infants discovered that during the heel sticks and blood draw process, if preterm infants hear maternal voices, their heart rate is more stable, and their external pain response is more subdued. \r\n \r\nOut of considerations for withdrawing blood for blood tests and the risk of bleeding, a common blood draw technique used in infants is heel sticks. This technique involves stabbing infants’ heels using needles to obtain their health information. However, the pain caused by this intrusive examination method has negative impacts on preterm infants and worries the mother. \r\n \r\nTo verify the criticalness of maternal voice on infants, Prof. Chi-Wen Chen of the College of Nursing, NYCU led a research team and Ms. Wan-Chin Yu, who was a registered nurse at the neonatal intensive care unit at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan to conduct an experiment. In the experiment, 64 preterm infants were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. On the fourth day after birth, the preterm infants of the experimental group received heel sticks. Three minutes before receiving heel sticks, a recording from their mother reading the children’s book Xiaoqi’s Yellow Persimmon was played at no louder than 70 dB until the entire blood draw process ended. The infants’ pain reactions were measured by six behavioral indicators including facial expression, crying, breathing pattern, arms, legs, and state of arousal. The results revealed that playing maternal sound significantly reduced the heart rate and pain indicators of participants in the experimental group compared to those of the control group. \r\n \r\nIn addition, the research team discovered that infants who listened to maternal voices had slower respiratory rate, increased blood oxygen saturation, and superior mother–infant bonding. Although the data of these three indicators did not show significant differences, the experimental group indeed has better data performance.. \r\n \r\nA past French study revealed that playing recordings of mothers reading the classic The Little Prince is conducive to stabilizing infants’ heart rate and reducing infants’ sense of insecurity from not having their mothers by their side. However, the effects were related to the volume of the maternal voice. When the recording exceeds 70 dB, infants’ heart rate increased rather than decreased, reflecting that loud sounds are not conducive to soothing infants. \r\n \r\nProf. Chen stated that preterm infants require medical care at a high frequency for a long time. Limited by the ward space and visiting hours, mothers cannot stay by the infants all the time. Pain is not only a physiological feeling but also affects infants’ behavioral reactions. \r\n \r\nMs. Yu stated that the results of this study confirmed the effect of maternal voice on infants and showed that when clinical nurses care for preterm infants, specifically, when they perform heel sticks, they should consider incorporating more measures friendly to mothers and infants. For example, they can provide a more diverse environment for the preterm infants, and clinically, they can provide a family-centered novel care model. \r\n \r\nThis study was jointly conducted by NYCU and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan. The results of this study have been published in the Journal of Pediatric Nursing.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153509764395700224&init=Y","expFile":"Nurse taking care baby"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Scientists probably find a solution for long COVID anxiety Animal model reveals that the problem may be caused by the Fkbp5 gene","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2022-10-03","detailContent":"
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Anxiety is a symptom often mentioned in the syndrome of long COVID-19. But why do patients suffer less sequelae after recovery from a common cold? Fkbp5 gene may be the answer according to the latest research. \r\n \r\nThe Fkbp5 gene can regulate the activity of stress hormone receptor and plays a critical role in mental disorders. The Fkbp51 protein encoded by Fkbp5 is related to neuroendocrine system, which controls the stress response to hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) feedback as well as immune response. \r\n \r\nA research team from Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) and Department of Psychiatry of Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch discovered that Fkbp5 knockout mice still showed anxiety-like behaviors in the early stage of recovery from body inflammation although their illness symptoms had mitigated. By contrast, wild-type mice did not show anxiety-like behavior after recovery. \r\n \r\nTo simulate the body’s inflammatory response, the research team intraperitoneally injected lipopolysaccharide—a toxic chemical commonly found on bacterial cell walls—into Fkbp5 knockout mice, causing the mice to appear ill (i.e., temporary appetite and weight loss). By nature, all rodents dislike heights and open fields. The research team put them into an elevated plus maze and an open field to observe their activities and behaviors. The longer the mice stayed in the open field, the more they adapted to the heights and open field, implying reduced anxiety. \r\n \r\nThe study found that 7 days after lipopolysaccharide injection, the appetite and weight of the mice gradually recovered, but Fkbp5 knockout mice exhibited anxiety-like behaviors. Generally speaking, the immune system and microglia in the brain’s hippocampus will be activated to combat inflammation while detecting foreign toxin in the body. Nonetheless, such phenomena were not noticeable in Fkbp5 knockout mice. This confirms that the Fkbp5 gene can regulate anxiety caused by inflammation in vivo.
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Professor Yi-Hsuan Lee of Institute of Physiology, NYCU—a leading researcher of this project—said that inflammation activates the HPA, enabling the Fkbp51 protein transcribed from the Fkbp5 gene to overexpress, initiating a series of molecular mechanisms including more GABA-synthesizing enzyme-GAD65 in ventral hippocampus neurons to inhibit neural activity, which stabilizes emotions. However, knockout of the Fkbp gene prevents the molecular pathway to function normally as a mood stabilizer, leading to anxiety. \r\n \r\nDr. Ming-Chyi Huang from the Department of Psychiatry of Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch, who is also a research team member of this project, said that ventral hippocampus neurons have been proven to exhibit more GABA nerve conduction, which is helpful in the combat against inflammation-induced anxiety, but ineffective in treating other types of anxiety. This study provides a new rationale for the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders after recovery from inflammation-related diseases.
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Cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 infection are one of the reasons for the inflammatory response. Although the relationship between Fkbp5 gene and long COVID-induced anxiety requires further investigation, the study has initially revealed the molecular mechanism of Fkbp5 gene in inflammation-induced anxiety. \r\n \r\nResearch team members are Ph.D. student Yu-Ling Gan, master’s student Rong-Heng He, postdoctoral research fellow Chen-Yu Wang, and Professor Hui-Ching Lin of the Institute of Physiology, as well as Professor Hsin-Hsien Yeh of the Brain Research Center and Professor Jiuan-Jeng Chung of the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology. The findings have been published in the Journal of Neuroinflammation.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153510430388260864&init=Y","expFile":"Researcher photo"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Sources and Health Risks of PM2.5 Vary Across Regions Research Shows Measuring the Oxidative Potential of Particulate Matter Better Reflects Air Quality","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2022-09-26","detailContent":"
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Scientists have found the components of particulate matter (pm)—in addition to its mass concentration—to be the main cause of health risks and advised further investigations into the cellular oxidative potential of pm, which reflects toxicity, for a more precise understanding of the effect of air quality on human health. \r\n \r\nA research team from National Taiwan University (NTU) and National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) investigated pm in an urban area and found that its substances including organic aerosols, iron, manganese, and copper, all of which increased cellular oxidative potential. Notably, these metals in the air did not always come from vehicle exhaust emissions and were more likely a result of the abrasion of brake pads; the level of such abrasion was particularly high in traffic jams. \r\n \r\nThe research team had monitored air quality for one month at a station in NTU near Keelung Road and observed that the largest fraction of pm composition, which are commonly known as secondary inorganic aerosols, comes from photochemical reactions of vehicle exhaust emissions. The pm also contained small amounts of black carbon and metals. Accordingly, congested traffic in the urban area was one of the main causes of reduced ambient air quality. Apart from the commonly known traffic pollutants, namely secondary inorganic aerosols and black carbon, metal particulates produced from frequent braking—nonexhaust emissions—were verified by the research team to have similar adverse effects on human health. \r\n \r\nA study from Britain revealed that metal particles from the abrasion of brake pads caused cellular inflammation and increased the risk of respiratory complications just as exhaust gas emitted from engine combustion did.
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Ta-Chih Hsiao, the leading researcher of this project and a professor at NTU Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, suggested that pm is harmful to the human body because human cells can be damaged when an excessive amount of active oxygen species from such matter accumulates in the cells, which is commonly known as free radical accumulation. According to the research, secondary inorganic aerosols, black carbon, and metals in pm were all possible causes of oxygen oxidative potential increase. \r\n \r\nKai-Hsien Chi, who was responsible for analyzing the components and toxicity of pm in the research and a professor at NYCU Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, pointed out that the measured mass concentration of pm failed to reveal the holistic picture of its risks and that the correlation between the mass concentration and cellular oxidative potential was weak. PM may exhibit the same mass concentration across regions, but the components can vary. A further investigation into the cellular oxidative potential of pm components is required to provide more air quality information. \r\n \r\nNTU and NYCU research team will introduce the concept of cellular oxidative potential into the current monitor system and try to establish a next-generation air quality evaluation method which is expected to understand the real air quality for citizens and help the government develop precise and effective pollution control policy.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153512106750906368&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Xiao Dazhi and Professor Ji Kaixian took a group photo in front of the observatory"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"Predicting the Outcomes of Liver Cancer Treatment via Fecal Bacteria TVGH–NYCU Research Team Discovers a New Biomarker of Liver Cancer Immunotherapy","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2022-09-08","detailContent":"
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Feces are generally perceived as dirty, unclean, and something to avoid at all costs. However, the latest study has revealed that fecal bacteria can effectively predict the treatment effects of immunotherapy on liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC). Patients with good gut microbiota not only respond more favorably to immunotherapy, but also demonstrate markedly higher survival rates. \r\n \r\nImmunotherapy is a novel cancer treatment option available today; it is particularly beneficial to patients whose liver cancer cannot be surgically removed or locoregional treatment failure. Nevertheless, biomarkers that can effectively predict the treatment effects of immunotherapy on HCC are currently lacking. \r\n \r\nAccordingly, since 2018, the liver cancer research team led by Dr. Yi-Hsiang Huang, a professor at the Institute of Clinical Medicine (National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University) and the Chief of the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine (Taipei Veterans General Hospital) has collected the fecal samples of 41 HCC patients who received immunotherapy at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital. The collected fecal samples were compared with those of 17 healthy people to analyze their gut microbiota through next-generation sequencing. Next, the research team collected fecal samples of 33 patients with HCC for further validation.
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The feces of patients with HCC mainly consist of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes at phylum level. In the feces of patients whose tumor worsened by immunotherapy, Professor Huang’s research team found mostly Prevotella 9 (under phylum Bacteroidetes ). By contrast, in the feces of patients who responded favorably to immunotherapy, the research team found mostly Lachnoclostridium and Veillonella (under the phylum Firmicutes). In addition, the research team discovered that the abundance of the Lachnoclostridium in the feces was correlated with their secondary bile acid concentration. \r\n \r\nOverall, in patients with good gut microbiota, their liver tumors responded significantly more favorably to immunotherapy, and the patients had higher survival rates. Statistical predictions indicated that in the best-case scenario, patients with more Lachnoclostridium and less Prevotella 9 in their feces had a median overall survival of 22.8 months. \r\n \r\nProfessor Huang noted that the human gut contains trillions of bacteria. These bacteria are closely related to nutrition, metabolism, immunity, and other bodily functions. Studies have reported that in addition to predicting the treatment response of immunotherapy on liver cancer, gut microbiota can regulate the effects of immunotherapy on melanoma, certain lung cancers, and kidney cancer. \r\n \r\nAlthough the effects of gut microbiota on cancer therapy remain inconclusive, some studies have discovered that Lachnoclostridium features anti-inflammatory potential, and that Prevotella 9 is associated with inflammatory imbalances. These reasons may attribute to why gut microbiota have an effect on immunotherapy effectiveness.
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Doctor Pei-Chang Lee, a member of Professor Huang’s research team and an attending physician of the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, remarked that both Taiwan and the Asia-Pacific region have high HCC prevalence rates. Thus, the results of this study will help clinicians predict, using a noninvasive method, the tumor responses and survival prognoses of patients with liver cancer during immunotherapy. This enables clinicians to provide patients with more precise HCC treatment and lower their mortality rates. \r\n \r\nAlthough the correlation between gut microbiota and cancer treatment has already been discovered in the field of science, such as the effects of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcaceae on the immunotherapy treatment results of melanoma (as confirmed in animal and human experiments), the present study is the first made on the correlation between gut microbiota and HCC immunotherapy. The study has won the recognition as the best study in the 2022 European Association for the Study of the Liver (category: liver cancer) and been published in Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, an internationally renowned journal.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153512273713565696&init=Y","expFile":"Rongyangjiao team held a press conference on September 7 to explain the research results of new indicators for immunotherapy of liver cancer"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]},{"subject":"The Future Possible Diabetes Management Method–Scientists Use Silk of Nephila pilipes to Develop a Fiber Optic Sugar Sensor for Glucose Measurement","dataClassName":null,"pubUnitName":"Office of International Promotion and Outreach","posterDate":null,"updateDate":"2022-08-24","detailContent":"
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Spiders are often pictured as villains in literary works or films, and Nephila pilipes, which is the size of a palm, is particularly dreadful to many. Despite this, spiders probably will not be considered so negative if its silk can be used to measure glucose as a tool for managing diabetes someday. \r\n \r\nProfessor Liu Cheng-yang and E Hsuan-pei, a master’s graduate, from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (hereafter NYCU) used the silk of N. pilipes to develop a fiber optic sugar sensor capable of measuring fructose, sucrose, and glucose within 0.1 ms. Because its measuring range covers all possible glucose levels inside a human body, the sensor is suitable as a next-generation glucose meter. \r\n \r\nAs population ages, diabetes has become a common disease. Measuring glucose at home with lancets puts patients at a risk of infection; furthermore, all used lancets are considered medical waste. Therefore, scientists have been working to develop more convenient ways to measure glucose in real time.
\r\n
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\r\n\r\n
Different from the traditional glass or plastic fiber optics, spider silk exhibits a high tensile strength, transmits light waves, and, for its high biocompatibility, is suitable for the human body. The research and development team led by professor Liu collaborated with Taipei Medical University and the Taiwan Instrument Research Institute of National Applied Research Institute to obtain natural spider silk from living spiders. Photocurable resin was used to stabilize the structure of the spider silk before a thin gold nanolayer was deposited on the surface of cured silk by using glancing-angle sputtering to enhance the spider silk fiber optic’s sensitivity to sugar. Finally, a visible fiber optic sensor with a diameter similar to that of human hair was fabricated. \r\n \r\nBased on the optical physical principles of surface plasmon resonance, scientists can calculate the refractive index of different types of sugar on metals, thereby determining changes in the sugar concentration. This fiber optic sensor developed by Liu has been verified through experiments to maintain its sensitivity at the same level within one year and to function normally at room temperature and human body temperature.
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In fact, the research and development team have tried using two or three spider breeds and also spiders they found on the campus in their experiments in order to obtain suitable materials. However, silks from these spiders all exhibit substandard quality. They had experimented with different spider silks before they settled on N. pilipes as the source of silk. To ensure the quality of spider silk, the team also learned to keep spiders and designed an appropriate silk collection method. \r\n \r\nMs. E said that she was afraid of N. pilipes because of its large size and the human face–like pattern on its back and that the silk collection process was frightening to the team because the spider was not easy to keep under control and was always running around during the process. For the making of spider silk fiber optics, the team experimented with various types of resins and metals, including gold, silver, and copper. The team also had a chance to meet owners of a reptile shop and resin businesses during the process, which was an unexpected reward to them.
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Liu indicated that patients with diabetes need to measure their glucose before and after every meal; therefore, a glucose sensor that is suitable for long-term use in the human body and offers real-time, accurate glucose measurement can obviate the hustle the patients face and achieve the goal of precision medicine; consequently, this sensor can benefit an even wider population of patients with chronic diseases. \r\n
\r\n\r\n
This achievement is owed to the joint effort of NYCU, researchers Chen Wei-chun and Chen Che-chin at the Taiwan Instrument Research Institute of National Applied Research Institute, and professor Cheng Chia-hsiung at Taipei Medical University. The research outcome will be published in the September issue of Biomedical Optics Express this year as the editor’s pick.
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","liaisonper":null,"liaisontel":null,"liaisonfax":null,"liaisonemail":null,"docs":[],"images":[{"fileurl":"https://www.nycu.edu.tw/nycu/en/app/news/image?module=headnews&detailNo=1153513578582511616&init=Y","expFile":"Professor Liu Chengyang (first from left), Master E Xuanbei (first from right) and team members of the Department of Medical Engineering"}],"videos":[],"audios":[],"resources":[]}]
![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260903132510645.png\")
![\"Dotted](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260903133117861.png\")
Dotted extensions leading into an exclusive left-turn lane. (Source: Google Maps)![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260825113155272.png\")
![\"Wan-Tzu](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260825113726499.png\")
![\"Members](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260825114010667.png\")
Members of the research team.![\"NYCU-Led](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260820012929783.png\")
![\"Li-Lin](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260820013325519.jpg\")
![\"Better](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260820013735317.png\")
Better performance in balance, mobility, lower-body strength and cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a substantially lower mortality risk among older adults.![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260813093148728.png\")
![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260810095820231.jpg\")
![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260730130101572.png\")
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![\"“Many](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260730130103039.png\")
“Many peptide drug candidates fail not because of molecular design, but because they are too difficult to manufacture efficiently,” Chen said. “Our goal was to build a platform that makes complex peptides easier to produce at scale and easier to translate into real-world therapeutics.”![\"A](\"/userfiles/images/20260728112516287.png\")
![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260728114243233.png\")
A schematic illustration of co-packaged optics (CPO), where optical engines are integrated closer to AI processors to shorten electrical interconnect distances, improving bandwidth, energy efficiency and signal integrity.![\"Researchers](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260721171001345.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260721171200481.png\")
![\"Dr.](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260721171525867.png\")
Dr. Tzu-Chun Wang (right) and Professor Terry B.-J. Kuo, whose teams collaborated on the precision anesthesia study.![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260701131539127.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260701131537692.png\")
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![\"Associate](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260608160000804.png\")
Associate Professor Jiun-Hung Yu (center) poses with members of his research team following the successful patent registration of their Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) communication technology.![\"Researchers](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260601151159685.png\")
![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260601151401727.JPG\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260601151702495.jpg\")
The research team poses for a group photo with Shuu-Jiun Wang (right), Dean of the NYCU College of Medicine. From left: Dr. Cheng-Fong Chen, Dr. Wen-Liang Lo, graduate student Yu-Heng Cheng, Professor Yu-Show Fu, and Dr. Chang-Ching Yeh.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260525150257554.jpg\")
![\"Noise](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260525160000131.png\")
![\"From](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260525151159649.png\")
From left: Min-Hsuan Lee, assistant professor in the PhD Program in Biomedical Intelligent Systems at NTHU; Wen-Chi Pan, director of the Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at NYCU; and Ling-Jyh Chen, research fellow at the Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica.![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260519151052863.png\")
![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260519151342811.png\")
Professor Li-Yin Chien (left) and her research team found that children conceived through IVF may face a higher risk of congenital heart disease than those conceived naturally.![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260512140820768.png\")
![\"Yi-Fang](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260512141130524.png\")
Yi-Fang Chuang (left), professor in NYCU’s Master’s Program in Public Health, and medical student Syuan-Ting Chang pose for a photo following the research collaboration.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260506115402659.png\")
![\"Associate](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260506115513843.png\")
![\"Associate](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260506115649374.png\")
Associate Professor Ming-Chia Li and members of his research team at NYCU. The study was conducted in collaboration with researchers from Osaka Institute of Technology in Japan.![\"An](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260422213755971.png\")
![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260422152700639.png\")
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Professor Kuo-Pin Yu (left) and Master’s student An-Yu Wang from the Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260416125734396.png\")
![\"Assistant](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260416130055912.png\")
Assistant Professor Li-Ling Wu (front row, center) and her research team.![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260407210300402.png\")
![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260407205556671.png\")
NYCU Professor Jong-Shinn Wu extends his expertise beyond aerospace, translating plasma technology into innovative solutions for wound care![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260330105752863.png\")
![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260330110125209.png\")
Professor Yu-Sheng Su (right, first) with his laboratory research team.![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260324144045059.png\")
![\"From](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260304113129830.png\")
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The study was conducted by Li-Yin Chien (right), Dean of the College of Nursing, and Shiou-Yun Huang (left), a doctoral researcher who is now a lecturer in nursing at Asia University.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260114000645827.png\")
![\"Members](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260114001146115.png\")
Members of the research team (from left): Kuan-Chen Lai, a graduate student at the Institute of Clinical Medicine; Professor Muh-Hwa Yang; and Dr. Po-Hsien Chiu.![\"STAT1](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20260114000911387.png\")
STAT1 plays a critical role in immunotherapy efficacy, and its acetylation status may serve as an important biomarker for predicting immunotherapy response.![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251219100813375.png\")
![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251219101020105.png\")
Professor Yih-Lan Liu of the Institute of Education presents research showing that online bullying can occur even without anonymity.![\"Dr.](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251219101239989.png\")
Dr. Cheng-Yan Wang presents findings on the developmental trajectories and psychological factors related to bullying and aggressive behaviors.![\"Group](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251219102636100.png\")
![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251204111853175.png\")
![\"A](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251204111728160.png\")
A clinician conducts a handgrip strength test, one of the key indicators used to assess muscle function in the updated Asian sarcopenia guidelines.![\"Director](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251204112141876.png\")
Director Liang-Kung Chen emphasized that “this is not just about preventing falls in old age,” noting that muscle health in one’s 40s and 50s shapes metabolic well-being, cognitive function, and overall resilience for decades to come.![\"Wei-Cheng](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251125140656562.png\")
![\"Associate](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251125140855083.png\")
Associate Professor Wei-Cheng Lo discusses SARST2 performance results with his students.![\"Group](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251125141346275.png\")
Group photo of the Engineering and Computational Biology Laboratory team.![\"TTBK2](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251106110554270.png\")
![\"Professors](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251106110936518.png\")
Professors Jie-rong Huang (right) and Won-Jing Wang from the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at NYCU.![\"Group](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251027154352529.jpg\")
Group photo of the research team. Front row: Prof. Shu-Ling Fu (left) from the Institute of Traditional Medicine and Prof. Ting-Fen Tsai (right) from the DLSIGS.![\"Left:](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251027153915952.png\")
Left: Cardiac cells of a mouse treated with Doxorubicin, showing dark canyon-like damage areas. Right: After hesperetin treatment, the damaged regions begin to recover.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251014144018270.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251014144154366.jpg\")
The discovery that TTBK2 activity promotes the proliferation of cerebellar GNPs highlights its critical role in brain development and disease.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251014144400474.jpg\")
The research team discovered that SHH signaling protects a protein called TTBK2, allowing it to remain on the cell’s primary cilium and promote neuronal growth. However, in brain tumors, this mechanism is hijacked to accelerate tumor progression. The study suggests that inhibiting TTBK2 could lead to new therapeutic strategies for SHH-subtype medulloblastoma.![\"Associate](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251009093625265.jpg\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20251009093623307.png\")
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![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250923095828315.png\")
The research team, led by Assistant Professor Yen-Lin Huang (center).![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250918113358777.png\")
![\"Prof.](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250918114019104.png\")
Prof. Bing-Fei Wu, Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering at NYCU (Photo credit: Far Eastern Y.Z. Hsu Foundation)![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250915160412648.png\")
![\"In](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250915160513108.png\")
In the gummy candy experiment, participants with better chewing ability were able to mix the two-colored gummy more evenly.![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250915160700128.png\")
Professor Chia-Shu Lin, Department of Dentistry at NYCU![\"“X-Men”](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250909153355995.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250909153548655.png\")
The figure illustrates how MagTIES precisely tunes brainwave frequencies in live subjects.![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250909153758089.png\")
Professor Po-Han Chiang (left) and first author Ph.D. candidate Chao-Chun Cheng (right) at NYCU.![\"Two](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250902105749754.png\")
![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250902105959578.png\")
NYCU joins forces with international research teams to develop the world’s first electronically adjustable liquid crystal eyeglasses with mass-production potential.![\"Group](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250902110153776.png\")
Group photo of the research team![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250811202154146.jpg\")
![\"Nano](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250811202505013.jpg\")
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Professor Lu explores how “Taiwanese English” reflects the natural interplay between first-language grammar and second-language learning, revealing that what sounds like mispronunciation is often a systematic effect of first-language influence and learners’ awareness of language differences![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250731134455270.png\")
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Professor Po-Tsun Liu’s research team successfully simulated the learning and memory behavior of synapses in the human brain, achieving multi-synaptic plasticity akin to biological neural systems. (Pictured: the experimental chip developed in the lab)![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250729144605355.png\")
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![\"(Photo](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250724135051646.png\")
(Photo credit: Pexels)![\"Migraine](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250724135051338.png\")
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HBO1 serves as an epigenetic barrier that restricts liver cell fate conversion.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250722115824050.png\")
![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250716222210219.png\")
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![\"Dr.](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250603121054572.png\")
Dr. Margaret S. Ho (center) and her research team at NYCU’s Institute of Neuroscience. From left to right: Yi-Hua Lee, Yu-Tung Lin, Yu-Ting Tsai, Yu-Hung Wang, and Chia-Ching Lin.![\"Personality](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250528225146497.png\")
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Professor Shu-Chu Sarrina Li (front row, right) and Associate Professor Shih-Yu Lo (front row, left) from NYCU’s Institute of Communication Studies with their research team.![\"Sesamin](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250528111404194.JPG\")
![\"Sesamin,](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250528111608792.JPG\")
![\"Dr.](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250528112043919.png\")
Dr. Chao-Yen Ho (second from left), an attending urologist at Shin Kong Hospital, and Professor I-Sheng Hwang (center), Director of the Department of Surgery, are pictured with fellow research team members.![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250527141130756.png\")
![\"Theoretical](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250527141710353.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250527142020568.png\")
The research team includes Professor Chung-Hou Chung (center), Postdoctoral Researcher Dr. Wen-Hao Ruan (left), and Postdoctoral Researcher Dr. Kim Remund (right).![\"Poria,](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250519214445671.png\")
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Professors Tung-Yi Lin (front row, right) and Mei-Kuang Lu (front row, left) lead the research team in polysaccharide studies.![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250515122842988.png\")
![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250508123042970.png\")
![\"At](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250508123358279.png\")
At the core of the technology is the combination of polymers with varying degrees of crystallinity and ionic liquids to form a self-healing ion gel.![\"Febuxostat](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250428144816854.png\")
![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250428145129404.png\")
Professor Chih-Hung Chiang (fourth from the left in the back row) of the Department of Urology at Taoyuan General Hospital, Associate Professor Ting-Ting Chang (third from the left in the back row) of the Institute of Pharmacology at NYCU, and other research team members pose for a group photo.![\"Deep-ultraviolet](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250422112543645.png\")
![\"Assistant](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250422112859568.png\")
Assistant Professor Ming-Lun Tseng (center) led the team in developing the deep-ultraviolet metalens.![\"Using](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250407112904279.jpg\")
![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250926144607264.jpg\")
![\"This](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250407113213155.jpg\")
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![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250324211510697.jpg\")
The study was led by Associate Professor Yi-Fang Chuang (second from right), with Associate Professor Wen-Chi Pan (second from left) responsible for data interpretation and analysis. The research team also included medical graduate Ying-Cen Lin (first from left) and sixth-year medical student Kang-Chen Fan (first from right).![\"Enhanced](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250311154239113.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250311154408255.png\")
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The AI compensation technology can restore the brightness of red, green, and blue primary colors to approximately 90%.![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250311154931079.png\")
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![\"An](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250211145457284.jpg\")
An illustration shows right-handed spin-orbit torque magnetic memory in a neuromorphic computing approach to MNIST and Fashion MNIST.![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250205105321282.png\")
![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250205105826545.jpeg\")
The decoding performance of the asynchronous-bit-rate DPS QKD streams when using different fiberized DLIs with the corresponding FSRs of 40, 192 MHz, and 1 GHz. (a) QBER and (b) SKR obtained at DLI’s visibility of 91.76%; (c) QBER and (d) SKR obtained at DLI’s visibility of maximum (∼96%); (e) the simulated visibility vs temperature fluctuation; and (f) the zoom-in plots showing the slope of the visibility vs temperature gradient suppressed with increasing FSR.![\"NYCU](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20250114153647658.png\")
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Professor Jie-Rong Huang (left) with his research team: PhD student Yung-Chen Sun (center) and Master’s student Tzung-Lun Hsieh (right).![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20241203113631639.png\")
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![\"Professor](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20241024122801622.png\")
Professor Shih-Hwa Chiou (left), Dr. Mong-Lien Wang (right), and Dr. Anita S. La’ah (center).![\"The](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20241021130135324.JPG\")
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A group photo of the research team.![\"Associate](\"/userfiles/nycuen/images/20240827224136217.jpeg\")
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